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| The European Commission on Tuesday unveiled a new trade doctrine aimed at curbing China’s ability to squeeze Europe’s economy, and at preventing European companies from exporting sensitive, military-linked technology that could give China an edge. |
| 欧盟委员会周二公布了一项新的贸易原则，旨在遏制中国挤压欧洲经济的能力，并防止欧洲公司对华出口与军事相关、可能给中国带来优势的敏感技术。 |
| The policy, still in its early stages, highlights how the European Union is seeking to align itself with the United States in limiting China’s access to sensitive markets and industrial secrets. It also reflects growing concerns about Beijing’s deepening alliance with Moscow. |
| 该政策仍处于早期阶段，凸显欧盟在限制中国进入敏感市场和获得行业机密方面寻求与美国保持一致。它也反映出人们越来越担忧北京与莫斯科之间不断深化的联盟。 |
| The announcement in Brussels came in a busy week for Europe-China relations. The Chinese premier, Li Qiang, is visiting Germany, where he met with Chancellor Olaf Scholz and business leaders on Tuesday before heading to meetings in France. |
| 布鲁塞尔宣布这一消息正值欧中关系往来频繁的一周。中国总理李强正在访问德国，周二与德国总理奥拉夫·朔尔茨和商界领袖会晤，之后前往法国参加会议。 |
| The initiative also underscores how the European Union, one of the world’s biggest economies and a key trade partner to both China and the United States, is trying to manage its economic dependence on Beijing and avoid the kind of economic breakup with Russia that followed the invasion of Ukraine. |
| 该倡议还强调了作为世界最大的经济体之一、中国和美国的重要贸易伙伴的欧盟正在努力管理其对北京的经济依赖，并且力图避免出现乌克兰遭入侵后欧盟与俄罗斯之间的那种经济决裂。 |
| The commission, the European Union’s executive branch, said in a 14-page document that poor coordination among the member states and weak trade rules could allow adversaries to have an economic chokehold over E.U. economies or manufacturers, and needed to be urgently addressed. |
| 该委员会是欧盟的行政部门，它在一份14页的文件中表示，成员国之间协调不力和贸易规则薄弱可能会让对手在经济上钳制欧盟经济体或制造商，因此需要紧急解决。 |
| “More than ever our national security is deeply intertwined with our ability to be economically safe and resilient,” the paper said. |
| 该文件称：“我们的国家安全与我们保持经济安全和弹性的能力比以往任何时候都紧密地连接在一起。” |
| The document didn’t once mention China, or any specific countries, but rather made reference to “destinations of concern that operate civil-military fusion strategies.” |
| 该文件完全没有提到中国或任何具体国家，但提到了“实施军民融合战略的有关国家”。 |
| Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, said in comments to reporters that the policy was “country agnostic” and wasn’t aimed at overhauling how the bloc engaged with economic powers. Rather, she said, “we’re looking at a limited, small set of cutting-edge technologies,” adding: “And here, we want to make sure that they do not enhance the military capacities of some countries of concern.” |
| 欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩在对记者的评论中表示，该政策“非针对某个特定国家”，也并非旨在彻底改革欧盟与经济大国打交道的方式。相反，她说，“我们考虑的是一组有限的、小规模的尖端技术。”她还说：“在这里，我们希望确保它们不会增强一些相关国家的军事能力。” |
| But European diplomats said the proposed economic strategy was clearly about China. They said it would probably take several months of debate before it became concrete policy but was an essential first step toward preventing economic goals from undermining the European Union’s security. |
| 但欧洲外交官表示，这一拟议中的经济战略显然是关于中国的。他们表示，它可能需要几个月的辩论才能成为具体政策，但这是防止经济目标破坏欧盟安全的重要第一步。 |
| Still, diplomats said the bloc’s biggest economic powers — Germany, France, Italy and the Netherlands — were not eager for what could be disruptive intervention from Brussels in their critical economic relationships with China. Those concerns could set the scene for a watering-down of the commission’s proposals. |
| 尽管如此，外交官们表示，在与中国的重要经济关系方面，欧盟最大的经济强国——德国、法国、意大利和荷兰——并不急于接受布鲁塞尔可能具有破坏性的干预。这些担忧可能导致该委员会的提案被淡化。 |
| The meetings in Germany on Tuesday were muted and avoided the elephant in the room: the German economy’s dependence on China. More than a million German jobs depend directly on China, and almost half of German manufacturers rely on China for some part of their supply chain. |
| 周二在德国举行的会议较为低调，并回避了明显的问题：德国经济对中国的依赖。超过一百万个德国工作岗位直接依赖中国，几乎一半的德国制造商在其供应链的某些部分依赖中国。 |
| After their meeting at the chancellery, Mr. Scholz and Mr. Li read statements but took no questions. |
| 在总理府会面后，朔尔茨和李克强宣读了声明，但没有回答任何问题。 |
| “Direct dialogue, personal conversation, real exchange — all this is even more important than usual in this extraordinary time full of global challenges and crises,” Mr. Scholz said, skirting thorny issues and choosing instead to focus on climate and green energy. |
| “直接对话、私人谈话、真正的交流——在这个充满全球挑战和危机的非常时期，所有这一切比以往任何时候都更加重要，”朔尔茨说，他避开了棘手的问题，转而选择关注气候和绿色能源。 |
| “We have no interest in economic decoupling from China,” he said. Mr. Scholz also avoided mentioning de-risking economic relations with China — a milder approach to easing dependence that has quickly gained traction in diplomatic parlance. |
| “我们无意与中国进行经济脱钩，”他说。朔尔茨还避免提及对中国的经济关系进行“去风险”处理——这是一种相对温和的减少依赖的方法，很快成为广泛使用的外交用语。 |
| Mr. Li, however, did bring up the term later in the day. “Imposing discriminatory measures in the name of de-risking to restrict or exclude other countries is contrary to market principles as well as the rules of fair competition and the rules of the World Trade Organization,” he said, according to the DPA, a German news service. |
| 不过在当天晚些时候，李强还是提了这个词。据德新社报道，李强说：“以去风险的名义实施歧视性措施以限制或排除其他国家，这违反了市场原则、公平竞争规则，以及世界贸易组织的规则。” |
| The European Commission proposal on economic security said the bloc should keep potentially hostile countries and their companies out of certain critical infrastructure, such as ports and pipelines, and bar European Union companies from exporting high-tech goods with military uses to potential adversaries. |
| 欧盟委员会关于经济安全的提案称，欧盟应将潜在敌对国家及其公司排除在某些关键基础设施之外，例如港口和管道，并禁止欧盟公司向潜在对手出口具有军事用途的高科技产品。 |
| The document also aims to ensure that supply chains for security-sensitive goods are not overly dependent on such countries, and to stop proprietary European technologies in artificial intelligence, chip-making or biotechnology from “leaking.” |
| 该文件还旨在确保安全敏感商品的供应链不会过度依赖这些国家，并阻止人工智能、芯片制造或生物技术方面的欧洲专有技术“泄露”。 |
| The bloc already has a set of rules that seek to address some of these concerns, but the commission said that much better and stricter rules were needed, and that they should be applied with the same zest and standards across the 27 nations. The goal, the document said, is to make sure that there are no back doors to undermining European security. |
| 欧盟已经制定了一套规则，旨在解决其中一些担忧，但委员会表示，需要更好、更严格的规则，并且应该以同样的热忱和标准在27个国家应用这些规则。文件称，目标是确保不会留下任何可能破坏欧洲安全的后门。 |
| “The need for more rapid and coordinated action at E.U. level in the area of export controls has become pressing,” the proposal said, noting that “an uncoordinated proliferation of national controls by member states would create loopholes.” |
| “在出口管制领域，欧盟层面采取更迅速、更协调的行动的必要性已变得紧迫，”该提案称，并指出“成员国不协调地扩大国家管制将造成漏洞。” |
| Some European countries have already tightened their trade relations with China, with the Netherlands this year barring the firm ASML from exporting its advanced chip production technology there on security grounds. |
| 一些欧洲国家已经收紧了与中国的贸易关系，荷兰今年以安全为由禁止阿斯麦公司向中国出口其先进的芯片生产技术。 |
| The bloc is also considering targeting Chinese companies with sanctions because they are providing Russia with chips used in weapons deployed against Ukraine. |
| 欧盟还考虑对一些中国公司实施制裁，因为它们向俄罗斯提供用于针对乌克兰的武器的芯片。 |
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