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| When South Korea’s president, Yoon Suk Yeol, touched down in Japan on Thursday, it was the first time in a dozen years that a leader from Seoul had made the short flight for a one-on-one visit with the Japanese prime minister. | 周四，韩国总统尹锡悦飞抵日本，这是十多年来该国领导人首次来到这个邻国专程与其首相会面。 |
| It was a sign that the long-fraught relationship between the two Asian neighbors is thawing, a quick follow-up to last week’s ice-breaking announcement that South Korea would drop its demand that Japanese companies compensate Korean victims of forced labor during World War II. | 这表明，日韩这两个亚洲邻国长期以来的紧张关系出现了解冻的迹象，这是继上周采取破冰之举，宣布放弃要求日本公司赔偿“二战”期间被强征劳动的韩国受害者后，韩国紧接着做出的又一个动作。 |
| On Thursday afternoon, Japan gave a further indication that it was reciprocating South Korea’s move when the trade ministry in Tokyo announced that it was moving to drop restrictions on technology exports to South Korea that had been imposed since 2019. | 周四下午，日本进一步表明将回应韩国的示好，其经济产业省宣布，日方将着手取消自2019年以来对韩实施的技术出口限制。 |
| Although the ministry gave no specific date for dropping those restrictions, it was yet another signal that the two countries, which have been at odds over history and territory for years, are now willing to cooperate to face rising threats from North Korea’s advancing nuclear program and China’s growing military ambitions in the region. | 尽管经济产业省没有给出取消这些限制的具体日期，但这同样是一个信号，表明多年来在历史和领土问题上一直存在分歧的两国现在愿意合作，以应对朝鲜不断推进核计划以及中国在该地区军事野心增长所带来的日益紧迫的威胁。 |
| Thursday morning brought another reminder of the threat from North Korea, as the country launched an intercontinental ballistic missile for the second time in a month, hours before Mr. Yoon and Mr. Kishida met. South Korean officials said the missile was fired at a steep angle and fell into waters west of Japan. | 周四上午，就在尹锡悦和岸田文雄举行会晤的数小时前，朝鲜在一个月内第二次发射了一枚洲际弹道导弹，再次提醒人们来自该国的威胁。韩国官员表示，这枚导弹以一个高角度发射，落入了日本以西水域。 |
| In a joint news conference after the two leaders met on Thursday, Mr. Kishida said he wanted to open a “new chapter” in relations between the two countries. He said there was an “urgent need to strengthen Japan-Korea relations in this strategic environment.” | 周四，在双方会晤后举行的联合新闻发布会上，岸田文雄表示，他希望开启两国关系的“新篇章”。他说，“在当前战略环境下，迫切需要加强日韩关系。” |
| The Japanese prime minister said he hoped to visit South Korea and resume “shuttle diplomacy,” with high-level leaders visiting each other’s countries regularly. As for further measures to improve relations, Mr. Kishida was not specific, but he said that as the countries drew closer, new steps would be announced “one by one.” | 日本首相表示，他希望访问韩国，恢复双方的“穿梭外交”，实现高层领导人定期互访。至于改善关系的进一步措施，岸田文雄没作具体说明，但他表示，随着两国关系的日益密切，新的举措将“逐一”宣布。 |
| Mr. Yoon said that with Japan moving to lift the export restrictions on important technology, and with Japanese and Korean tourists visiting each other’s countries, “mutual benefit will be significant, and that is national interest to me.” | 尹锡悦表示，随着日本着手取消对重要技术的出口限制，以及日韩两国之间的旅游往来，“互惠互利的效应将是显著的，并且这对我来说是国家利益所在。” |
| The steps toward conciliation by the two leaders are significant not only to Japan and South Korea, but also to their alliance with the United States. The Americans need their two strongest allies in the region to get along so they can focus on creating a bulwark against China, which is upending geopolitical calculations not only in Asia but across the globe. | 双方领导人朝着和解迈进的步伐不仅对日韩意义重大，对两国与美国的同盟关系也同样具有重要作用。美国需要它在该地区最强大的两个盟友能和睦相处，这样才能专注于建立对抗中国的堡垒，后者颠覆了亚洲乃至全球的地缘政治考量。 |
| Mr. Yoon’s visit, which was expected to include a dinner on Thursday at the prime minister’s residence and meetings between business leaders on Friday, was also a test of how well the two leaders could assuage domestic public opinion about issues that have long aroused heated passions in both countries. | 尹锡悦的访日行程预计将包括周四在总理官邸举行的晚宴，以及周五会见商界领袖。这次访问也考验着两位领导人能否在两国争论多年的一些问题上缓和国内舆论。 |
| “Ninety percent of Japan-South Korea relations are domestic politics,” said Kunihiko Miyake, a former Japanese diplomat who is now a visiting professor at Ritsumeikan University in Kyoto, Japan. “Therefore, nobody knows what’s going to happen.” Mr. Miyake said that he was “still cautiously optimistic, but more optimistic than cautious.” | “日韩关系的问题九成在于国内政治，”日本前外交官宫家邦彦表示，他目前是京都立命馆大学的客座教授。“因此，没有人知道会发生什么。”宫家邦彦说，他“仍持谨慎乐观态度，但乐观多于谨慎”。 |
| For the moment, the political risk is higher for Mr. Yoon. When he announced last week that South Korea would create a government-run fund to pay wartime forced laborers as a workaround for a Korean court order requiring compensation from Japanese companies, victims and activists denounced the agreement. | 就目前而言，尹锡悦要承担的政治风险更大。他上周宣布韩国将设立政府基金来赔偿战时强迫劳工，这是就韩国法院要求日本企业进行赔偿的判决采取的权宜之计，此协议遭到了受害者和活动人士的谴责。 |
| Opposition lawmakers described it as “one of the worst diplomatic disasters in the history of South Korea-Japan relations.” Public opinion polls released in Seoul this week showed that close to 56 percent of the public regarded Mr. Yoon’s solution to the forced labor dispute as “humiliating diplomacy.” | 反对党议员称此举是“韩日关系史上最糟糕的外交灾难之一”。本周首尔公布的民意调查显示，近56%的民众认为尹锡悦解决强迫劳工纠纷案的办法是“屈辱外交”。 |
| In Japan, which appeared to give little last week, the response was more favorable — a Kyodo News poll on Monday showed more than 57 percent of the public supporting the South Korean solution. | 日本似乎在上周的协议中没做多少让步，其国内反应更加积极——共同社周一的一项民调显示，超过57%的民众支持韩国的解决方案。 |
| There is still risk for Mr. Kishida from the right flank of his Liberal Democratic Party and other conservative critics. An editorial in the Sankei Shimbun, a right-leaning newspaper in Tokyo, castigated Japan’s welcoming response to Mr. Yoon’s plan last week as “extremely regrettable” and “pandering” to South Korea for “distorting and denouncing historical facts.” | 岸田文雄仍可能遭遇来自他所在政党自民党的右翼和其他保守派批评人士的压力。东京右翼报纸《产经新闻》的一篇社论谴责称，日本上周对尹锡悦计划的欢迎“极其令人遗憾”，是“迎合”韩国“对历史事实的歪曲和否认”。 |
| The newspaper said that by not openly objecting to the agreement, Mr. Kishida had tacitly accepted the South Korean court’s argument: that Japanese companies owed the Korean laborers reparations despite a 1965 agreement through which Japan had already made payments. | 该报声称，岸田文雄没有公开反对该协议，等于默认了韩国法院的主张，即在1965年已经支付了赔偿金的协议之外，日本企业仍对韩国劳工欠下赔款。 |
| Despite such criticism, analysts expect that Japan will eventually offer even more in return. Keidanren, Japan’s largest business federation, announced on Thursday that it would work with its counterpart from South Korea to set up a scholarship fund for student exchanges between the two countries. | 尽管有这样的批评，分析人士预计日本最终会拿出更多回报。日本最大的商业联合会经济团体联合会(Keidanren)周四宣布，将与韩国的同级别机构共同设立一项奖学金，用于两国学生的交流。 |
| South Korea has also suggested that it would like Japanese companies to make voluntary contributions to the forced-labor fund. So far, the Japanese business community has not said much, but analysts said it was probably mulling some kind of conciliatory gesture. Mr. Yoon said that South Korea would not demand that Japanese companies pay into the fund. | 韩国还表示，希望日本企业能向强制劳动基金做出自愿捐款。到目前为止，日本商界还没有太多表态，但分析人士称，商界可能已在考虑拿出某种和解姿态。尹锡悦表示，韩国不会要求日本企业向该基金注资。 |
| “If the South Korean side goes first and doesn’t ask too much of the Japan side, then the Japanese side will try to make an advance,” said Tsuneo Watanabe, senior research fellow at the Sasakawa Peace Foundation in Tokyo. | “如果韩方率先表态，不向日本提太多要求，那日方也会努力推进，”东京笹川平和财团上席研究员渡部恒雄说。 |
| The last time a South Korean president came to Japan for an official bilateral visit, in 2011, Lee Myung-bak pressed his hosts to compensate Korean women who were forced to work as sex slaves by the Japanese military during World War II. | 韩国总统上一次对日本进行正式双边访问是在2011年，当时李明博敦促日本对“二战”期间沦为日军慰安妇的韩国女性进行赔偿。 |
| When Japan did not reciprocate, the South Korean public turned against Mr. Lee, who went on to antagonize Tokyo by visiting a disputed set of islets in the sea between South Korea and Japan in 2012. Relations between the two countries deteriorated from there. | 由于日本没有做出回应，韩国公众开始反对李明博。2012年，李明博访问了位于韩日之间海域的争议群岛，此举又惹恼了东京。两国关系从此恶化。 |
| This time around, both sides may have strong reasons to keep the reconciliation on track, as Russia’s war in Ukraine causes energy shortages and supply chain problems, and China’s rising ambitions threaten to alter the balance of power in Asia. | 如今，两国都有充分理由维持和解姿态，因为俄罗斯在乌克兰的战争造成了能源短缺和供应链问题，而中国日益增长的野心也有可能改变亚洲的力量平衡。 |
| “There are extraneous events that force collaboration and cooperation,” said Rahm Emanuel, the U.S. ambassador to Japan. Even as relations between Japan and South Korea remained frosty in recent years, trilateral meetings between the Americans, the South Koreans and the Japanese continued. | “外部问题促成了协同合作的立场，”美国驻日大使拉姆·伊曼纽尔表示。即便近年来日韩关系依然冷淡，但美韩日之间的三边会晤仍在继续。 |
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