| 双语新闻 Bilingual News | 双语对照阅读 分级系列阅读 智能辅助阅读 在线英语学习 |
|
| 双语新闻 Bilingual News | 双语对照阅读 分级系列阅读 智能辅助阅读 在线英语学习 |
| [英文] [中文] [双语对照] [双语交替] [] |
| When top Chinese officials held receptions for dozens of American and European business executives at back-to-back annual economic forums last week, the intended message was clear: China is open for business. |
| 上周，中国高层官员在接连举行的年度经济论坛上接待了数十位美国和欧洲企业高管，他们想传递的信息很明确：中国要开门做生意。 |
| But by week’s end, China’s fearsome regulators had sent an altogether different signal. |
| 但是到了周末，令人生畏的中国监管机构发出了完全不同的信号。 |
| Beijing announced a cybersecurity review of Micron Technology, a top-tier U.S. chip maker, on Friday. The measure, which many industry analysts had expected, is China’s most significant stroke of retaliation against Washington over its campaign to sever China’s access to high-end chips. |
| 周五，北京宣布对美国顶级芯片制造商美光科技进行网络安全审查，这是针对华盛顿切断中国获取高端芯片渠道采取的最重大报复行动，也是许多行业分析人士此前预计会有的举措。 |
| China’s internet watchdog said it was conducting a review of Micron’s products sold in the country to “safeguard the security of the information infrastructure supply chain.” Mao Ning, a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman, characterized the review as a “normal regulatory measure” focused on products that could affect national security. |
| 中国互联网监管机构表示，正在对美光在华销售的产品进行审查，以便“保障关键信息基础设施供应链安全”。中国外交部发言人毛宁称，此次审查是针对可能影响国家安全的产品的“正常监管措施”。 |
| Based in Boise, Idaho, Micron Technology makes memory chips used in phones, computers, data centers, cars and other electronics. It has longstanding ties in China and is an emblem of America’s leading position in the global semiconductor industry. But now Micron has gotten ensnared in China’s drive to become self-sufficient in advanced technology. |
| 总部位于爱达荷州博伊西的美光科技公司生产用于手机、电脑、数据中心、汽车和其他电子产品的存储芯片。它与中国有着长期的联系，是美国在全球半导体行业领先地位的象征。但现在，美光已经卷入了中国在先进技术上实现自给自足的进程之中。 |
| Senator Jim Risch, a Republican from Idaho, criticized China’s investigation of Micron, saying it was an attempt to undermine the U.S. position in the semiconductor industry. |
| 来自爱达荷州的共和党参议员吉姆·里施批评了中国对美光的调查，称这是企图破坏美国在半导体行业的地位。 |
| “This move further helps the American people see China for what it is — an aggressor and a bully that was never interested in true economic partnership,” Mr. Risch said in a statement. |
| 里施在声明中说：“此举进一步帮助美国人民看清中国的真面目——一个侵略者和恶霸，从来无意建立真正的经济伙伴关系。” |
| Shares of Micron have fallen 9 percent since the news. Micron said in a statement that its business in China was operating as normal and that it was “cooperating fully” with the authorities. |
| 消息传出后，美光的股价下跌了9%。美光在一份声明中表示，其在华业务一切正常，并且正在“全面配合”有关部门。 |
| The official mixed messages from China reflect the tightrope the country’s leaders are walking. They are trying to support a struggling economy that only recently reopened after three years of strict pandemic restrictions, while trying to present an unbending political image to an increasingly hostile Washington. At one of last week’s fetes for foreign business executives, including Apple’s Tim Cook, Li Qiang, China’s new premier, pledged that China would continue to “open its doors wider and wider.” |
| 中国官方发出的含混信息反映出该国领导人正在走钢丝。他们正在努力支持陷入困境的经济——它经历了三年严格的疫情限制，最近才重新开放——同时试图向日益敌对的华盛顿展现一种坚定的政治形象。在上周为苹果公司的蒂姆·库克等外国企业高管举行的一次宴会上，中国新任总理李强承诺，中国“开放的大门会越开越大”。 |
| “China isn’t shy about using varied tactics to deal with foreign firms,” said Dan Wang, a visiting scholar at Yale Law School and a technology analyst at Gavekal Dragonomics, a research firm. “Sometimes it seems to say: ‘Well if you don’t like these carrots, we’ve got a big stick as well.’” |
| “中国在与外国公司打交道时从不惮于使用各种策略，”耶鲁大学法学院访问学者、研究公司龙洲经讯科技分析师王丹（音）说。“有时它似乎在说：‘好吧，如果你不喜欢这些胡萝卜，我们还有一根大棒。’” |
| China’s decision to put Micron under review followed sweeping restrictions placed by the United States on China’s semiconductor industry. Those measures, unveiled in October, targeted some of Micron’s Chinese competitors. |
| 中国决定审查美光科技之前，美国对中国半导体产业实施了全面限制。这些限制措施于去年10月公布，针对的是美光的一些中国竞争对手。 |
| Micron opened its first factory in China in 2007, in Xi’an. The chip maker has about 3,000 employees across the country working in customer service, sales and engineering. It has a center in Shanghai where chips are designed, as well as branch offices in Beijing and Shenzhen. |
| 美光于2007年在西安开设了其在中国的第一家工厂。这家芯片制造商在中国各地约有3000名员工，从事客户服务、销售和工程工作。该公司在上海设有一家芯片设计中心，在北京和深圳设有分支机构。 |
| “We are pleased to be a growing part of the China technology industry,” a former Micron chairman, Steve Appleton, said in a statement in 2007. |
| “我们很高兴能成为中国科技行业不断增长的一部分，”前美光董事长史蒂夫·阿普尔顿在2007年的一份声明中说。 |
| But as China’s ambitious plan to become a global competitor in technology intensified, Micron fell into the center of the country’s tech competition with the United States. In 2018, the U.S. Justice Department began investigating chip makers from China and Taiwan for allegedly stealing trade secrets from Micron. One of the companies has pleaded guilty, and the case of the other is continuing. |
| 但随着中国成为全球科技竞争者的雄心计划不断加强，美光科技陷入了中国与美国科技竞争的中心。2018年，美国司法部开始调查来自中国和台湾的芯片制造商，因为它们涉嫌窃取美光的商业机密。其中一家公司已经认罪，另一家公司的案件仍在继续。 |
| In the past two years, Micron has given “very clear signals” of its intention to reduce its exposure to China, said Hui He, head of China semiconductor research for Omdia, a technology research firm. |
| 技术研究公司Omdia的中国半导体研究主管何辉（音）表示，过去两年，美光发出了“非常明确的信号”，表明它有意减少在中国的敞口。 |
| “Micron has been one of the most responsive companies to U.S. government policy,” she said, adding that the company has a “relative lack of dependence on China.” |
| “美光一直是对美国政府政策反应最积极的公司之一，”她说，并补充说该公司“相对来说，对中国没有那么依赖”。 |
| Micron began reducing the number of Chinese staff and shuttering operations at its Shanghai chip design center in January 2022. Like many Western chip makers, Micron has a strong manufacturing presence in Asia, including in Singapore and Taiwan, but it recently announced plans for a $100 billion chip plant in New York. President Biden heralded it as “one of the most significant investments in American history.” |
| 美光从2022年1月开始减少中国员工数量，并关闭其上海芯片设计中心的业务。与许多西方芯片制造商一样，美光在亚洲拥有强大的制造业务，包括在新加坡和台湾，但该公司最近宣布在纽约投资1000亿美元兴建芯片工厂的计划。拜登总统称这是“美国历史上最重要的投资之一”。 |
| Mainland China accounted for roughly 11 percent of its sales in 2022, down from roughly half five years earlier, according to company reports. |
| 根据该公司的报告，2022年，中国占其销售额的约11%，远低于五年前约一半的比例。 |
| In its latest earnings report in March, Micron warned investors that the Chinese government could “restrict us from participating in the China market or may prevent us from competing effectively with Chinese companies.” It also underscored the competitive risks it faced from state-funded Chinese semiconductor competitors. |
| 在今年3月的最新财报中，美光警告投资者，中国政府可能“限制我们参与中国市场，或可能阻止我们与中国公司有效竞争”。这也凸显出该公司面临得到中国政府资助的半导体竞争对手的竞争风险。 |
| The action against Micron, industry analysts said, appeared aimed at sending a message to U.S. technology policymakers, while also protecting domestic industry. Investors in China welcomed the news, pushing shares of domestic semiconductor firms higher. The analysts said Micron’s Chinese clients were likely to transfer orders to Chinese suppliers in an effort to hedge their bets. |
| 行业分析师表示，针对美光科技的行动似乎旨在向美国科技政策制定者传递信息，同时也保护国内产业。中国投资者对这一消息表示欢迎，推动国内半导体公司股价走高。这些分析师表示，美光的中国客户可能会将订单转移给中国供应商，以对冲风险。 |
| But the Micron case has sent a warning to foreign business and left Micron’s future uncertain, said Samm Sacks, a senior fellow at Yale Law School. She called the cybersecurity review process a “black box.” |
| 但耶鲁大学法学院高级研究员萨姆·萨克斯表示，美光案向外国企业发出了警告，并让美光的未来变得不确定。她称网络安全审查过程是一个“黑匣子”。 |
| “Not only is there no criteria known to pass it, there’s not a specific end game that’s ever been articulated if you don’t pass it,” she said. That could have a chilling effect. |
| “不仅没有已知的通过标准，如果不通过会怎样，也没有明确的说明，”她说。这可能会产生寒蝉效应。 |
| “Many companies are now having a come to Jesus moment,” Ms. Sacks said. “Is it worth the cost now to be in this incredibly difficult market?” |
| “许多公司现在都在经历一个幡然醒悟的时刻，”萨克斯说。“它们在思考，如今，费尽周章就为了待在这个异常艰难的市场，是否值得？” |
OK阅读网 版权所有(C)2017 | 联系我们