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| President Biden will travel to Israel on Wednesday to show solidarity with America’s closest ally in the Middle East, in a wartime trip to bolster the country’s resolve to eradicate Hamas but also to urge limits on what seems bound to be a casualty-filled ground invasion of the Gaza Strip. |
| 美国总统拜登将于周三前往以色列，对美国在中东最密切的盟友表示支持，这次战时之行旨在加强以色列根除哈马斯的决心，同时敦促以色列在对加沙地带进行地面入侵时保持克制，这次入侵看来势必造成大量人员伤亡。 |
| It will be a trip fraught with risks, both political and physical. |
| 这将是一次充满政治风险和人身危险的旅行。 |
| The White House announced the visit on Monday evening after Mr. Biden met with his top intelligence officials and his closest advisers in the Oval Office to debate whether to accept the invitation that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu extended over the weekend. |
| 白宫在周一晚间宣布了此次访问。此前，拜登在椭圆形办公室与自己的高级情报官员和最亲密的顾问们开会讨论了是否接受以色列总理内塔尼亚胡周末发出的访问邀请。 |
| In a briefing to reporters Monday night, John F. Kirby, a spokesman for the National Security Council, said Mr. Biden would focus on “the critical need for humanitarian assistance to get into Gaza, as well as the ability for innocent people to get out.” |
| 美国国家安全委员会发言人约翰·柯比在周一晚间的媒体吹风会上说，拜登将重点关注“迫切需要的人道主义援助进入加沙的问题，以及无辜的人民有能力从加沙撤出的问题”。 |
| He said the president would have meetings in Tel Aviv and in Amman, Jordan, with the leaders of Jordan, Egypt and the Palestinian Authority. |
| 柯比表示，总统将在特拉维夫举行会议，并将在约旦的安曼与约旦、埃及和巴勒斯坦权力机构的领导人会面。 |
| While Mr. Biden and Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken have backed the overthrow of Hamas, they have also stressed to Mr. Netanyahu’s government that once Israel is seen blowing up buildings and triggering Palestinian casualties, public sentiment around the world could change dramatically. It would focus less on the Oct. 7 terrorist attack, with its scenes of burned bodies and massacred children, and more on the brutality of the response. |
| 虽然拜登和美国国务卿布林肯支持推翻哈马斯，但他们也已向内塔尼亚胡政府强调，一旦人们看到以色列炸毁建筑物、引发巴勒斯坦人的伤亡后，世界各地的公众情绪可能会发生巨大变化。公众情绪的焦点会从10月7日的恐怖袭击、烧焦的尸体和被屠杀的儿童等情景转移，更多地转向以方回击的残酷手段上来。 |
| “We obviously don’t want to see any additional civilian suffering,” Mr. Kirby said, though he added that there were no conditions being put on the arms and other aid being shipped to Israel. |
| 柯比说，“我们显然不希望看到更多的平民遭受苦难。”不过他也表示，正在运往以色列的武器和其他援助物资不附带任何附加条件。 |
| Before the announcement, two administration officials, noting the pro-Palestinian marches in Europe, in New York and on some American college campuses, said in interviews that they could already sense the narrative shifting. They spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss the administration’s internal assessments. |
| 在宣布出访前，两名政府官员在接受采访时表示，他们注意到欧洲、纽约和一些美国大学校园里的亲巴勒斯坦游行，感到叙事正在发生变化。因为讨论的是政府内部的评估，他们要求不具名。 |
| Mr. Biden’s visit is an extraordinary show of support to Israel in the midst of war, akin to Mr. Biden’s brief trip to Ukraine in February to shore up international support for President Volodymyr Zelensky. And just as Mr. Biden’s trip to Kyiv came as Ukraine was on the cusp of a major military operation, the visit to Jerusalem comes as hundreds of thousands of Israeli troops are poised to fight their way through the jammed urban landscape of Gaza to carry out Mr. Netanyahu’s vow to eliminate Hamas. |
| 拜登在战火中访以是一种非同寻常的支持展示，与他在今年2月对乌克兰进行短暂访问以加强国际社会对泽连斯基总统的支持类似。在拜登访问基辅之际，乌克兰正在准备一个重大军事行动，同样，在他访问耶路撒冷之际，数十万以色列部队即将开始打进加沙拥挤不堪的小巷，实现内塔尼亚胡消灭哈马斯的誓言。 |
| The security risk of such a trip was clear on Monday when sirens warning of incoming rockets or missiles went off while Mr. Blinken, who was in Israel for his second visit in a week, was meeting at a military base with Mr. Netanyahu and his war cabinet. Mr. Blinken and his hosts were rushed to a bunker and sheltered there for five minutes before resuming their discussions. (There was a similar warning when Mr. Biden was touring a few blocks of Kyiv with Mr. Zelensky in February.) |
| 这次访问的安全风险周一显而易见，火箭或导弹袭击的警报在布林肯访问以色列的时候响起，这是他一周内的第二次访问，当时他正在一个军事基地与内塔尼亚胡及其战时内阁举行会议。布林肯和接待他的东道主被紧急送进一个掩体，躲避了五分钟后才继续他们的讨论。（今年2月，拜登与泽连斯基一起巡视基辅的几个街区时，也响起过类似的警报。） |
| But the physical risks in Tel Aviv were considered low enough, Mr. Kirby said, that “it was deemed appropriate that we can talk about it beforehand.” The trip to Kyiv, where there were no American forces present to back up the Secret Service, was kept secret. |
| 不过，美国认为特拉维夫已足够安全，柯比表示，因此“事先讨论此行没什么不妥”。美国在乌克兰没有驻军，不能为特勤提供支持，所以拜登访问基辅的行程是保密的。 |
| Mr. Biden has often said he feels very comfortable in Israel, as was evident during his one visit as president in July 2022. Mr. Netanyahu was out of power at the time, which was fine with Mr. Biden’s team. The administration has been in constant conflict with the Israeli leader over his efforts to strengthen his power by overhauling the judiciary, and the efforts of his far-right coalition to expand settlements in disputed lands. |
| 拜登经常说他在以色列感觉非常放松，这在2022年7月他以总统身份进行的那次访问中可见一斑。内塔尼亚胡当时没有掌权，这对拜登的班子来说不是问题。拜登政府一直与这名以色列领导人有矛盾，因为他通过改革司法机构来加强自己的权力，而且他的极右翼联合政府在有争议的土地上努力扩大定居点。 |
| Now, though, Mr. Netanyahu is at the head of a unity government that has come together specifically to prosecute the war, combining with the former Defense Minister Benny Gantz and his centrist party. Mr. Biden’s aides are hoping that the central role for Mr. Gantz, a former general who served in the Israel Defense Force for 38 years, will change the dynamic of their discussions. |
| 不过现在，内塔尼亚胡是一个联合政府的领导人，与前国防部长本尼·甘茨及他所在的中间派政党组成联合政府就是为了打好这场战争。拜登的助手们希望甘茨在联合政府中的核心作用将改变他们讨论的进程，甘茨有将军军衔，曾在以色列国防军服役38年。 |
| But Mr. Gantz campaigned against Mr. Netanyahu in 2019 by portraying himself as a hard-liner, boasting that when he was chief of staff, the top military post, “parts of Gaza were sent back to the Stone Age.” He was also accused of unnecessary civilian casualties. |
| 但甘茨在2019年与内塔尼亚胡竞选总理时曾将自己描述为一名强硬派，还吹嘘说他担任（以色列最高军事职务）国防军总参谋长时，“加沙一些地方被打回到了石器时代”。他也曾被指控造成了不必要的平民伤亡。 |
| The political risks for Mr. Biden are difficult to measure. In his first significant public effort to urge caution on Israel, Mr. Biden warned on “60 Minutes” on Sunday that “I think it’d be a big mistake” for Israel to occupy Gaza again, a step Israeli officials say they have no intention of taking. But they have not explained who would run the Gaza Strip in the absence of Hamas, or how they could keep a similar group from arising from the ashes of Gaza City. |
| 拜登面临的政治风险较难估量。拜登首次在一个重要的公开场合呼吁以色列保持谨慎是在周日的《60分钟》节目上，他警告，如果以色列再次占领加沙，“我认为那将是一个大错误”。以色列官员说，他们无意那样做。但他们还没有解释哈马斯消失后，谁来管理加沙地带，也没有解释如何防止类似哈马斯的组织在加沙城的废墟中发迹。 |
| He also cautioned that “there needs to be a Palestinian Authority; there needs to be a path to a Palestinian state.” He and others in the administration are repeating, with increasing frequency, that most Palestinians in Gaza do not support Hamas, which has controlled the slice of land now for more than 16 years. |
| 拜登还警告，“需要有一个巴勒斯坦权力机构；需要有一条通向巴勒斯坦国的道路。”他和美国政府中的其他人已多次且越来越频繁地重申，加沙的大多数巴勒斯坦人不支持哈马斯，哈马斯对加沙地带的控制已超过16年。 |
| Israeli officials are offering assurances that they will work to limit the number of civilian deaths. They blame Hamas for telling Gazans to stay in place, rather than comply with Israeli warnings to evacuate to the south — where Israel is already attacking with missiles. But several American officials have noted that the reservists called back into service by Israel largely have little training in urban warfare and are likely to shoot at anything that moves. |
| 以色列官员们正在向外界保证，他们将尽量减少平民的死亡。他们指责哈马斯告诉加沙人留在原地，而不是听从以色列的警告撤离到南部，以色列已在用导弹袭击加沙地带。但几名美国官员指出，被以色列召回服役的预备役军人大多没有接受过巷战训练，很可能会向任何移动的东西开枪。 |
| The visits by Defense Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III and Mr. Blinken, and now Mr. Biden, are partly intended to force Israeli officials to think about how to go into Gaza without getting stuck there — and without being seen as indifferent to the Palestinian civilians. So far, according to one official who has been involved in the talks, Israeli officials have said that it is too early to think about Gaza’s future because Hamas must be eliminated first. |
| 美国国防部长奥斯汀和国务卿布林肯已经访问了以色列，现在拜登也将到访，他们访问的部分目的是迫使以色列官员考虑如何进入加沙而不被困在那里的问题，同时也不要让外界将以色列视为对巴勒斯坦平民漠不关心。据一名参与了有关讨论的官员透露，到目前为止，以色列官员的说法是，现在考虑加沙的未来为时过早，因为必须首先消灭哈马斯。 |
| “Biden believes he has the moral authority here,” said Thomas R. Nides, who served as Mr. Biden’s ambassador to Israel until he resigned over the summer. “He has stood up for the state of Israel. He believes they are right to be dismantling Hamas. But he wants to show he stands for humanity, too.” |
| “拜登认为他在这里拥有道德权威，”托马斯·尼德斯说，他在今年夏天辞职前曾担任拜登政府驻以色列大使。“他一直在维护以色列这个国家。他认为他们消灭哈马斯是正确的。但他想展示他也代表人性。” |
| The result is that Mr. Biden’s aides have been trying to buy some time. Keeping American officials in Jerusalem, they note, forces Israeli officials to keep discussing their plans. Assuming that the White House makes a delay of the invasion a condition of coming, a presidential trip could give the Israelis some more time to prepare for any operation and allow more Gazans to evacuate. |
| 结果是拜登的助手们一直在努力争取一些时间。他们指出，让美国官员留在耶路撒冷将迫使以色列官员们继续讨论他们的计划。假设白宫将推迟入侵作为访问条件的话，那么总统此行会给以色列人更多的时间准备可能的行动，并让加沙人有更多的时间撤离。 |
| While Mr. Biden’s administration is working to alleviate the humanitarian crisis in Gaza, so far it has not criticized Israel’s moves to cut off electricity and food there. But Arab leaders have protested to American officials that the blockade amounts to collective punishment and is illegal under the laws of war. |
| 尽管拜登政府正在努力缓解加沙的人道主义危机，但到目前为止，美国政府还没有批评以色列切断加沙电力和粮食供应的做法。但阿拉伯领导人已向美国官员提出抗议，他们说，封锁加沙等于集体惩罚，按照战争法是非法的。 |
| Unlike other presidents who have urged restraint on Israel during past conflicts, Mr. Biden has emphasized that Israel has every right to defend itself. A visit, said Richard Fontaine, the head of the Center for a New American Security, “would be a further embrace and a reaffirmation that regime change in Gaza is the right choice.” |
| 美国以前的总统曾在发生冲突时敦促以色列保持克制，拜登与他们不同，他强调以色列完全有权保卫自己。新美国安全中心主任理查德·方丹说，此次访问“将是对加沙政权更迭是正确选择的进一步肯定和重申”。 |
| As in Ukraine, Mr. Biden has said he will support the effort with everything short of sending Americans in with Israeli forces. |
| 与乌克兰一样，拜登已表示，他将尽一切努力支持以色列，但不会派遣美国人与以色列军队一起作战。 |
| As a matter of domestic politics, the trip provides a pretty straightforward counterpoint to former President Donald J. Trump. Mr. Trump has described himself as Israel’s strongest supporter while in office. But he has criticized Mr. Netanyahu in the days since the Hamas attack, apparently because the prime minister acknowledged Mr. Biden’s election when it became clear Mr. Trump had lost. |
| 就国内政治而言，此行提供了一个与前总统特朗普相当直接的对比。特朗普曾在担任总统期间把自己描述为以色列最坚定的支持者。但自哈马斯袭击事件发生以来，他一直在批评内塔尼亚胡，显然是因为在特朗普明显输掉大选后，内塔尼亚胡承认了拜登当选总统。 |
| Mr. Trump initially praised Hezbollah as “very smart” after the massacre. He condemned the terrorist group only after he was criticized later. |
| 大屠杀发生后，特朗普最初曾称赞真主党“非常聪明”。只是在后来受到批评后，他才谴责了该恐怖组织。 |
| The Lebanese militant group clashed with Israeli forces in the days after the Hamas attack, intensifying concerns that the country could be drawn into a conflict on a second front. |
| 哈马斯袭击事件发生后的几天里，黎巴嫩激进组织与以色列军队发生了冲突，加剧了人们对以色列可能卷入第二条战线冲突的担忧。 |
| Mr. Trump’s “very smart” comments were similar to a line he used about Vladimir V. Putin after the invasion of Ukraine. |
| 特朗普“非常聪明”的说法与他在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后对普京的评论类似。 |
| “This is a way of defanging the do-you-support-Israel issue, which Republicans used to criticize Obama and then became a Trump talking point,” said Daniel Byman, a professor at Georgetown University. “This, politically, stands in contrast with Trump’s criticism of Netanyahu.” |
| “这是让‘你是否支持以色列’这个问题失去效力的办法，共和党人曾用这个问题批评奥巴马，这个问题后来成了特朗普谈话的中心，”乔治敦大学教授丹尼尔·拜曼说。“从政治上看，这与特朗普批评内塔尼亚胡形成鲜明对比。” |
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