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| When Israeli ground forces advanced en masse into the Gaza Strip on Friday evening, just after the Jewish Sabbath began, they did it so secretly that it was hours before the outside world understood what had happened. |
| 上周五晚，在犹太人的安息日刚开始不久，以色列地面部队大规模进入了加沙地带，以军对这次行动如此之保密，以至于外界在几个小时后才知道发生了什么。 |
| In the three days since the long-anticipated invasion began, Israel’s military has operated with a similar ambiguity, defying expectations by carrying out a more incremental ground operation than was initially anticipated. While it has continued to decimate Gaza and its people with aerial bombardments, much of the ground force appears to have hung back from Gaza City, Hamas’s stronghold in northern Gaza, and stayed instead in the countryside on the city’s fringes. |
| 在预料已久的入侵开始后的三天里，以军一直在采取同样不明确的、更逐渐的地面行动，而不是人们最初预期的那样。虽然以军一直继续对加沙发动空袭，摧毁地面建筑、导致大批加沙人死亡，但大部分地面部队似乎没有向位于加沙北部的哈马斯据点加沙城挺进，而是停在了城市外围的农村。 |
| Under U.S. pressure to temper their response to the Hamas killing of more than 1,400 people on Israeli soil, Israel has even avoided describing the operation as an invasion. The loss of life, though, in Gaza continues to rise, with the Palestinian death toll so far over 8,000, according to Hamas officials. |
| 由于美国向以色列施压，要求它放缓对于哈马斯在以色列领土杀死1400多人的回应，以色列甚至避免将地面行动描述为入侵。但加沙的死亡人数仍在继续上升，据哈马斯官员称，到目前为止已有逾8000名巴勒斯坦人死亡。 |
| “Everything is happening in darkness,” said Andreas Krieg, a war expert at King’s College, London, adding that “there’s a very small group of people who actually know what’s going on, even inside Israel.” |
| 伦敦国王学院的战争专家安德烈亚斯·克里格表示，“一切都发生在暗中。”他还说，“只有一个很小的班子真正了解正在发生的事情，甚至在以色列内部也是这样。” |
| The goal of such strategic ambiguity is threefold, analysts say. |
| 分析人士表示，这种战略模糊性有三重目的。 |
| First, it keeps Hamas uncertain about Israel’s next steps. And, at least for now, it allows Israeli soldiers to maintain a siege of Gaza City, where Hamas has dug a network of underground tunnels and fortifications. By doing so, Israel avoids — or at least puts off — bloody urban combat inside the city. |
| 首先，这让哈马斯难以确定以色列的下一步行动。而且，至少在目前，这让以色列士兵能继续围困加沙城，哈马斯在那里挖掘了地下隧道和防御工事网。围困但不入城，让以色列避免——或者至少推迟了——在加沙城内进行血腥巷战。 |
| The fog may also buy Israel some time. |
| 这种模糊也可能为以色列赢得一些时间。 |
| Not only may it help put off scrutiny from both internal and external critics, it gives Israel a chance to assess the plans of Hamas allies like Hezbollah, a militia in Lebanon that has exchanged fire with Israel in recent days. Israeli officials fear the militia may be weighing a more forceful attack of its own. |
| 它不仅可能有助于推迟来自内部和外部批评者的审查，也给了以色列评估哈马斯的盟友有什么打算的机会，例如曾在最近几天与以色列交火的黎巴嫩民兵组织真主党。以色列官员担心真主党民兵可能正在考虑发动更猛烈的袭击。 |
| “Modern war is conducted not only with tanks and airplanes,” Amos Yadlin, a former head of Israeli military intelligence, said in a phone interview. “It’s a cyberwar, a psychological war, and an informational war.” |
| “现代战争不只是用坦克和飞机，”曾任以色列军事情报局局长的阿莫斯·亚德林在接受电话采访时说。“现代战争是网络战、心理战、信息战。” |
| The shroud of secrecy began late Friday afternoon, when Israel jammed Gaza’s internet and telecoms networks, according to senior U.S. officials, stopping Gazans from sharing what they were seeing. |
| 诡秘气氛是上周五下午晚些时候开始的，据美国高级官员说，以色列屏蔽了加沙的互联网和电信网络，让加沙人无法分享他们正在看到的情况。 |
| Soon after, the air force bombarded Gaza City with a massive barrage of missiles, intended to drive Hamas fighters into their tunnel network. |
| 不久后，以色列空军用大量导弹轰炸加沙城，目的是将哈马斯武装分子驱赶到他们的地下隧道网里去。 |
| Then, shortly after 6 p.m., a vast phalanx of tanks, armored vehicles, bulldozers, infantrymen and combat engineers entered northern Gaza — unseen and unreported. Another column entered central Gaza, approaching Gaza City from the south. |
| 后来，在下午6点刚过不久，一支由坦克、装甲车、推土机、步兵，以及作战工程兵组成的庞大方阵进入加沙北部，没人看到他们的行动，也没人报道。另一支纵队进入了加沙中部，从南边向加沙城逼近。 |
| With communications down, it would have been hard for Hamas to fully grasp what was happening, or to prepare a response, Dr. Krieg said. Palestinian civilians, too, were plunged into terror and uncertainty, unable to reach one another to learn what was happening. |
| 由于通讯中断，哈马斯很难全面了解正在发生的事情或准备应对措施，克里格说。巴勒斯坦平民也突然陷入了恐惧和不确定之中，他们不能相互联系，无法了解正在发生的事情。 |
| Within Israel itself, officials had also worked to deflect attention away from the invasion. |
| 在以色列国内，官员们已在努力转移人们对入侵的注意力。 |
| On Friday morning, medical teams were told to hold an hourslong rehearsal to prepare for how they might deal with the release of scores of hostages taken by Hamas on Oct. 7, according to a senior medical official. For some, that fostered the impression that Israel was on the verge of a major breakthrough in back-channel negotiations to free the hostages, rather than making last-minute arrangements for an invasion. |
| 据一名医疗机构高级官员说，医疗队上周五上午收到通知，让他们进行几个小时的训练，为接收释放出来的人质做准备，哈马斯在10月7日劫持了数百名人质。对有些人来说，这助长了以色列即将在释放人质的秘密谈判中取得重大突破，而不是在为入侵做最后一刻安排的印象。 |
| Once the operation began, army spokesmen stopped answering their phones. The information blackout was complete. |
| 行动开始后，以军发言人不再接听电话。信息被全部封锁。 |
| It was three hours before the military ambiguously announced that it was “expanding ground activity,” and six hours before a military spokesman confirmed that troops were inside Gaza. |
| 三小时后，以军含糊地宣布正在“扩大地面活动”。军方发言人确认部队已进入加沙时，已经过去了六个小时。 |
| On Saturday, the military was still avoiding describing their advance as an invasion, merely noting that the troops remained inside the territory. Only that evening did Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu formally announce the “second stage” of the war, 24 hours after it started. |
| 周六，军方仍避免把进入加沙描述为入侵，只是指出部队继续留在那里。直到当天晚上，内塔尼亚胡总理才正式宣布战争进入“第二阶段”，那是在地面行动开始24小时后。 |
| And even after that, the military kept a veil over its activity. On Monday it released only limited information, conveying the impression of a controlled, low-intensity advance. |
| 即使在那之后，以军仍对行动保密。以军在周一只发布了有限的信息，给人以行动在控制之下且强度不高的印象。 |
| Mr. Netanyahu, speaking to reporters, emphatically rejected appeals for a cease-fire as “calls for Israel to surrender to Hamas, to surrender to terrorism.” Asked about the death toll in Gaza, Mr. Netanyahu said that “not a single civilian has to die,” and he accused Hamas of “preventing them from leaving the areas of conflict.” |
| 内塔尼亚胡在对记者发表讲话时断然拒绝了停火呼吁，称其为“呼吁以色列向哈马斯投降，向恐怖主义投降”。当被问及加沙的死亡人数时，内塔尼亚胡说“一个平民都不用死”，他指责哈马斯“阻止平民离开冲突地区”。 |
| The military released unverified footage that appeared to show Israeli tanks moving slowly down beaches in northern Gaza. The clips also showed Israeli bulldozers reshaping the terrain, possibly to ease the tanks’ passage or to destroy tunnel infrastructure. But the footage showed little actual fighting, and reports of clashes were limited to terse and vague statements. |
| 以军发布的未经证实的视频似乎显示，以色列坦克在加沙北部的海滩上缓慢行驶。视频还显示以色列的推土机正在改变地形，可能是为了让坦克容易通过，或是在摧毁隧道基础设施。但视频中几乎没有任何实际的交火，对战斗的报道也只限于简短且含糊的陈述。 |
| After international condemnation of the toll the attacks have taken on Palestinian civilians, Israel has spoken only of its actions against Hamas fighters. |
| 国际社会谴责以色列空袭造成巴勒斯坦平民伤亡后，以色列只提针对哈马斯武装分子的行动。 |
| “Troops killed dozens of terrorists who barricaded themselves in buildings and tunnels,” read one announcement from the Israeli military. |
| “部队消灭了数十名躲在建筑物和隧道中的恐怖分子，”以军在一份声明中写道。 |
| Hamas has also tried to turn vagueness to its advantage. Its military wing has acknowledged clashing with Israeli troops, but also only in general terms. “Mujahedeen surprise enemy forces advancing northwest of Beit Lahia,” said one Hamas statement on Monday afternoon. |
| 哈马斯也试图将这种模糊转化为优势。其武装派系承认与以色列部队发生了冲突，但也只用了笼统的语言。“圣战者组织突袭了向拜特拉希亚西北推进的敌军，”哈马斯在周一下午发布的声明中称。 |
| By Monday evening, it appeared that the Israeli soldiers were encircling Gaza City, sealing off access to the city from the north and south, but still refraining from sending major forces inside it. |
| 到周一晚时，以色列士兵似乎已包围了加沙城，控制了从北边和南边进入该城的通道，但仍避免派主力部队进入城市。 |
| “A sort of pincer movement, cutting it off and making sure nobody leaves,” is how Dr. Krieg described it. |
| 克里格把以军的行动描述为“某种钳制动作，将其割断，确保没人离开”。 |
| Whether it will work is unclear: The real test will come once the Israeli forces enter Gaza City. |
| 这种做法是否有效尚不清楚：真正的考验将在以军进入加沙城时到来。 |
| “We’re not in the urban combat stage yet, where it becomes very, very messy,” Dr. Krieg said. |
| “我们还没有进入巷战阶段，那会变得非常非常混乱，”克里格说。 |
| Satellite images showed a group of Israeli tanks near the city of Beit Hanoun, about four miles northeast of Gaza City. Other images also showed more armored Israeli vehicles clustered roughly two miles north of Gaza City. A video posted to social media on Sunday, and verified by The New York Times, showed two soldiers raising an Israeli flag above a beachfront hotel nearby. |
| 卫星图像显示，一组以色列坦克已接近距离加沙城东北约六公里的拜特哈农市。其他图像还显示更多的以色列装甲车聚集在加沙城以北约三公里的地方。一段周日发布在社交媒体上、经过《纽约时报》证实的视频显示，两名以色列士兵在附近的一家海滨酒店上方升起了以色列国旗。 |
| To the south, tanks were seen stationed near a major highway that connects Gaza City with the southern parts of the enclave. |
| 南边可以看到坦克部署在连接加沙城和加沙南部的一条主要高速公路附近。 |
| Israeli military experts are casting the invasion as phased and gradual. |
| 以色列军事专家正在将这次入侵描述为分阶段的、渐进的行动。 |
| “It is not a blitzkrieg, it is not the kind of wars that we saw in World War II,” said General Yadlin. “It’s a very slow movement to make sure we kill all the terrorists, we clear all the tunnels, and protect our forces. Moving fast is not a good idea here.” |
| “这不是闪电战，也不是我们在第二次世界大战中看到的那种战争，”亚德林说。“这是非常缓慢的行动，是确保我们消灭所有恐怖分子、清空所有隧道、保护我们的部队的行动。快速行动在这个地方不是好主意。” |
| But for Palestinians, the invasion has already meant still more threats to civilian life. |
| 但对巴勒斯坦人来说，入侵已意味着对平民生命的更多威胁。 |
| A video posted on Monday and verified by The Times showed an Israeli tank on the highway south of Gaza firing at what the journalist who filmed it said was a civilian car. The journalist, Youssef Al-Saifi, said he had watched as the civilian car approached it, and tried in vain to warn its driver. |
| 周一发布、经过时报核实的一段视频显示，一辆在加沙南部高速公路上的以色列坦克正在向一辆车开火，拍摄该视频的记者描述后者为民用汽车。这名记者叫优素福·萨伊菲，他说，他看到那辆民用汽车朝着坦克的方向开去，他试图警告汽车的司机，但没有成功。 |
| “I shouted at the guy driving the Skoda car at high speed, warning him,” Mr. Al-Saifi said in a video interview. “He did not believe that there was a tank.” |
| “我对那个高速驾驶斯柯达汽车的人大喊，想警告他，”赛伊菲在视频采访中说。“他不相信那里有坦克。” |
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