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特朗普式“双标”:总统家族可以从外国收钱吗
To Trump, Foreign Business Is Scandalous, Unless It’s His Own

来源:纽约时报    2023-08-23 04:40



        After his fourth indictment, bringing his total count of felony charges to 91, former President Donald J. Trump last week posted a video online accusing President Biden and his family of being criminals.        在遭到第四宗起诉后,前总统特朗普的重罪指控总数达到91项。上周,他在网上发布了一段视频,指责拜登总统及其家人是罪犯。
        “The Biden crime family,” he claimed, had received millions of dollars from foreign countries. “I believe we have a compromised president,” Mr. Trump said, adding: “He’s a Manchurian candidate. That’s why Crooked Joe is letting other countries walk all over the United States.”        他声称,“拜登犯罪家族”从外国获得了数以百万计的美元。“我相信我们的总统已经被搞定了,”特朗普说,他还说:“他是傀儡。这就是为什么奸人乔让别的国家在美国横行霸道。”
        For Mr. Trump, outrage is a selective commodity when it comes to presidential families taking millions of dollars from foreign countries. During his four years in the White House and in the more than two and a half years since, Mr. Trump and his relatives have been on the receiving end of money from around the globe in sums far greater than anything Hunter Biden, the president’s son, reportedly collected.        对特朗普来说,涉及总统家族从外国收取数百万美元这种事的时候,愤怒是选择性的。在他入主白宫的四年里,以及此后两年半多的时间里,特朗普和他的亲眷从全球各地收到的钱远远超过了据报道拜登总统之子亨特·拜登所收的钱。
        Unlike other modern presidents, Mr. Trump never gave up control of his sprawling business with its interests in multiple countries, nor did he forswear foreign business even as president. He shattered norms in his money making and unabashed boosting of his family’s company. The luxury hotel he opened down the street from the White House, for example, became the favored destination for lobbyists, dealmakers and foreign governments, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Bahrain, which paid handsomely for accommodations, galas and more.        与其他现代总统不同,特朗普从未放弃对他在多个国家拥有利益的庞大企业的控制,即使在担任总统期间,他也没有放弃外国业务。他在赚钱方面打破常规,毫不掩饰地推动其家族企业的发展。例如,他在跟白宫一条街的地方开了一家豪华酒店,成为游说者、交易撮合者和沙特阿拉伯、科威特和巴林等外国政府青睐的地点,这些政府在该酒店为住宿、晚会等支付了大笔费用。
        Mr. Trump also permitted his family to take positions in government that blurred the lines when it came to their private interests. Unlike Hunter Biden, Mr. Trump’s daughter Ivanka Trump and son-in-law Jared Kushner both served on the White House staff, where they could shape policies of concern to overseas businesses.        特朗普还允许他的家人在政府中担任职务,从而模糊了公职与私人利益的界限。与亨特·拜登不同,特朗普的女儿伊万卡·特朗普和女婿贾里德·库什纳都曾担任白宫幕僚,可以制定与海外企业有关的政策。
        Mr. Kushner was heavily involved in setting the administration’s approach to the Middle East and made multiple contacts in the region. After turning in his White House badge, Mr. Kushner started a private equity firm with $2 billion in funds from Saudi Arabia and hundreds of millions more from other Arab countries that stood to benefit from U.S. policies and have an interest in a possible second Trump administration.        库什纳积极参与制定政府的中东政策,并在该地区进行了多次接触。交出白宫徽章后,库什纳创办了一家私募股权公司,从沙特阿拉伯获得20亿美元资金,从其他阿拉伯国家获得数亿美元,这些国家可能会从美国的政策中受益,并对可能的第二届特朗普政府感兴趣。
        “The Trump family foreign commercial entanglements were far more numerous, involving dozens of foreign business conflicts,” said Norman Eisen, a lawyer who led unsuccessful court challenges to the former president’s practice of taking foreign money while in office.        “特朗普家族在外国的商业纠葛要多得多,涉及数十起外国商业冲突,”律师诺曼·艾森说。他曾在法庭上对这位前总统在任期间接受外国资金的做法发起挑战,但没有成功。
        The entanglements “implicated those like Jared and Ivanka who were actually working in government, whereas Hunter never did,” Mr. Eisen added. “Indeed, Trump himself openly benefited, whereas there’s not a shred of evidence that Biden the elder ever did.”        这种纠葛“牵涉到像贾里德和伊万卡这样实际上在政府工作的人,而亨特从来没有牵涉这种事,”艾森还说。“事实上,特朗普本人公开从中受益,而没有丝毫证据表明老拜登从中受益。”
        Hunter Biden’s business dealings have raised concerns because testimony and reports have indicated that he traded on his family name to generate lucrative deals. A former business partner has told congressional investigators that the younger Biden parlayed “the illusion of access to his father” to win over potential partners.        亨特·拜登的商业交易引起了人们的关注,因为证词和报道表明,他利用自己的家族姓氏来进行交易,赚取丰厚利润。一位前商业伙伴告诉国会调查人员,亨特利用了“能与其父接触的幻觉”来赢得潜在的合作伙伴。
        No hard evidence has emerged that Mr. Biden, while vice president, personally participated in or profited from the business deals or used his office to benefit his son’s partners.        目前没有确凿的证据表明,拜登本人在担任副总统期间亲自参与了这些商业交易,或从中获利,或利用职权为他儿子的合伙人谋利。
        But Mr. Biden’s statements distancing himself from his son’s activities have been undercut by testimony indicating that Hunter put his father on speakerphone with international business associates; the future president talked about casual things like the weather, not business, according to testimony, but it seemed intended to impress Hunter’s associates.        但拜登的声明称他与儿子的活动保持了距离,这与一些证词相左,这些证词表明,亨特曾让他的父亲与国际商业伙伴通过免提电话交谈;根据证词,当时尚未当选总统的拜登天谈论的是天气之类的休闲话题,而不是生意,但这似乎是为了给亨特的合作伙伴留下深刻印象。
        All of which would typically generate scrutiny in Washington, where relatives of presidents have long taken advantage of their positions to make money. Access and celebrity are coins of the realm in the nation’s capital, and a relative who frequents Camp David, enjoys a good seat at a state dinner or rides Air Force One can get phone calls returned. This tradition has turned off many Americans, and even Democrats privately voice discomfort at Hunter Biden’s activities.        在华盛顿,总统亲属利用职务之便牟利的现象由来已久,所有这一切通常都会引起严格审查。在这个国家的首都,人脉和名气是王国的通货,总统的亲属如果经常出入戴维营,在国宴上获得个好座位,或乘坐空军一号,都会获得很多人脉。这一传统让许多美国人反感,甚至民主党人私下里也对亨特·拜登的活动也表示不满。
        “If he traded on his father’s influence, he should be held accountable for that,” Representative Jim Himes, Democrat of Connecticut, said on MSNBC recently. “And I’m emphasizing this because you never, ever heard a Republican say the same thing about Donald Trump or his family.”        “如果他利用了父亲的影响力,他应该为此负责,”康涅狄格州民主党众议员吉姆·希姆斯最近在MSNBC上说。“我之所以强调这一点,是因为你从来没有听过共和党人对唐纳德·特朗普或他的家人说过同样的话。”
        Republicans investigating the Bidens say they made more than $20 million from foreign sources in China, Ukraine and elsewhere, but a Washington Post analysis of congressional memos indicated that most of the money went to business associates, with $7 million going to the Bidens themselves, mainly Hunter.        调查拜登父子的共和党人表示,这对父子从中国、乌克兰和其他地方的外国渠道赚了2000多万美元,但《华盛顿邮报》对国会备忘录的分析显示,大部分钱都流向商业伙伴,其中700万美元流向了拜登父子自己,主要是亨特。
        “What both Hunter and Jared have in common is that they are the well-educated sons of prominent people, and that their familial ties certainly helped them in business,” said Don Fox, a former general counsel of the U.S. Office of Government Ethics. “That is where the similarities end.”        “亨特和贾里德的共同点是,他们都是受过良好教育的知名人士的儿子,他们的家庭关系当然对他们的商业生涯有所帮助,”前美国政府道德办公室总法律顾问唐·福克斯说。“相似之处仅此而已。”
        “Hunter never held public office, and a fair amount of his work involving Ukraine occurred when his father was out of office,” Mr. Fox continued. The amount of money that Mr. Kushner could earn from the funds invested by the Saudis, he added, “dwarfs what anyone ever paid Hunter.”        “亨特从未担任过公职,他在乌克兰的大量工作都是在他父亲卸任后进行的,”福克斯还说。他还说,库什纳可以从沙特人的投资中赚到的钱,“让任何付给亨特的钱都相形见绌”。
        The analogy to Hunter Biden rankles Mr. Kushner, who had a long track record in business before joining government and takes pride in negotiating the Abraham Accords, the diplomatic agreements normalizing relations between Israel and several Arab neighbors.        与亨特·拜登的类比令库什纳感到不快,他在进入政府之前有长期的经商经历,并以谈判《亚伯拉罕协议》而自豪,该外交协议使以色列与几个阿拉伯邻国的关系正常化。
        People close to him argue that the investments from the Saudis and other Arabs were based on trust that he could make money for them, not out of gratitude for policies he promoted. And they noted that the Biden administration has not reversed those policies but instead sought to build on the Abraham Accords.        与他关系密切的人士辩称,来自沙特和其他阿拉伯国家的投资是基于对他能够为他们赚钱的信任,而不是出于对他推行的政策的感激。他们指出,拜登政府并没有改变这些政策,而是寻求在《亚伯拉罕协议》的基础上继续努力。
        “There is no factual comparison between Hunter and Jared,” a representative for Mr. Kushner said in a statement. “Jared was a successful businessman before entering politics, achieved historic peace and trade agreements, and like many before him, he re-entered business after serving for free in the White House, where he fully complied with the Office of Government Ethics rules.”        “亨特和贾里德之间没有事实上的可比性,”库什纳的一名代表在声明中说。“贾里德在进入政界之前是一名成功的商人,达成了历史性的和平与贸易协议,像他之前的许多人一样,他在白宫免费服务后重新进入商界,他完全遵守了政府道德办公室的规定。”
        Chad Mizelle, the chief legal officer for Affinity Partners, Mr. Kushner’s firm, said in a statement: “Partisan politics aside, no one has ever pointed to a specific legal or ethical guideline that Jared or Affinity has violated.”        库什纳的公司Affinity Partners的首席法务查德·米泽勒在声明中说:“抛开党派政治不谈,从来没有人指出贾里德或Affinity违反了具体的法律或道德准则。”
        One of the few Republicans to criticize the Trump family’s blending of government service and foreign business has been Chris Christie, the former New Jersey governor running against the former president for next year’s Republican nomination. “The Trump family have been involved in grifting for quite some time,” he said on CNN in June.        前新泽西州州长克里斯·克里斯蒂是为数不多的批评特朗普家族将政府服务与外国商业混为一谈的共和党人之一,他将与这位前总统争夺明年的共和党提名。“特朗普家族参与诈骗已经有一段时间了,”他今年6月在CNN上说。
        Mr. Christie, who as a U.S. attorney prosecuted Mr. Kushner’s father, singled out the business dealings of the former president’s son-in-law.        克里斯蒂曾作为美国检察官起诉过库什纳的父亲,他特别提到了这位前总统女婿的商业交易。
        “Jared Kushner, six months after he leaves the White House, gets $2 billion from the Saudi sovereign wealth fund,” he said. “What was Jared Kushner doing in the Middle East? We had Rex Tillerson and Mike Pompeo as secretaries of state. We didn’t need Jared Kushner. He was put there to make those relationships, and then he cashed in on those relationships when he left the office.”        “贾里德·库什纳在离开白宫六个月后,从沙特主权财富基金获得了20亿美元,”他说。“贾里德·库什纳在中东做什么?我们有雷克斯·蒂勒森和迈克·庞皮欧担任国务卿。我们不需要贾里德·库什纳。他被派到那里是为了建立这些关系,然后在他离职后利用这些关系套现。”
        While in the White House, Mr. Kushner bolstered ties between the United States and Saudi Arabia, convincing his father-in-law to make the kingdom his first foreign destination as president, helping broker billions of dollars in arms sales and forging a close relationship with Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.        在白宫任职期间,库什纳加强了美国和沙特阿拉伯之间的关系,说服他的岳父把沙特作为他担任总统后的第一个出访目的地,帮助促成了数十亿美元的武器销售,并与王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼建立了密切的关系。
        Mr. Kushner defended Prince Mohammed after Saudi operatives murdered Jamal Khashoggi, a columnist for The Post and United States resident. The C.I.A. concluded that Prince Mohammed ordered the 2018 killing. In 2021, Prince Mohammed’s sovereign wealth fund approved the $2 billion investment in Mr. Kushner’s new firm despite objections from the fund’s own advisers.        沙特特工谋杀《华盛顿邮报》专栏作家、美国居民贾马尔·卡舒吉后,库什纳出言维护穆罕默德。中情局的结论是,2018年的杀戮是穆罕默德的指示下进行的。2021年,穆罕默德的主权财富基金批准了向库什纳的新公司投资20亿美元,尽管该基金自己的顾问表示反对。
        Representative James R. Comer, Republican of Kentucky and chairman of the House Oversight Committee that is investigating the Bidens, acknowledged concerns with Mr. Kushner’s Saudi deal.        肯塔基州共和党议员、众议院监管委员会主席詹姆斯·R·科默承认了对库什纳沙特交易的关切,该委员会正在调查拜登家族的问题。
        “I think that what Kushner did crossed the line of ethics,” Mr. Comer said when asked by CNN’s Jake Tapper earlier this month. “What Christie said, it happened after he left office. Still no excuse, Jake. But it happened after he left office. And Jared Kushner actually has a legitimate business. This money from the Bidens happened while Joe Biden was vice president, while he was flying to those countries.”        “我认为库什纳的确有违操守,”科默本月早些时候在接受CNN的杰克·塔珀采访时说。“如克里斯蒂所说,那是在他离职后的事。但这不是借口,杰克。但是是在离职后的事。而且贾里德·库什纳其实是有个正当生意的。来自拜登家的这笔钱是在乔·拜登任副总统的时候,当时他正在前往那些国家。”
        In fact, as Mr. Comer’s committee reports indicate, some of Hunter Biden’s overseas money came while his father was vice president, but a significant share came afterward.        事实上,从科默的委员会报告可以看到,亨特·拜登的海外款项部分是在其父任副总统时所得,但相当一部分是在之后得到的。
        Spokesmen for Mr. Comer and Mr. Trump did not respond to requests for comment.        科默的发言人和特朗普没有回应置评请求。
        Mr. Trump has never been allergic to foreign money. Even as a candidate in 2016, he secretly pursued a deal to build a Trump Tower in Moscow until after he had effectively secured the Republican nomination. One of his lawyers reached out to the Kremlin for support for the project, the same Kremlin that Mr. Trump would interact with a few months later as president.        特朗普对外国资金从来不忌讳。2016年还是总统候选人的时候,他就悄悄运作了在莫斯科建造特朗普大厦的交易,直到他已经实际获得共和党提名后才作罢。他的一位律师联系了克里姆林宫,希望在该项目上获得支持,几个月后,特朗普将作为总统和同一个克里姆林宫打交道。
        To address concerns about foreign financial interests, Mr. Trump promised not to pursue new business overseas while in office, but he did not give up his many existing moneymaking ventures in other countries and his company, formally run by his sons Donald Trump Jr. and Eric Trump, continued to expand operations abroad.        为了打消这些外国财务利益方面的担忧,特朗普承诺任职期间不推进任何新的海外商业项目,但他并没有放弃在其他国家已有的盈利项目,他的公司以两个儿子——小唐纳德·特朗普和埃里克·特朗普——为正式的负责人,继续在海外拓展业务。
        During Mr. Trump’s four years in the White House, the Trump Organization received 66 foreign trademarks, according to a report by the Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, with most of them coming from China but others from Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Peru, the Philippines, Indonesia, Mexico, the United Arab Emirates and the European Union.        根据华盛顿公民道德责任组织的一份报告,特朗普在白宫的四年里,特朗普集团得到了66个外国注册商标,其中大多数是在中国,另外还有阿根廷、巴西、加拿大、秘鲁、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、墨西哥、阿联酋和欧盟。
        Foreign entities were good customers for Mr. Trump. While in office, 145 foreign officials from 75 governments visited Trump properties and foreign governments or affiliated groups hosted 13 events at his hotels and resorts, according to the ethics group report.        外国实体是特朗普的优质客户。据该报告,任职期间,来自75个国家政府的145名外国官员光顾了特朗普名下的产业,外国政府或附属组织在他的酒店和度假村举办了13场活动。
        While Mr. Trump in last week’s video described Mr. Biden as a puppet of the Chinese, falsely claiming that “China has paid him a fortune,” his own family has had significant financial ties to Beijing. Beyond the trademarks, Forbes calculated that a Trump business during his presidency collected at least $5.4 million in rent from the state-controlled Industrial and Commercial Bank of China.        特朗普在上周的视频中形容拜登是中国的傀儡,并谬称“中国给了他一大笔钱”,他自己的家人却与北京有着紧密的财务联系。除了注册商标,福布斯估计特朗普的一处产业在他任职期间从中国国有的工商银行那里获得了至少540万美元的租金。
        Mr. Kushner’s family negotiated with Chinese and Qatari entities to rescue its debt-saddled Manhattan tower at 666 Fifth Avenue, eventually brokering a $1.1 billion lease deal with an American company whose investors included Qatar’s sovereign wealth fund. (By that time, Mr. Kushner had sold his share of the tower to a family trust of which he was not a beneficiary, and people involved in the deal said the Qataris did not know about the deal before it was made.)        库什纳的家人与来自中国和卡塔尔的实体谈判,以求拯救其在第五大道666号的那座深受债务困扰的曼哈顿大厦,最终与一家美国公司达成了11亿美元的租赁协议,该公司的投资人包括卡塔尔的主权财富基金。(当时库什纳已经将自己在该大厦的股份出售给一个家族信托基金,且他不是该基金的受益人,参与该交易运作的人说,在达成交易前,卡塔尔人对此并不知情。)
        Ivanka Trump, for her part, initially kept her own clothing and accessories line while serving on the White House staff and received approval for 16 trademarks from China in 2018 before later deciding to shut down the business.        伊万卡·特朗普在进入白宫任职之初并未放弃她的服装饰品品牌,并在2018年得到了16个中国注册商标,之后才决定关闭她的业务。
        Despite lawsuits by Mr. Eisen and others alleging violations of the Constitution’s emoluments clause, none of the Trump family’s overseas deal making was ever determined to be illegal by any authority. Nor has any of Hunter Biden’s.        尽管艾森等人的诉讼认为存在违反宪法外国薪酬条款的行为,没有任何当局认定特朗普家族的任何海外交易违法。亨特·拜登的交易也是如此。
        But in Mr. Trump’s telling, one is enough to compromise a president and the other is not something to talk about.        但在特朗普看来,一种情况足以毁掉一位总统的信誉,另一种情况则是不值得一提的。
                
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