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| City officials in the northern German port of Kiel were flattered this year when the Chinese port of Qingdao — about 40 times its size — proposed partnering up as a sister city. They rushed to embrace the offer. |
| 今年，当德国北部港口基尔的市政府官员听到中国港口青岛提议与它结成姐妹城市时感到受宠若惊，青岛的面积是基尔的40倍。官员们赶紧接受了这个提议。 |
| The two cities had a history of cooperation dating to when the Germans helped their Chinese counterparts develop a sailing venue for the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. Both have substantial commercial ports, sprawling boardwalks and public beaches. It seemed a good match. |
| 两座城市的合作历史可以追溯到德国人帮助中国同行为2008年北京奥运会建设帆船场馆。两地都拥有许多商业港口、宽阔的栈桥和公共海滩，似乎很匹配。 |
| Almost too good, in fact, for security experts, who noted other, less innocent similarities. |
| 事实上，对于安全专家来说，这种匹配好得不寻常，他们注意到了其他一些没那么单纯的相似之处。 |
| Kiel, home to about 250,000, hosts much of Germany’s Baltic naval fleet, Germany’s equivalent of the Navy SEALs, military research facilities and big shipbuilders making, among other things, six brand-new, state-of-the-art submarines. |
| 基尔拥有大约25万人口，德国波罗的海海军舰队（相当于海豹突击队）的大部分驻扎在那里，还有许多军事研究设施和大型造船厂，而且包括六艘全新、最为先进的潜艇。 |
| Qingdao, a city of more than nine million, is home to China’s North Sea fleet, a marine research academy and China’s main submariners school, which specializes in submarine hunting. |
| 青岛是一座拥有超过900万人口的城市，是中国北海舰队、一所海洋研究所和中国主要的潜艇学院的所在地，该学院的专长是潜艇搜寻。 |
| “It is obvious that Kiel could be of great interest as a navy port,” said Göran Swistek, a retired German Navy commander and security expert. “There are great opportunities to observe German or allied vessels from up close in Kiel.” |
| “很明显，基尔作为一个海军港口可能会引起极大的兴趣，”德国海军退役指挥官、安全专家戈兰·斯维斯特克说。“在基尔，有很多机会近距离观察德国或盟军船只。” |
| An ensuing outcry from security experts and federal politicians has now put a damper on Kiel’s plans. Although the City Council initially approved the partnership in March, it will vote on Thursday whether to form a panel to re-evaluate the partnership or even stop it altogether. |
| 安全专家和联邦政客随即表示强烈反对，基尔的姐妹城计划为此受阻。尽管市议会最初于3月批准了这个计划，但它将在周四投票决定是否成立一个小组对其进行重新评估，甚至将其彻底终止。 |
| The swivet in Kiel speaks to a nascent shift in the German view of China, especially since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine — and not solely because of Beijing’s backing of Moscow. |
| 此事在基尔引发的不安表明德国对中国的看法正在发生转变，尤其是在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰之后——这不仅仅是因为北京对莫斯科的支持。 |
| Once seen by Germany primarily as a lucrative export market, China today is recognized as an expanding global power. Having painfully weaned themselves off cheap Russian gas over the last year, Germans are wary of leaving themselves similarly economically vulnerable. |
| 德国一度将中国主要视为一个利润丰厚的出口市场，现在则被视为一个不断扩张的全球大国。德国人去年痛苦地切断了廉价的俄罗斯天然气，他们担心自己在经济上同样也容易受到影响。 |
| China would have huge leverage over Germany’s economy if East-West hostilities broke out over Taiwan. In 2021, Germany exported more than 100 billion euros’ worth of goods to China, making the country the second biggest market for German goods, after the United States. When it comes to cars — one of the main drivers of German industry — China is the biggest market. |
| 如果东西方因台湾问题爆发敌对行动，中国将对德国经济带来巨大影响。2021年，德国向中国出口了价值超过1000亿欧元的商品，使中国成为德国商品第二大市场，仅次于美国。中国是德国汽车最大的市场，汽车是德国工业的主要驱动力之一。 |
| Former Chancellor Angela Merkel frequently traveled to China with huge trade delegations. But her successor, Olaf Scholz, was widely criticized for doing the same last year, and an attempt by a Chinese entity to buy a container port in Hamburg has led to a monthslong dispute in his coalition government. |
| 前总理默克尔经常率领庞大的贸易代表团访华。但她的继任者朔尔茨去年因同样的做法而受到广泛批评。一家中国实体试图购买汉堡的一个集装箱港口，这在他的联合政府中引发了长达数月的争论。 |
| Many are now attempting to recalibrate the two countries’ ties, a delicate and sometimes tense process that was on display during a visit to Berlin on Tuesday by China’s foreign minister, Qin Gang. |
| 许多人现在正试图重新调整两国关系，中国外长秦刚周二访问柏林期间，人们看到了一个微妙且时而紧张的过程。 |
| During the meeting, Germany’s foreign minister, Annalena Baerbock, told Mr. Qin that China could do more to help end the war in Ukraine. Last month, when she visited Beijing, she warned China against military escalation in Taiwan. |
| 在会晤中，德国外长贝尔伯克告诉秦刚，中国可以做更多事情来帮助结束乌克兰的战争。上个月访问北京时，她曾警告中国不要在台湾升级军事行动。 |
| “China, as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, can play a significant role in ending the war if it chooses to do so,” she said Tuesday, referring to Ukraine. |
| “作为联合国安理会常任理事国，如果中国有意愿，就可以在结束战争方面发挥重要作用，”她周二谈到乌克兰战争时表示。 |
| Still, the vehemence of the opposition to the Qingdao partnership surprised the Kiel City Council president, Hans-Werner Tovar, who oversaw the start of partnerships with two other cities. After all, he argues, Qingdao and Kiel already have a friendly relationship, and both cities have sent delegations in the past. |
| 尽管如此，对于跟青岛建立姐妹城市遭到的强烈反对，基尔市议会主席汉斯-维尔纳·托瓦尔感到惊讶，他曾负责基尔与另外两座城市伙伴关系的启动。他认为，毕竟青岛和基尔已经建立了友好关系，而且两个城市过去都曾派出代表团互访。 |
| “Those who say that this move is somehow massively significant and that the world will go under because of it — even if the exchanges have been going on all along, just not officially — knows nothing about municipal politics and even less about foreign policy in municipal politics,” Mr. Tovar said. |
| “交流一直在进行，虽然是非正式的，但那些形容该举动非常严重、世界将因此陷入崩溃的人对城市政治一无所知，更不了解城市政治中的外交政策，”托瓦尔说。 |
| City partnerships, which generally consist of a formal agreement allowing for regular trade delegation visits, educational exchanges, local research collaboration and more, played an integral part in unifying Europe after World War II. Many German towns are paired with homologues in France and England. |
| 城市伙伴关系通常包括一项正式协议，允许贸易代表团定期访问、教育交流、地方研究合作等，这种关系在“二战”后统一欧洲方面发挥了不可或缺的作用。许多德国城镇与法国和英国的同级别城市结成对子。 |
| Kiel, an especially outgoing city, has 13 such partnerships, with places as disparate as San Francisco and the Moshi district in Tanzania. Its partnerships with two Russian cities have been paused since Russia invaded Ukraine. |
| 基尔是一座特别外向的城市，从旧金山到坦桑尼亚的莫希区，该市拥有13个这样的伙伴关系。自俄罗斯入侵乌克兰以来，该市与两个俄罗斯城市的合作关系已经暂停。 |
| Mr. Tovar, who is 74 and will retire from his post early next month, compares the partnership with Qingdao to those with Gdynia, Poland, and Stralsund in the former East Germany, which were developed in the late 1980s before the fall of Communism. |
| 74岁的托瓦尔将于下月初退休，他把与青岛的合作比作同波兰的格丁尼亚，以及同前东德的施特拉尔松德的合作，这些伙伴关系都是在上世纪80年代末共产主义垮台前发展起来的。 |
| “Municipal foreign policy is characterized by actually trying to break down barriers or not letting them form in your mind in the first place,” he said, adding: “If the Chinese want to spy, they definitely don’t need a city partnership to do it.” |
| “城市外交政策的特点是，它其实试图打破藩篱，或者首先不让它们在你的脑海中成型，”他说道，并进一步表示：“如果中国人想进行间谍活动，他们肯定不需要通过城市合作伙伴关系来进行。” |
| But some security experts disagreed. “Access to sensitive facilities often depends on local contacts,” said Sarah Kirchberger, a security expert who specializes in China at the Institute for Security Policy at Kiel University and helped raise the alarm. “Not everything can be learned via cyberespionage.” |
| 但一些安全专家不同意这种说法。“进入敏感设施往往取决于当地的联系人，”基尔大学安全政策研究所专门研究中国问题、并参与发出警报的安全专家萨拉·基希贝格尔说。“不是所有东西都能通过网络间谍活动了解到。” |
| Another expert, Sandra Heep, who heads the China Center at the City University of Applied Sciences in Bremen, generally supports the kind of exchange that comes with city partnerships, but warns that in the case of China strict guardrails are required. |
| 另一位专家、不来梅应用科技城市大学中国中心主任桑德拉·黑普总体上支持城市合作带来的那种交流，但她警告，就中国而言，需要严格的防范措施。 |
| “We need more dialogue and more exchange with China,” she said. “But it is absolutely imperative to make sure that this does not lead to a situation where sensitive information, particularly information that could be useful to the Chinese military, flows to China, especially given the rising risk of a Chinese attack on Taiwan.” |
| “我们需要与中国进行更多的对话和交流，”她说。“但绝对有必要确保这不会导致敏感信息，特别是可能对中国军方有用的信息流向中国，尤其考虑到中国攻击台湾的风险不断上升的情况下。” |
| Kiel is an especially ripe target now, Dr. Kirchberger and others have warned, because Chancellor Scholz’s pledge to inject 100 billion euros into the German defense budget has the port humming. |
| 基尔现在是一个特别成熟的目标，基希贝格尔和其他人警告称，因为朔尔茨总理承诺向德国国防预算注入1000亿欧元，这个港口变得热闹起来。 |
| With an eye on Russia, just over the horizon of the Baltic Sea, ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems, one of Germany’s largest submarine builders, is leading a joint venture with Norway to build six new submarines. |
| 着眼于波罗的海另一端的俄罗斯，德国最大的潜艇制造商之一蒂森克虏伯海洋系统公司正在领导一家与挪威的合资企业，建造六艘新潜艇。 |
| Behind closed doors, managers at the shipbuilding company, which employs 3,500 people in Kiel, admit to being worried, according to two people with direct knowledge of the situation. |
| 这家造船公司在基尔拥有3500名员工，据两名直接了解情况的人士透露，其管理人员私下承认，他们很担心。 |
| If the German impetus for the partnership comes at the city level, it is likely to be controlled at — or at least approved by — a much higher level on the Chinese side, Professor Heep said. “The Chinese side always generally acts more strategically than the German side.” |
| 黑普表示，如果德国对合作关系的推动来自城市层面，那么它很可能受到中国更高层面的控制，或者至少得到了批准。“总体而言，中方的行动总是比德方更具战略性。” |
| The friendship between the two cities began nearly two decades ago, when Qingdao approached Kiel to help it build a sailing venue for the Olympics. Kiel had experience hosting sailing events for the two German Summer Olympics, in 1936 and 1972. |
| 两座城市之间的友谊始于近20年前，当时青岛找到基尔，希望基尔能帮助它建造一个奥运会帆船比赛场馆。基尔曾在1936年和1972年两届德国夏季奥运会上主办帆船比赛。 |
| “They told us, ‘We have no boats and no one knows how to sail — oh, and we’ve also never put on a regatta,’” Uwe Wanger, who helps coordinate Kiel’s city-run youth sailing program, said of the initial exchanges with representatives in Qingdao. |
| “他们告诉我们，‘我们没有船，也没有人知道怎么航行——哦，我们也从来没有举办过帆船赛，’”帮助协调基尔市青年帆船项目的乌维·旺格在谈到与青岛代表当初的交流时说。 |
| Kiel helped Qingdao establish a sailing scene and an annual “sailing week,” during which 600 local children learn how to sail on Optimist dinghies. “Kiel can take pride in the fact that we helped them get started,” Mr. Wanger said. |
| 基尔帮助青岛建立了一个帆船比赛场地，并开展一年一度的“帆船周”活动，600名当地儿童在活动期间学习如何驾驶乐观级帆船。“基尔可以为我们帮助他们起步这件事而感到自豪，”旺格说。 |
| Others are less enamored of the friendship. One of them is Antonia Grage, 30, a conservative politician running for City Council in a coming election. |
| 也有人不那么喜欢这种友谊。30岁的保守派政治人物安东尼娅·格拉格就是其中之一，她将参加即将举行的市议会选举。 |
| When she heard about the plan, she went to the press and ultimately convinced members of her party to vote against the measure, which did not stop it from passing. |
| 当听说这个计划后，她去找了媒体，并最终说服她的党内成员投票反对这项措施，但这并没能阻止它的通过。 |
| Ms. Grage took issue with the partnership because she felt that a “totalitarian government” should not be rewarded with a city partnership. |
| 格拉格对这个伙伴关系提出了异议，因为她觉得一个“极权政府”不应该得到城市伙伴关系这一奖励。 |
| “When you look at our other partners,” she said, “Qingdao just doesn’t fit into the picture.” |
| “看看我们其他的伙伴，”她说，“青岛根本不合适。” |
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