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| Yevgeny V. Prigozhin, the founder of the Wagner mercenary group who staged an aborted mutiny against Russia’s military leadership in June, in one of the most dramatic challenges to President Vladimir V. Putin’s rule in decades, was listed as a passenger on a plane that crashed on Wednesday in Russia, killing everyone on board, the nation’s aviation authorities said. |
| 瓦格纳雇佣军集团的创始人叶夫根尼·普里戈任于今年6月发动了一场反对俄罗斯军方领导层的叛变，但最终失败。这是几十年来对普京总统统治的最戏剧性挑战之一。俄罗斯航空当局表示，他被列入了周三在俄罗斯坠毁的一架飞机的乘客名单，机上人员全部遇难。 |
| Mr. Prigozhin’s fate was not immediately known. A passenger manifest released by the Russian authorities showed his name and that of Wagner’s top commander, Dmitri Utkin, among the seven passengers and three crew members. And Grey Zone, a Telegram account associated with the Wagner group, said that Mr. Prigozhin had been killed. But there was no official confirmation of his death from Wagner or the Russian authorities. |
| 普里戈任是生是死目前还无法确定。俄罗斯当局公布的乘客名单显示，在七名乘客和三名机组人员中，包括他和瓦格纳最高指挥官德米特里·乌特金的名字。与瓦格纳集团有关联的Telegram账户“灰色地带”表示，普里戈任已经遇难。但瓦格纳和俄罗斯当局都没有正式证实他的死亡。 |
| Russia’s aviation authority offered no comment on the reason for the crash, and announced that it had created a special commission to investigate “the circumstances and causes of the accident.” |
| 俄罗斯航空当局没有对坠机原因发表评论，并宣布已成立特别委员会，调查“事故的情况和原因”。 |
| Mr. Prigozhin, a catering entrepreneur turned outspoken tycoon who built the private Wagner paramilitary force that has fought on Russia’s behalf in Ukraine and across Africa, instigated the rebellion with his Wagner forces after railing for months in audio and video clips against Russia’s military leaders. |
| 普里戈任曾是一名餐饮企业家，后来成为口无遮拦的大亨，创建了私人准军事武装瓦格纳，在乌克兰和非洲各地代表俄罗斯作战。几个月来，普里戈任在音频和视频片段中抨击俄罗斯军方领导人，随后他和自己的瓦格纳部队煽动了叛乱。 |
| He complained publicly and profanely that they were incompetents and back-stabbers, and that Wagner deserved credit for battlefield successes in Mr. Putin’s war in Ukraine. In launching the mutiny, he insisted, however, that he was not aiming at Mr. Putin, but rather at the defense minister, Sergei K. Shoigu, and Russia’s top uniformed military officers, who he said were bungling the war. |
| 他满口脏话地公开抱怨那些领导人是暗箭伤人的无能之辈，还说，普京在乌克兰战争中取得的战场胜利应该归功于瓦格纳。然而，他坚称发动兵变不是针对普京，而是针对国防部长谢尔盖·绍伊古和俄军高级军官，他说他们在战争中贻误战机。 |
| In a stunning move, Wagner’s fighters took over the Russian city of Rostov-on-Don and began a march on Moscow in June, riveting the world. But just as abruptly as it started, the mutiny was called off by Mr. Prigozhin, who agreed to withdraw from Rostov-on-Don under a deal that would supposedly drop any charges and allow Mr. Prigozhin and fighters loyal to him to decamp for neighboring Belarus. |
| 瓦格纳的武装人员采取惊人的行动，占领了俄罗斯的顿河畔罗斯托夫市，并于6月开始向莫斯科进军，吸引了全世界的目光。不过，就像兵变的开始一样，普里戈任突然又宣布中止行动。他同意按照一项协议撤出顿河畔罗斯托夫，据说该协议将撤销任何指控，并允许普里戈任以及忠于他的战士逃往邻国白俄罗斯。 |
| The Kremlin launched what many analysts considered a low-key crackdown in response to the mutiny. But many observers speculated that Mr. Prigozhin’s betrayal was tantamount to a death sentence. |
| 克里姆林宫对兵变进行了一场很多分析人士认为较为低调的镇压。但许多观察人士猜测，普里戈任的背叛无异于给自己下了死刑判决。 |
| American officials said they could not confirm Mr. Prigozhin had been killed in the plane crash, or why the jet went down. |
| 美国官员表示，他们无法证实普里戈任已在飞机失事中丧生，也无法证实飞机坠毁的原因。 |
| When asked if he thought Mr. Putin was behind the plane crash, President Biden responded: “There’s not much that happens in Russia that Putin’s not behind. But I don’t know enough to know the answer.” |
| 当拜登总统被问及他是否认为普京是这起空难的幕后黑手时，他回答：“在俄罗斯，没有什么事情不是普京在幕后操纵的。但我知道的还不够多，无法知道答案。” |
| The plane crash happened only hours after Russian state media reported a separate, public blow against another figure suspected of being connected to the mutiny: Gen. Sergei Surovikin, a former commander who helped shore up Russia’s defenses in Ukraine, was removed from his post as the chief of Russia’s Air Force. |
| 就在飞机失事发生几个小时前，俄罗斯官方媒体报道了谢尔盖·苏罗维金将军被免去俄罗斯空军司令的消息，苏罗维金作为指挥官参与了乌克兰战场上俄军防线的构筑，这是另一位涉嫌与叛变有关的人物遭到公开打击。 |
| Analysts have described General Surovikin — called “General Armageddon” for his ruthless tactics — as a brutally effective leader in a Russian military that even many cheerleaders of the war have described as riddled with incompetence. But his links to Mr. Prigozhin appeared to precipitate his fall from grace. |
| 苏罗维金因其毫不留情的战术被人称为“末日将军”，分析人士称，即使是战争的支持者也认为俄罗斯军队能力拙劣，而他在这样的军队中是一位冷酷高效的领导人。但他与普里戈任的关系似乎加速了他的失势。 |
| American officials said the general had advance knowledge of the Wagner rebellion, and he has not been seen in public since the mutiny. The Russian news agency RIA Novosti reported on Wednesday that he “is now on a short vacation.” |
| 美国官员表示，这位将军事先知晓瓦格纳兵变，并且自兵变以来就没有在公开场合露面。俄罗斯通讯社俄新社周三报道称，他“现在正在休短假”。 |
| Col. Gen. Viktor Afzalov, chief of the Air Force’s general staff, was named the acting commander, it reported. |
| 据报道，空军总参谋长维克托·阿夫扎洛夫上将被任命为代司令。 |
| Even after the mutiny, Mr. Prigozhin, 62, seemed to move about freely in recent weeks, and even met with Mr. Putin at the Kremlin on June 29. On Monday, Mr. Prigozhin released a brief video message online, hinting that he was in Africa, even though the video recording’s timing and location were unclear. Dressed in fatigues and holding an assault rifle, he said that Wagner was “making Russia even greater, on all continents, and Africa even more free.” |
| 即使在兵变之后，62岁的普里戈任最近几周似乎仍能自由行动，甚至于6月29日在克里姆林宫会见了普京。周一，普里戈任在网上发布了一段简短的视频信息，暗示他在非洲，尽管视频录制的时间和地点尚不清楚。他身着迷彩服，手持突击步枪，说瓦格纳“正在让俄罗斯变得更加强大，增强俄罗斯在各大洲的势力，让非洲变得更自由”。 |
| Despite the uncertainty around the plane crash and Mr. Prigozhin’s fate, U.S. intelligence agencies said they had been surprised that Mr. Putin had not yet taken action against the Wagner leader after his mutiny. |
| 尽管飞机失事和普里戈任的生死尚存不确定性，但美国情报机构表示，令他们惊讶的是普京在这位瓦格纳领导人兵变后一直未对其采取行动。 |
| In July, William J. Burns, the C.I.A. director, said that a “complicated dance” with Mr. Putin had developed. Mr. Prigozhin traveled between Russia and Belarus, where President Aleksandr G. Lukashenko had offered Mr. Prigozhin and his fighters refuge, and other locations. But Mr. Burns predicted that Mr. Putin would move against Mr. Prigozhin. |
| 7月，中央情报局局长威廉·J·伯恩斯表示，在这之前，可以看到一种与普京的“复杂互动”，普里戈任往返于俄罗斯、白俄罗斯和其他地方，在白俄罗斯，亚历山大·G·卢卡申科总统向普里戈任及其战士提供了避难所。但伯恩斯预计普京会对普里戈任采取行动。 |
| “Putin is someone who generally thinks that revenge is a dish best served cold,” Mr. Burns said at the Aspen Security Forum in Colorado last month. “So he’s going to try to settle the situation to the extent he can. But, again, in my experience, Putin is the ultimate apostle of payback. So I would be surprised if Prigozhin escapes further retribution for this.” |
| “普京是那种认为君子报仇十年不晚的人，”伯恩斯上个月在科罗拉多州举行的阿斯彭安全论坛上表示。“所以他会尽其所能稳定这个局面。但又说回来，根据我的经验，普京是最执著于报复的人。所以，如果普里戈任接下来能继续逃脱惩罚，我会很惊讶。” |
| The plane that listed Mr. Prigozhin as a passenger on Wednesday left Moscow’s Sheremetyevo airport about 6 p.m. local time, bound for St. Petersburg. It went down less than 100 miles to the northwest, near the city of Tver. RIA Novosti posted an unconfirmed video, widely shared on social media, that purports to show the plane tumbling from the sky, smoke billowing. |
| 这架乘客名单上有普里戈任的飞机于当地时间下午6点左右离开莫斯科谢列梅捷沃机场，前往圣彼得堡，向西北方向飞行不到160公里时坠毁，失事地点靠近特维尔市。俄新社发布了一段未经证实的视频，该视频在社交媒体上广泛传播，显示飞机冒着浓烟从空中坠落。 |
| Video shared on the Telegram messaging app appeared to show the aircraft burning on the ground. The paint and a partial registration number, RA-02795, visible on the aircraft in the video, an Embraer Legacy 600 business jet, align with a jet that Mr. Prigozhin is known to use. |
| 在Telegram上转发的视频中，飞机在地面上燃烧。视频中的飞机是一架巴西航空工业公司莱格赛600公务机，机身上可以看到喷漆和部分注册号RA-02795，与已知普里戈任使用的一架喷气式飞机一致。 |
| Ten bodies were recovered at the crash site, RIA Novosti reported, citing Russian Emergency Services officials. The state television channel Rossiya-24 cited the authorities as saying that seven passengers and three crew members had been on the plane. |
| 俄新社援引俄罗斯紧急服务官员的话说，在坠机现场发现了10具尸体。国家电视台俄罗斯24援引当局的话称，飞机上有7名乘客和3名机组人员。 |
| Mr. Putin did not comment immediately on the crash. Around the time the news broke, Russian television broadcast live footage of his appearance in the Kursk region to honor the 80th anniversary of the Soviet Union’s victory over Nazi Germany. |
| 普京没有立即对坠机事件发表评论。消息传出后，俄罗斯电视台现场直播了普京在库尔斯克地区纪念苏联战胜纳粹德国80周年的画面。 |
| “I heartily congratulate all citizens of Russia on this event,” Mr. Putin said while standing onstage in front of an orchestra. |
| “我借此活动衷心祝贺所有俄罗斯公民，”普京站在管弦乐队前的舞台上说道。 |
| Officials in Ukraine, which has suffered steep losses of life and has seen villages, towns and cities devastated by Mr. Putin’s 18-month war, were also cautious about saying exactly what had happened. But Andriy Yermak, the head of the president’s office, posted what appeared to be a thinly veiled reference to the crash on his Telegram account: an audio link to the song “Highway to Hell.” |
| 乌克兰官员对如何描述该事件持谨慎态度。乌克兰在普京长达18个月的战争中遭受了惨重的生命损失，村庄、城镇和城市遭到破坏。但总统办公室主任安德烈·耶尔马克在他的Telegram账户上发布了歌曲《通往地狱的高速公路》的音乐链接，几乎没有掩饰对坠机事件的指涉。 |
| A spokeswoman for the U.S. National Security Council, Adrienne Watson, said that if Mr. Prigozhin’s death was confirmed, “no one should be surprised.” She added, “The disastrous war in Ukraine led to a private army marching on Moscow, and now, it would seem, to this.” |
| 美国国家安全委员会发言人艾德丽安·沃森表示，如果普里戈任的死亡得到证实，“任何人都不应该感到惊讶”。她补充道，“乌克兰灾难性的战争导致一支私人军队向莫斯科进军，而现在看来，又导致了这一事件。” |
| Some Russian bloggers and other pro-Moscow voices warned against concluding that Mr. Prigozhin was dead, much less that he had been killed deliberately. The pro-war Russian military blog Arkhangel Spetsnaz urged its more than 900,000 followers on Telegram to “leave all conjectures and investigations for later.” The post added, “The enemy takes advantage of every destabilizing situation.” |
| 一些俄罗斯博主和其他亲莫斯科的声音警告不要得出普里戈任已死的结论，更不要现在就说他是被蓄意谋杀的。支持战争的俄罗斯军事博客“大天使特种部队”(Arkhangel Spetsnaz)在Telegram上敦促其超过90万粉丝“把所有猜测和调查留到后面”。帖子还说，“敌人会利用每一个不稳定的局势。” |
| But Grey Zone, the blog close to the Wagner group, reported that Mr. Prigozhin and Mr. Utkin, his top commander, had been killed. |
| 但与瓦格纳集团关系密切的博客“灰色地带”报道称，普里戈任和他的最高指挥官乌特金已被杀。 |
| Mr. Prigozhin “died as a result of the actions of traitors of Russia,” a post by Grey Zone said. “But even in hell, he will be the best!” |
| 灰色地带的一篇帖子称，普里戈任“因俄罗斯叛徒的行为而死”。“但即使在地狱，他也将是最棒的！” |
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