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| SIMI VALLEY, Calif.— Speaker Kevin McCarthy on Wednesday pledged to deepen alliances between the United States and Taiwan amid rising tensions with China, using a visit with President Tsai Ing-wen to underscore American solidarity with the island and a willingness to confront Beijing as it expands its global influence. |
| 加州锡米瓦利——对华紧张关系不断加剧之际，众议院议长麦卡锡周三承诺将深化美台同盟关系，他还利用蔡英文总统的访问强调美国对该岛的支持，以及在北京扩大全球影响力之际与之对抗的意愿。 |
| The gathering at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library was a chance for Mr. McCarthy, whose position puts him second in line to the presidency, and Ms. Tsai to demonstrate the close ties between the United States and Taiwan in a tacit challenge to China. The summit came as leaders of Western nations were wrestling with how to approach an increasingly assertive Beijing. |
| 对于身为第二顺位总统继任人的麦卡锡和蔡英文来说，在里根总统图书馆举行的会晤是一场对中国心照不宣的挑战，展示了美台之间的密切关系。会晤举行之际，西方国家领导人正在为如何应对日益强势的中国而绞尽脑汁。 |
| “The friendships between the people of Taiwan and America is a matter of profound importance to the free world, and it is critical to maintain economic freedom, peace, and regional stability,” said Mr. McCarthy, a California Republican who is now the highest-ranking government official to have met with a Taiwanese president on U.S. soil since Washington established diplomatic relations with Beijing. “We will honor our obligations and reiterate our commitment to our shared values, behind which all Americans are united.” |
| “美台人民的友谊对自由世界意义重大，对维持经济自由、和平和地区稳定至关重要，”麦卡锡说，这位加州共和党人成为自美中建交以来在美国本土与台湾总统会晤的最高级政府官员。“我方将恪守义务，重申对我们共同价值观的承诺，这是所有美国人的一致立场。” |
| The gathering, which included a formal luncheon, is in some ways a backtrack by Mr. McCarthy, who promised during the midterm elections that if he were elected speaker, he would travel to Taiwan to meet with Ms. Tsai in a show of defiance to China. Mr. McCarthy’s predecessor, Nancy Pelosi of California, did so last year when she was the House speaker. |
| 这场包括了正式午餐的会晤在某种程度上说明了麦卡锡的妥协，他曾在中期选举时承诺如果当选议长，将前往台湾与蔡英文会面，以此展示对中国不屈从的态度。麦卡锡的前任、来自加州的佩洛西在去年担任众议长时曾经访台。 |
| Instead, Mr. McCarthy and Ms. Tsai opted for a meeting in the United States that was considered by Washington and Taipei to be the less risky option. Leaders in both capitals are trying to balance a desire to shore up Taiwan’s ties with the United States, its far most powerful partner, against an interest in avoiding steps that might prompt aggressive military encroachments from Beijing. |
| 麦卡锡和蔡英文转而选择在美国会面，双方一致认为这是一个风险较小的选择。双方领导人都在尽力作出权衡，一方面希望加强台美关系（美国是台湾实力最强大的伙伴），另一方面避免采取可能引发中国采取攻击性军事入侵的措施。 |
| Ms. Tsai praised the members of Congress who received her for “their presence and unwavering support,” adding that it served to “reassure the people of Taiwan that we are not isolated and we are not alone.” |
| 蔡英文称赞迎接她的国会议员，感谢“他们的出席和坚定不移的支持”，并表示这让“台湾人民放心，我们没有被孤立，也并不孤单”。 |
| Some Western leaders are pursuing divergent strategies toward China in light of the nation’s expanding global influence, such as Beijing’s success brokering a deal last month to reestablish diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran, and its recent efforts to provide strategic support to aid Russia in its protracted invasion of Ukraine. |
| 随着中国的国际影响力不断扩大——包括在上个月成功促成沙特阿拉伯和伊朗恢复外交关系，以及最近为俄罗斯长期入侵乌克兰提供战略支持——部分西方领导人奉行的对华战略也各有不同。 |
| In the United States, the default approach has been an aggressive one. The Biden administration has imposed restrictions on exports to China of materials related to the semiconductor industry, and lawmakers have clamored for more punishing crackdowns, particularly in recent weeks after a Chinese spy balloon traversed U.S. air space. |
| 强硬是美国的默认姿态。拜登政府已对半导体产业相关材料的对华出口实施了限制，议员也呼吁加大制裁力度，特别是在近期有中国监视气球飞越美国领空之后。 |
| But some of Washington’s European allies have taken a more conciliatory course. On Wednesday, as Ms. Tsai met with lawmakers in California, President Emmanuel Macron of France visited Beijing to meet with Chinese leaders, appealing to them as a responsible power that could help settle global conflicts, and even bring peace to Ukraine. |
| 但美国的一些欧洲盟友选择了更为温和的做法。周三，就在蔡英文于加州会晤国会议员之际，法国总统马克龙访问北京，与中国领导人见面，呼吁中方做一个负责任的大国，帮助解决全球冲突，甚至帮助实现乌克兰的和平。 |
| China has so far not indicated how it plans to respond to the competing gestures. While Beijing has condemned Ms. Tsai’s visit to the United States, officials there have not announced major military exercises around Taiwan. They may want to avoid a repeat of the crisis after Ms. Pelosi’s visit, when Beijing canceled several diplomatic, military and climate policy engagements with the United States and held days of military exercises in seven live-fire zones around Taiwan. |
| 目前，中国尚未明确表明会如何应对这些互相冲突的表态。北京虽然谴责蔡英文访美，但并没有宣布将在台湾周边举行大规模军事演习。他们可能希望避免重复佩洛西访台后的危机，当时北京取消了与美国的多项外交、军事和气候政策接触，并在台湾周边的七个实弹射击区举行了为期数天的军事演习。 |
| Yet Mr. McCarthy, who has frequently accused President Biden of being insufficiently tough on China, is also eager to demonstrate how forceful he is willing to be in challenging Beijing. His decision to meet with Taiwan’s president so early in his tenure could still escalate tensions with China, where leaders regard such high-level meetings — wherever they occur — as an affront to their claim to the island. |
| 然而，经常批评拜登对华立场不够强硬的麦卡锡也急于展示自己挑战北京的意愿有多么强烈。上任之初，他就决定与台湾总统会面，这仍可能加剧与中国的紧张关系，中方领导人将这种高层会晤——无论发生在何处——视为对其台湾领土主张的冒犯。 |
| “China has to prevent this from becoming a routine, or annual, meeting between the Taiwan president and the House speaker,” said Bonny Lin, a former director for China and Taiwan policy at the Pentagon, who runs the China Power Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. “Regardless of which soil it’s happening on, it’s still a meeting with the speaker of the House, and in person.” |
| “中国不得不阻止台湾总统和美国众议长的会晤变成常态，”战略与国际问题研究中心“中国力量”项目主管、曾在五角大楼担任中国与台湾政策负责人的林洋(Bonny Lin)表示。“无论在哪里举行，那都是与众议院议长本人见面。” |
| Washington shifted diplomatic recognition from Taiwan to the People’s Republic of China in 1979. Beijing has since objected to meetings between senior American and Taiwanese officials or politicians as provocative acts, treating Taiwan as an illegitimate breakaway that must be recovered. The U.S. president and other top officials do not meet Taiwanese leaders, but lower-level contacts have grown under the Trump and Biden administrations, prompting the ire of Beijing. |
| 1979年，美国与台湾断交，转而承认中华人民共和国。之后，中国一直反对美台高级官员或政客会面，视之为挑衅，并将台湾当作必须收回的非法分离领土。美国总统和其他高官不可与台湾领导人会面，但在特朗普和拜登政府任内，较低级别的接触已经增加，这激起了中国的愤怒。 |
| Though Taiwanese presidents have regularly come to the United States and rank-and-file members of Congress have routinely visited Taiwan over the past few decades, the pace of congressional trips has accelerated since last year, as lawmakers rush to show solidarity and pledge to deepen cooperation with Taiwan, arming it against a potential war with China. |
| 尽管在过去几十年里，台湾总统经常访问美国，普通国会议员也经常访问台湾，但自去年以来，国会出访的步伐加快了，因为议员们急于表示声援台湾并承诺深化台美的合作，为其提供武器装备，以应对与中国发生战争的可能性。 |
| Representative Michael McCaul, Republican of Texas and the chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee, is scheduled to lead another bipartisan delegation of lawmakers to Taiwan that is expected to meet with Ms. Tsai on Saturday, according to two people familiar with the itinerary. |
| 据两名了解行程的人士透露，得克萨斯州共和党众议员、外交事务委员会主席迈克尔·麦考尔计划率领另一个两党议员代表团访问台湾，预计将于周六与蔡英文会面。 |
| Ms. Tsai’s attempt to keep a relatively low profile during her latest tour of the United States and Central America indicated a desire to avoid giving Beijing excuses to stage a display of military might similar to the one after Ms. Pelosi’s visit. During her stops in New York and California — flying to and from Central America — Ms. Tsai eschewed opportunities to give major political speeches, meeting officials like Mr. McCarthy behind closed doors and keeping secret a session last week with Representative Hakeem Jeffries of New York, the Democratic leader. |
| 蔡英文在最近的美国和中美洲之行中试图保持相对低调，这表明她希望避免给北京提供借口进行类似佩洛西访台后的那种军力展示。蔡英文往返中美洲途中分别在纽约和加州停留，这期间她避开了发表重大政治演讲的机会，闭门会见了麦卡锡等官员，上周还与民主党领袖、纽约州众议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯举行秘密会议。 |
| Still, her visit has not progressed entirely without incident. On Wednesday, Chinese maritime authorities announced patrols in two areas east of Taiwan, but there was no indication that naval ships were involved. |
| 尽管如此，她的访问并非波澜不兴。周三，中国海事部门宣布在台湾以东的两个海域巡逻，但没有迹象显示海军舰艇参与其中。 |
| The Mainland Affairs Council in Taipei, which handles relations with China, denounced the patrols, saying that they could interfere with shipping. The Taiwanese Defense Ministry said it had spotted a Chinese navy ship passing through the Bashi Channel, which lies between Taiwan and the Philippines. |
| 台湾负责处理与中国关系的陆委会谴责了这些巡逻活动，称它们可能会干扰航运。台湾国防部表示，他们发现一艘中国海军舰艇正在通过位于台湾和菲律宾之间的巴士海峡。 |
| Chinese officials have said they would monitor Ms. Tsai’s meeting with Mr. McCarthy and threatened retaliation. Mao Ning, a spokeswoman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, told reporters on Tuesday that Beijing would “resolutely and vigorously defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity.” A statement posted by the Chinese consulate in Los Angeles called Mr. McCarthy’s meeting with Ms. Tsai “a grave violation of the One China principle.” |
| 中国官员表示，他们将密切关注蔡英文与麦卡锡的会面，并威胁要进行报复。外交部发言人毛宁周二告诉记者，北京将“坚决有力捍卫国家主权和领土完整”。中国驻洛杉矶领事馆发布的一份声明称，麦卡锡与蔡英文的会面“严重违反了一个中国原则”。 |
| Beijing demands that all countries accept its One China principle, which dictates that Taiwan is part of its territory. Instead, Washington maintains a One China policy, which acknowledges Beijing’s claim without endorsing it. |
| 北京要求所有国家接受“一个中国”原则，即台湾是中国领土的一部分。华盛顿则维持着“一个中国”政策，即承认北京的主张，但不支持它。 |
| Ms. Tsai’s visit comes amid an intense debate in Washington about how to step up weapons shipments assistance to the island and whether the United States should commit to aid Taiwan if China attacks. Last year, acting with bipartisan support, Congress authorized a five-year pilot program to furnish Taiwan with up to $2 billion for military training and weapons purchases and $1 billion annually in weapons from existing stocks as a display of the United States’ commitment to act on statutory requirements directing Washington to help Taiwan maintain its defenses. |
| 蔡英文访美之际，华盛顿正就如何加强对台湾的武器运输援助、美国是否应该承诺在中国发起攻击的情况下援助台湾展开激烈辩论。去年，在两党支持下，美国国会批准了一项为期五年的试点计划，向台湾提供高达20亿美元的军事训练和武器采购，并每年从现有库存中提供10亿美元的武器，显示了美国致力于按照授意华盛顿帮助台湾维持防御的法案要求行事。 |
| But the $2 billion-per-year program was never funded as envisioned. Lawmakers who were left scrambling at the end of the year to pull together a spending package ended up supplanting it with loan guarantees that Taiwan, a cash-rich entity, is generally assumed will not use. The end result was that the United States projected a weaker signal of solidarity than intended, putting more pressure on Congress to change the balance this year and fueling Republican ire. |
| 但是，这个每年20亿美元的项目从未得到预期的资金支持。去年年底，立法委者们匆忙制定了一项支出计划，但最终却以贷款担保取而代之，而台湾是一个现金充裕的实体，被普遍认为不会使用贷款担保。最终的结果是，美国发出的支持信号弱于预期，这给国会带来了更大的压力，要在今年改变这种情况，共和党人对此的愤怒也随之加剧。 |
| Republicans have criticized the Biden administration for refusing to declare unequivocally that the United States would defend Taiwan militarily if Beijing tried to invade. Since taking office, Mr. Biden has embraced that position three times, only to have his aides walk it back. |
| 共和党人批评拜登政府拒绝明确宣布如果北京试图入侵台湾，美国将在军事上保卫台湾。自上任以来，拜登曾三次宣告这一立场，但都被他的助手们收回。 |
| Several lawmakers in both parties have speculated that any successes Russia racks up in its invasion of Ukraine will embolden China to try a similar land grab in Taiwan. |
| 两党多名议员都推测，俄罗斯在入侵乌克兰方面取得的任何成功都将鼓励中国在台湾做出类似的尝试。 |
| Ms. Tsai’s tour of the United States also comes as the island is preparing for presidential elections to choose her successor, as term limits prevent her from running again. The contest in January is expected to pit Ms. Tsai’s successor in the Democratic Progressive Party, which has positioned itself as the guardian of Taiwanese autonomy, against a candidate from the opposition Nationalist Party, which advocates close ties with China. |
| 蔡英文的美国之行正值台湾准备进行总统选举之际，由于任期限制，她无法再次参选，这此选举要选出她的继任者。预计明年1月举行的大选将在民进党中的蔡英文继任者与反对党国民党的候选人之间展开角逐。民进党将自己定位为台湾自治的守护者。国民党主张与大陆建立密切关系。 |
| Experts say the race could be heavily influenced by what steps Washington and Beijing take in the months ahead, including whether China reacts militarily to this week’s meeting. |
| 专家说，华盛顿和北京在未来几个月采取的措施，包括中国是否会对本周的会晤作出军事反应，可能会在很大程度上影响这场竞选。 |
| “The problem is, for Beijing, either way they lose,” said Yun Sun, a co-director of the East Asia Program and the director of the China Program at the Stimson Center. “If they overreact, they will lose because the U.S. will provide more support to Taiwan, and Taiwanese public opinion will be even more against reunification. But if they don’t react, this will be perceived as acquiescence.” |
| “问题是，对北京来说，不管怎样，他们都输了，”史汀生中心东亚项目联席主任、中国项目主任孙韵说。“如果他们反应过度，他们会输，因为美国将为台湾提供更多支持，台湾舆论将更加反对统一。但如果他们不做出反应，就会被视为默认。” |
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