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| In Guangdong Province, on China’s southern coast, a woman posted a photo of a boxed-up Japanese-brand air-conditioner that she planned to return in protest. In southwest China, the owner of a Japanese pub posted a video of himself ripping down anime posters and smashing bottles, saying he planned to reopen the business as a Chinese bistro. |
| 在中国南部沿海省份广东，一名女子在社交媒体上发布照片，要把买来尚未开箱的日本品牌空调退货，以示抗议。在中国西南地区经营一家日式酒吧的老板发布一段视频，里面是他把墙上贴的动漫海报撕下来、把酒瓶砸碎的画面，他说他打算关闭酒吧，将其改造为中式小酒馆重新开业。 |
| In many social media posts like these, the phrase “nuclear-contaminated wastewater” has appeared — the same wording used by the Chinese government and state media to refer to Japan’s release into the ocean of treated radioactive water from the ruined Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. |
| 中国的社交媒体上有许多类似的帖子，其中都用了“核污染水”一词，中国政府和官媒用该词描述来自被毁坏的福岛第一核电站经过处理的放射性水，日本正在将这些废水排入海洋。 |
| Even before Japan started pumping out the first tranche of more than a million tons of wastewater last week, China had mounted a coordinated campaign to spread misinformation about the safety of the release, stirring up anger and fear among millions of Chinese. |
| 早在日本从上周开始排放第一批逾100万吨废水之前，中国就已展开一场针对废水排放安全问题传播误导信息的协调运动，在数以百万计的中国人当中激起了愤怒和恐惧。 |
| The water discharge, 12 years after the nuclear plant was wrecked by a massive earthquake and tsunami, spurred China to fall back on its old playbook of fomenting diplomatic mayhem with its Asian rival. In 2012, Chinese demonstrators, apparently escorted by the police, attacked sushi restaurants after Japanese activists landed on an island that both China and Japan claim as their own. |
| 福岛核电站遭大地震和海啸毁坏12年后，废水排放已激起中国采取与亚洲竞争对手挑起外交争端的老套路。2012年，日本活动人士登上中日两国都声称拥有主权的岛屿后，中国示威者冲击了寿司餐馆，而且他们显然是在警察的护送之下。 |
| But, this time, Beijing may have a broader agenda. As the global order has shifted drastically, with China and the United States increasingly seeming to divvy up the world into an us-versus-them framework, experts say China is seeking to sow doubts about Japan’s credibility and cast its allies as conspirators in malfeasance. |
| 但中国政府这次的做法可能有更广泛的意图。随着全球秩序发生急剧变化，中国和美国似乎正在越来越多地将世界划分为“我们”与“他们”的阵营，专家表示，中国正在寻求煽动对日本可信性的怀疑，将日本的盟友们投射为违法行为的共谋者。 |
| With the United States, the European Union and Australia all supporting Japan’s water release, China wants to project a narrative that Japan and its international partners are “so driven and dominated by geopolitical interests that they are waiting to compromise basic ethical standards and international norms and ignore science,” said Tong Zhao, a senior fellow in the nuclear policy program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. |
| 美国、欧盟和澳大利亚都支持日本排放废水，中国想制造一种叙事，那就是日本及其国际伙伴们“受地缘政治利益的驱动和支配如此之强，以至于它们迫不及待地损害基本道德标准，破坏国际规范，忽视科学”，卡内基国际和平基金会的核政策项目高级研究员赵通说。 |
| “My concern,” Mr. Zhao added, “is this widening perception and information gap is going to make China feel more justified to explicitly challenge existing international narratives, institutions and order.” |
| 赵通还表示，“我担心的是，这种认知和信息鸿沟的不断扩大将让中国觉得更有理由直截了当地挑战现行的国际叙事、机构和秩序。” |
| Scientists, including Chinese experts invited to serve on a task force by the International Atomic Energy Agency, have said that Japan’s water release would have a very low effect on human health or the environment. |
| 国际原子能机构一个特别工作组的科学家们已得出结论，日本将废水排入海洋对人类健康或环境的影响非常小，这个工作组包括受邀参加的中方专家。 |
| Yet last week, China’s foreign ministry denounced Japan’s release of “nuclear-contaminated water” and suspended imports of Japanese seafood, after months of condemnations by the Chinese government and its media affiliates over Japan’s discharge plan. |
| 但在中国政府和官媒对日本的排放计划进行了几个月的指责之后，中国外交部上周对日本排放“核污染水”表示谴责，并表示暂停从日本进口海鲜。 |
| Thousands of callers from China’s country code bombarded municipal offices in Tokyo, more than 150 miles from the Fukushima plant, with harassing messages, yelling “You idiot!” or “Why do you release contaminated water?” in broken Japanese. |
| 在距离福岛核电站240公里的东京市，市政厅收到了几千个从中国打来的骚扰电话，打电话者用蹩脚的日语大喊“你们是白痴”或“你们为什么排放污染水”。 |
| According to Logically, a tech start-up that helps governments and businesses counter disinformation, social media posts mentioning Fukushima by Chinese state media, officials or pro-China influencers have increased by a factor of 15 since the beginning of the year. |
| 据一家帮助政府和企业反击虚假信息的科技初创公司 Logically表示，自今年年初以来，中国官媒、官员或支持中国的网红提及福岛的社交媒体帖子增长了15倍。 |
| The posts have not necessarily disseminated baldly false information so much as left out crucial details, like the fact that Japan is removing virtually all of the radioactive material before discharging the water. They also do not acknowledge that Chinese nuclear power plants themselves discharge wastewater with much higher levels of radioactive material than the water coming out of Fukushima. |
| 这些帖子不一定都直接传播虚假信息，而是故意遗漏一些关键细节，比如日本在排放废水之前已将所有放射性物质几乎全部清除。这些帖子也不提中国国内的核电站也排放废水，这些废水中的放射性物质含量比从福岛排出的高得多。 |
| The state-owned China Central Television and China Global Television Network have run paid ads denouncing the water release on Facebook or Instagram in multiple countries and languages, including English, German and Khmer. |
| 官方的中央电视台和中国环球电视网已在多个国家的Facebook或Instagram平台上投放了英语、德语、高棉语等多种语言的付费广告，谴责日本排放废水。 |
| The global outreach suggests China is trying to recruit more countries to its side in what has often been likened to a new Cold War. “The main point is not whether seafood coming from Japan is safe,” said Hamsini Hariharan, an expert on China for Logically. “This is part of China’s effort to say the current world order is flawed.” |
| 这个全球范围的努力表明，中国正试图将更多的国家拉入自己的阵营，这种情况常被比作“新冷战”。“重点不是来自日本的海鲜是否安全，”Logically的中国问题专家哈姆西尼·哈里哈兰说。“这是中国在努力表明当前世界秩序存在缺陷。” |
| Chinese information sources have emphasized early failures by the Japanese government and Tokyo Electric Power Company, which operated the Fukushima plant, to report how much of the water had been treated in a powerful filtration system. |
| 中国传播的信息一直强调以前的问题，日本政府和经营福岛核电站的东京电力公司在早期没有报告多少受污染水已经过高效过滤系统的处理。 |
| According to the power company’s website, just 30 percent of the approximately 1.3 million tons of water in holding tanks at the site has been fully treated to the point that only tritium — an isotope of hydrogen that experts say poses a low risk to human health — remains. The company, known as Tepco, has said it will not release any water before it is fully treated. |
| 据东京电力公司网站，存放在福岛的蓄水罐中的近130万吨水中，只有30%得到了充分处理，也就是处理过的水中只含有氚，专家们说这种氢同位素对人类健康构成的风险低。东京电力公司已表示，在经过充分处理之前不会排放任何水。 |
| In tests taken by several Japanese government agencies and Tepco, the water released starting last week contained scant amounts of tritium, far below the standard set by the World Health Organization. There is more tritium in water being discharged by nuclear power plants in China and in South Korea, where protesters have also condemned the Japanese release. |
| 日本多个政府机构和东京电力公司对处理过的水进行的测试显示，上周开始排放的水中只含有极少量的氚，远低于世界卫生组织设定的标准。中国和韩国的核电站排放的废水中含有更多的氚，韩国抗议者也谴责日本将废水排入海洋。 |
| With a monitoring network that includes the International Atomic Energy Agency and experts from numerous countries, “the international pressure is really high on the government in Japan,” said Kai Vetter, a professor of nuclear engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, who has studied the environmental and social impacts of the Fukushima disaster. |
| 由于有一个包括国际原子能机构和来自多个国家的专家在内的监测网，“日本政府承受的国际压力真的很大”，加州大学伯克利分校核工程学系教授凯·维特说，他研究过福岛灾难的环境和社会影响。 |
| Hirokazu Matsuno, the chief cabinet secretary to Japan’s prime minister, Fumio Kishida, said on Monday that Japan had “made counterarguments many times against information, including contents which are not factual, that have been released from China.” |
| 日本首相岸田文雄的内阁官房长官松野博和周一表示，日本已“多次针对中国发布的包括不实内容的信息提出了反驳”。 |
| Part of the challenge for Japan, where the foreign ministry is using the hashtag #LetTheScienceTalk on X, the social media platform formerly known as Twitter, is that the science is difficult for average citizens to comprehend and that people often react emotionally to such events. |
| 日本外务省正在社交媒体平台X（以前叫Twitter）上使用#LetTheScienceTalk的话题标签，日本面临的部分挑战在于，普通老百姓很难理解有关的科学，而且人们常常对这类事件做出情绪化的反应。 |
| “It’s understandable that people worry and are fearful of something they don’t know well,” said Ittaka Kishida, a professor at Aoyama Gakuin University in Tokyo who studies the sociology and history of nuclear physics. “They just have to trust what experts explain, even though they haven’t seen it or can’t confirm it with their own eyes.” |
| “人们对自己不了解的东西感到担心和害怕可以理解，”在东京的青山学院大学研究社会学和核物理史的教授岸田一隆说。“他们只能相信专家们的解释，尽管他们没有看到或无法亲眼证实。” |
| The lack of scientific understanding leaves the door open for misinformation, especially in tightly controlled Chinese information channels. In China, where residents have faced decades of anxiety about food safety, the authorities can tap into that vulnerability to manipulate the public and whip up fears, said Kyle Walter, head of research at Logically. |
| 缺乏科学理解为传播不实信息敞开了大门，尤其是在严格控制信息渠道的中国。中国的居民几十年来一直面临着食品安全问题，当局能利用居民的这种担忧来操纵公众情绪，煽动恐惧感，Logically的研究主管凯尔·沃尔特说。 |
| Still, some critics say Japan has not always helped itself. They have questioned whether Tepco can be trusted to follow through on its commitment to remove most of the radioactive material from the water over the 30 years of the planned discharge. And they say surrounding countries should have been consulted before Japan announced the decision to release the wastewater. |
| 尽管如此，一些批评人士说，日本的做法并不总对自己有帮助。他们对东京电力公司能否信守承诺表示怀疑，东京电力公司承诺在排放前把绝大部分放射性物质从水中清除，计划用30年的时间全部排完。他们还说，日本在宣布排放废水的决定之前，本该征求一下周边国家的意见。 |
| “China is exaggerating the risk because Japan gave them the opportunity to do that,” said Azby Brown, the lead researcher for the environmental monitoring organization Safecast, which has tracked radiation levels in Fukushima since the disaster. Because of the “lack of international consultation” early on, he said, “they should have expected that China and Korea would have justifiable questions to raise.” |
| “中国正在夸大风险，因为日本给了他们这样做的机会，”环境监测组织Safecast的首席研究员阿兹比·布朗说，该组织自灾难发生以来一直在跟踪福岛的辐射水平。他说，由于先前“缺乏国际协商，他们本该预料到中国和韩国有理由提出问题”。 |
| In China, there have been flickers of pushback against the government’s propaganda. Liu Su, a science blogger, wrote of a “nationalist narrative” related to Japan’s colonial-era abuses, in which the country is “forever denied genuine forgiveness and any criticism toward Japan is deemed reasonable and just.” He deleted the post from a social media platform after a user reported him to the authorities in Shanghai for “inappropriate speech.” |
| 中国偶尔也有抵制政府宣传的声音。科普博主刘苏（音）在一篇博文中提到与日本殖民时代暴行有关的“民族主义叙事”，他在文中写道，日本“永远得不到真正的宽恕，对日本的任何批评都被认为是合理公正的”。一名用户向上海当局举报他“发表不当言论”后，该博主将帖子从社交媒体平台上删除。 |
| South Korean officials have sought to debunk some of the outlandish claims circulating on social media. |
| 韩国官员已设法驳斥社交媒体上流传的一些极其荒诞的说法。 |
| After a photo showing a patch of discolored water near the Fukushima plant spread widely in South Korea last week, Park Koo-yeon, a government official, described it as fake news, noting that the photo had been taken eight minutes before the discharge even began. |
| 一张显示福岛核电站附近有一片变了颜色的水的照片上周在韩国网上疯传后，政府官员朴具彦（音）称之为假新闻，并指出，这张照片的拍摄时间比开始排放的时间早八分钟。 |
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