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| NEW DELHI — When the top diplomats of four major Asia-Pacific nations met here in the Indian capital on Friday to discuss issues in the region, one had a direct message for the behemoth whose shadow loomed over the talk. |
| 新德里——上周五，亚太地区四个主要国家的高级外交官在印度首都会面讨论地区问题时，有一个人对笼罩着会谈的那个庞然大物发出了直接喊话。 |
| China must “act under the international institutions, standards and laws” to avoid conflict, Yoshimasa Hayashi, the foreign minister of Japan, said on a public panel that included his counterparts from the United States, India and Australia. |
| 在一个包括美国、印度和澳大利亚外长在内的公开座谈上，日本外相林芳正表示，中国必须“在国际机构、标准和法律的约束下行动”，以避免冲突。 |
| That request is one that every official on that stage has made on many occasions. Although Russia’s war in Ukraine has dominated diplomatic dialogue around the globe this past year, the dilemma of dealing with an increasingly assertive China is ever-present — and for many nations, a thornier problem than relations with Moscow. They subscribe to the framing that President Biden and his aides have presented: China is the greatest long-term challenge, and the one nation with the power and resources to reshape the American-led order to its advantage. |
| 当时在台上的每一位官员都在多个场合提出过这一要求。尽管俄罗斯在乌克兰的战争是过去一年全球外交对话的主要内容，但如何应对日益强硬的中国的难题始终存在——对许多国家来说，这比同莫斯科之间的关系更加棘手。他们认同拜登总统及其助手提出的框架：中国是最大的长期挑战，也有能力和资源重塑美国主导的秩序，使其对中国有利。 |
| At the heart of this predicament is the fact that the United States and its allies maintain deep trade ties with China even as their security concerns and ideological friction with the nation’s leader, Xi Jinping, and the Chinese Communist Party escalate. |
| 这一困境的核心是，美国及其盟友与中国保持着深厚的贸易关系，即使他们的安全关切以及与中国领导人习近平和中国共产党的意识形态摩擦不断升级。 |
| For President Biden and his aides, that tension came into sharp focus in recent weeks after a Chinese spy balloon began drifting over the continental United States, and when, in their telling, they came across intelligence that China is considering sending weapons to Russia for its war. That prospect has prompted American diplomats and those from allies and partners to deliver warnings to Chinese counterparts, including here in New Delhi. |
| 对拜登总统和他的助手而言，最近几周双方的紧张关系变得非常突出——一个中国间谍气球在美国大陆上空飘浮；他们还得到情报称中国正在考虑为俄罗斯的战争输送武器。这一前景促使美国及其盟友和伙伴的外交官向中国外交官发出警告，包括在新德里发表的言论。 |
| The anxieties over both China’s and Russia’s increasingly discordant roles on the world stage were perhaps wrapped into a lament on Thursday by Prime Minister Narendra Modi of India that “multilateralism is in crisis today.” |
| 上周四，印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪感叹，“当今的多边主义面临危机。”这或许可以反映对中俄在世界舞台上日益不协调的角色的担忧。 |
| “Global governance has failed in both its mandates” of preventing wars and fostering international cooperation, he said in a video address to a conference of top diplomats from the Group of 20 nations, made up of the world’s major economies, including China and Russia. |
| 他在对二十国集团高级外交官会议的视频讲话中说，“全球治理在防止战争和促进国际合作这两个任务上都失败了”。二十国集团由包括中国和俄罗斯在内的世界主要经济体组成。 |
| The four Asia-Pacific countries represented on the panel one day later at the Raisina Dialogue form the Quad partnership, which was revived in 2017 after many years of dormancy and has gained momentum since, mainly because of shared strategic concerns over China. But in a sign of the delicate balance they are trying to strike in relations with Beijing, the diplomats took pains to stress in their public comments that the Quad is not a security or military organization. Mr. Hayashi was the sole panelist to mention China, and only after being prompted by the panel’s moderator. |
| 在于次日进行的上述座谈会上，与会的四个亚太国家曾经通过“瑞辛纳对话”形成“四方安全对话”机制，在沉寂多年后，该伙伴关系于2017年重启，此后势头强劲，主要是因为对中国的共同战略关切。但这些外交官在公开评论中煞费苦心地强调，该机制不是一个安全或军事组织，这表明他们正试图在与北京的关系中保持微妙的平衡。林芳正是唯一一位提到中国的嘉宾，而且是在主持人的提示下才提到的。 |
| Their joint statement, released after private meetings, did not mention China, although many points in it, including the issue of “peace and security in the maritime domain,” are obviously aimed at Chinese policies. |
| 他们在非公开会议后发表的联合声明中没有提到中国，尽管其中包括“海洋领域的和平与安全”问题在内的许多观点，显然是针对中国的政策。 |
| At the earlier Group of 20 conference, the foreign minister of China, Qin Gang, joined the foreign minister of Russia, Sergey V. Lavrov, in playing the role of spoiler. |
| 在早些时候的二十国集团会议上，中国外长秦刚和俄罗斯外长谢尔盖·拉夫罗夫一起扮演了搅局者的角色。 |
| Together, they opposed two paragraphs in a proposed consensus communiqué, the first of which directly criticized Russia’s war in Ukraine. Even though the leaders of the Group of 20 had approved the same two paragraphs in a consensus document at a meeting last year in Bali, Indonesia, China has dug in with Russia to sabotage both this week’s communiqué and a similar one proposed at a G20 finance ministers’ conference in late February in Bengaluru, India. |
| 他们共同反对拟议的共识公报中的两个段落，其中第一段直接批评了俄罗斯在乌克兰的战争。尽管二十国集团领导人去年在印度尼西亚巴厘岛的一次会议上通过了一份共识文件中的同样两段内容，但中国与俄罗斯联手破坏了公报，以及二月底在印度班加罗尔举行的二十国集团财长会议上提出的一份类似文件。 |
| The second paragraph in the communiqué that they objected to did not mention Russia or Ukraine. It simply said that all the nations agreed to uphold United Nations principles on international humanitarian law, “including the protection of civilians and infrastructure in armed conflicts” and forbidding “the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons.” |
| 他们反对的公报文件的第二段没有提到俄罗斯或乌克兰，只是表示所有国家都同意维护联合国关于国际人道主义法的原则，“包括在武装冲突中保护平民和基础设施”，以及禁止“使用或威胁使用核武器”。 |
| Some diplomats privately expressed surprise that China opposed a reiteration of such basic principles, a move that forced the conference to issue a lower-level chair’s statement. Mr. Qin’s stance seemed to validate concerns that his government was willing to side with Russia in a growing number of diplomatic venues — including at the United Nations Security Council — to undermine policies or actions that the vast majority of nations endorse. |
| 一些外交官私下里对中国反对重申这些基本原则表示惊讶，此举迫使会议发表了一份级别较低的主席声明。秦刚的立场似乎证实了人们的担忧，即中国政府愿意在越来越多的外交场合站在俄罗斯一边，破坏绝大多数国家支持的政策或行动——包括在联合国安理会。 |
| “Russia and China were the only two countries that made clear that they would not sign on to that text,” Antony J. Blinken, the U.S. secretary of state, said pointedly at a news conference on Thursday night. He added that he agreed with Mr. Modi “that there are real challenges to the multilateral system.” |
| “俄罗斯和中国是仅有的两个明确表示不会签署该文本的国家，”美国国务卿安东尼·布林肯在上周四晚上的新闻发布会上尖锐地说。他还表示，他同意莫迪的观点，“多边体系面临着真正的挑战”。 |
| He noted, too, that at the U.N. Security Council, “we have two countries in particular that tend to block the attempted actions of the council to address some of the most urgent global concerns.” |
| 他还指出，在联合国安理会，“有两个国家尤其倾向于阻止安理会采取行动，解决一些最紧迫的全球关切问题。” |
| Mr. Blinken has also expressed skepticism over a push by Beijing for peace negotiations in the war in Ukraine, saying Chinese officials are merely creating a smoke screen to buy Russia more time to press its assault. |
| 布林肯还对北京推动就乌克兰战争进行和平谈判的努力表示怀疑，称中国官员只是在制造烟雾，为俄罗斯争取更多时间发动进攻。 |
| Chinese officials say they will happily cooperate with countries in the international system, and that it is the United States fanning the flames of division with its “Cold War mentality.” |
| 中国官员表示，他们愿意在国际体系中与其他国家合作，是美国用其“冷战思维”煽动分裂的火焰。 |
| China is ready to work with other Group of 20 nations to both “stay committed to solidarity and cooperation” and “play a bigger role in addressing major global economic and financial challenges,” said Mao Ning, a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman, at a news conference in Beijing on Thursday as the meetings in New Delhi began. |
| 上周四在新德里的会议开始时，中国外交部发言人毛宁在北京举行的新闻发布会上表示，中国愿与二十国集团的其他国家一道，“坚持团结合作的精神……在应对全球经济金融重大挑战，推动世界经济稳定复苏和全球发展方面发挥更大作用。” |
| After Mr. Blinken’s critical remarks, Ms. Mao said Friday that Mr. Qin had urged the Group of 20 nations to engage in “real multilateralism” and avoid “power politics and camps of confrontation.” She added that the G20 was an inappropriate venue for discussing Ukraine, and criticized the Quad partnership as a “closed small circle.” |
| 在布林肯发表批评言论后，毛宁于上周五表示，秦刚敦促二十国集团践行“真正的多边主义”，避免“强权政治、甚至阵营对抗”。她还说，二十国集团会议不是讨论乌克兰问题的合适场合，并批评四边机制是一个“排他封闭的‘小圈子’”。 |
| Ms. Mao also lashed out at an announcement by the U.S. Commerce Department on Thursday that it was restricting trade with 28 Chinese entities that American officials accused of violating U.S. sanctions, including certain bans on nuclear and missile technology sales. That move, Ms. Mao said, showed the United States was going to great lengths to “suppress Chinese enterprises.” |
| 毛宁还抨击了美国商务部上周四宣布限制与28家中国实体进行贸易的声明，美国官员指责这些实体违反了美国的制裁措施，包括对核技术和导弹技术销售的某些禁令。毛宁说，此举表明美国正在竭尽全力“打压中国企业”。 |
| The Biden administration has broadened an effort begun by the Trump administration to hobble Chinese companies that the U.S. government views as potential national security threats, including Huawei, China’s most important communications technology company. Last October, Mr. Biden announced sweeping restrictions on selling advanced semiconductors and semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China, in what aides called an effort to end China’s access to “foundational technologies.” |
| 拜登政府扩大了一些始于特朗普政府的行动，以限制美国政府视为潜在国家安全威胁的中国公司，包括中国最重要的通信技术公司华为。去年10月，拜登宣布全面限制向中国出售先进半导体和半导体制造设备，助手们称此举是为了阻止中国获得“基础技术”。 |
| The Biden administration is pushing two allies, Japan and the Netherlands, to also impose further limits on sales of semiconductor manufacturing equipment to China. That subject might have come up when Mr. Blinken met in New Delhi with his Dutch and Japanese counterparts. The move is another manifestation of the Biden administration’s belief that China can be constrained only by getting allies and partners on the same page. |
| 拜登政府正在推动日本和荷兰这两个盟国也进一步限制向中国销售半导体制造设备。布林肯在新德里会见荷兰和日本外长时可能会提到这个话题。此举再次表明，拜登政府相信，只有让盟友和伙伴站在同一立场上，才能遏制中国。 |
| And Mr. Blinken warned China on Thursday night of economic penalties if it went ahead with giving weapons to Russia: “We have sanctions authorities of various kinds,” he said. |
| 布林肯上周四晚上警告中国，一旦向俄罗斯提供武器，中国将受到经济惩罚：“我们有各种各样的制裁权力，”他说。 |
| For world leaders, those irrepressible tensions are more evidence that the international system is cleaving into blocs, and that Mr. Modi’s urgent plea to diplomats this week was falling on deaf ears: “Focus not on what divides us, but on what unites us.” |
| 对世界领导人来说，这些无法抑制的紧张局势进一步证明，国际体系正在分裂成多个集团，而莫迪向外交官发出的紧急呼吁却无人理睬：“不要关注让我们分裂的东西，而要关注把我们团结在一起的东西。” |
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