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| WARSAW — President Biden and Vladimir V. Putin laid out radically different visions on Tuesday for Ukraine’s future, offering sharply contrasting narratives about who is to blame for the bloody, yearlong war and seeming to agree on only one point: The conflict is nowhere near an end. |
| 华沙——周二，拜登总统和普京总统对乌克兰未来的看法大相径庭，针对谁是这场长达一年的血腥战争的罪魁祸首，他们给出了截然不同的叙述，而且似乎只在一点上达成一致：冲突远未结束。 |
| Mr. Biden repeatedly blamed Mr. Putin, the president of Russia, for dragging Europe back to brutality on a scale not seen since World War II: hundreds of thousands killed or wounded, and whole cities ruined. He accused the Russian leader of wide-ranging atrocities and called on the world to stand up to him and other “tyrants.” |
| 拜登一再指责俄罗斯总统普京将欧洲拖进二战以来所未见的暴行：数十万人伤亡，整座城市被毁。他指责这位俄罗斯领导人犯下了罄竹难书的暴行，并呼吁全世界站起来对抗他和其他“暴君”。 |
| “Autocrats only understand one word: No, no, no,” Mr. Biden declared, standing under a cold drizzle in front of an enthusiastic crowd of thousands waving American and Ukrainian flags at the royal castle in Warsaw. “President Putin chose this war,” he added. “Every day the war continues is his choice. He could end the war with a word.” |
| 在寒冷的细雨中，成千上万热情的人们站在华沙皇家城堡前挥舞着美国和乌克兰国旗。“专制者只懂一个字：不，不，不，”拜登站在他们面前宣称。“普京总统选择了这场战争，”他还说。“每一天的战争都是他的选择。他可以用一个字来结束战争。” |
| Mr. Putin expected Kyiv, Ukraine’s capital, to fall to the Russian invasion, but “Kyiv stands!” Mr. Biden thundered, appearing energized by his surprise trip to that city the day before. But he added that the fight continued, and that there would be “hard and very bitter days, victories and tragedies.” |
| 普京预计乌克兰首都基辅会在俄罗斯的入侵下沦陷，但“基辅屹立不倒！”拜登高喊，前一天出人意料的基辅之行似乎令他充满活力。但他还说，战斗仍在继续，将会有“艰难和非常痛苦的日子、胜利和悲剧”。 |
| In Moscow, giving an annual state-of-the-nation speech earlier on Tuesday, Mr. Putin blamed the United States and its allies for turning the Ukraine conflict into a “global confrontation.” He evoked the high-stakes drama of the Cold War by announcing a suspension of Russia’s participation in the last remaining nuclear treaty with America, whose verification requirements his country had already been ignoring. |
| 周二早些时候，普京在莫斯科发表年度国情咨文演讲，指责美国及其盟友将乌克兰冲突演变成“全球对抗”。他宣布暂停俄罗斯与美国之间最后仅存的核条约——此前俄罗斯已经在拒绝接受该条约的核查——令人想到冷战时期那些惊天动地的紧张事件。 |
| The Russian leader — much like his American counterpart in the dueling address — indicated a grim immediate future ahead in Ukraine, one where the grinding war is likely to continue for years, testing the patience of Russia’s people, business leaders and already bloodied military. |
| 这位俄罗斯领导人——和跟他在唱对台戏的美国领导人一样——暗示了乌克兰眼前的严峻前景，一场残酷的战争可能会持续数年，考验着俄罗斯人民、商界领袖和已经受创军队的耐心。 |
| Mr. Putin spent much of the 100-minute speech on the nuts and bolts of preparing Russia for a long-term confrontation. He urged oligarchs to bring their money home, because he said Western countries could not be trusted. He promised changes to Russia’s education system, and to science and technology policy — dragging them back from Western-style approaches — to help the country outlast sanctions. |
| 在100分钟的演讲中，普京的大部分时间在谈论让俄罗斯为长期对抗做好准备的具体细节。他敦促寡头把他们的钱带回家，因为他说西方国家不可信。他承诺改变俄罗斯的教育体系和科学技术政策——将它们从西式方法中拉回来——以帮助该国度过制裁期。 |
| And though he did not acknowledge the heavy losses Russian forces have suffered, he pledged that soldiers and draftees taking part in the war would receive two weeks of leave every six months. |
| 尽管不承认俄罗斯军队遭受了重大损失，他承诺参战的士兵和应征入伍者每六个月将有两周假期。 |
| Mr. Putin underpinned all of that with his usual appeal to cultural issues, even citing the Church of England’s consideration of gender-neutral terms to refer to God. |
| 普京以他一贯对文化议题的主张来作为对这一切言论的支持，甚至提到英格兰教会考虑使用不分性别的人称来指代上帝。 |
| “Millions of people in the West understand that they are being led to a real spiritual catastrophe,” Mr. Putin said, though he did not mention Mr. Biden by name. “The elites, one must say, are simply going crazy.” |
| “数以百万计的西方人明白，他们正被引向一场真正的宗教灾难，”普京说，不过他没有点名拜登。“不得不说，这些精英根本就是在发疯。” |
| Mr. Biden’s aides said the president’s intention was to mark Friday’s anniversary of the Russian invasion by celebrating allied solidarity and delivering the message that freedom and democracy were at stake on the battlefields of Ukraine. |
| 拜登的助手说，总统在周五的纪念日上颂扬了同盟的团结，并告诉人们乌克兰战场事关自由和民主的存亡，以此纪念俄罗斯入侵一周年。 |
| But the split-screen moment was undeniable, as the two leaders spoke about 700 miles and a few hours apart. Mr. Biden did not call Mr. Putin a war criminal, as he did from Warsaw in March of last year, but he leveled a string of accusations against Mr. Putin, including taking Ukrainian children in an attempt to steal the country’s future, and for months cutting off exports of Ukrainian grain, causing a global food shortage. |
| 但这毫无疑问是一场对台戏，因为两位领导人相距约1100多公里，演讲相差几个小时。拜登并没有像去年3月在华沙那样称普京为战争罪犯，但他对普京提出了一系列指控，包括绑架乌克兰儿童以图窃取该国的未来，以及切断乌克兰谷物的出口长达数月，导致全球粮食短缺。 |
| “Putin tried to starve the world,” he said. |
| “普京试图让世界挨饿，”他说。 |
| The speeches came at a critical moment. While the European allies have held together far more effectively than anyone expected a year ago, there were signs at the Munich Security Conference, which concluded on Sunday, that many European leaders are wondering whether they will be able to sustain the current level of spending on arms, government support and humanitarian aid to Ukraine. |
| 发表这些讲话的时刻很关键。虽然欧洲盟友比一年前更有效地团结在一起，超过所有人的预期，但在周日结束的慕尼黑安全会议上，有迹象表明，许多欧洲领导人想知道他们是否能够维持目前对乌克兰的武器、政府支持和人道主义援助上的支出。 |
| Mr. Biden praised the spirit of the people of Moldova, a former Soviet republic, for having the resolve to “live in freedom,” and he recalled how Poles endured for decades “under the iron fist of Communist rule.” He suggested that Moldova, Poland and pro-democracy dissidents in Belarus, Russia’s authoritarian ally, represent the thirst for freedom in the face of oppressive regimes. |
| 拜登赞扬了前苏联共和国摩尔多瓦人民“自由生活”的精神，他还回顾了波兰人如何在“共产主义统治的铁腕政权下”忍受了几十年。他认为，摩尔多瓦、波兰和俄罗斯的威权主义盟友白俄罗斯的亲民主异见者代表了在压迫政权面前对自由的渴望。 |
| Mr. Biden acknowledged that there were real questions when the war started about whether the democratic nations of Europe and the world would rise to the challenge. Those questions, he said, have now been answered. |
| 拜登承认，当战争开始时，欧洲和世界的民主国家是否会奋起应对挑战是一个真正的问题。他说，这个问题现在已经有了答案。 |
| “Yes, we would stand up for sovereignty — and we did,” Mr. Biden told the crowd, which stood bathed in lights aimed at the centuries-old castle. “Yes, we would stand up for the right of people to live free from aggression — and we did. We would stand up for democracy — and we did.” |
| “是的，我们会捍卫主权——我们做到了，”拜登对人群说，此刻他们正笼罩在照射这座百年城堡的光芒中。“是的，我们会捍卫人们免受侵略的权利——我们做到了。我们会捍卫民主——我们做到了。” |
| The president’s speech followed meetings with President Andrzej Duda of Poland. Mr. Biden called the relationship between their countries a crucial part of the success of NATO, which he called “maybe the most consequential alliance in history.” |
| 总统的讲话是在会见波兰总统安杰伊·杜达之后发表的。拜登称两国之间的关系是北约成功的关键，他称北约“可能是历史上最重要的联盟”。 |
| Mr. Biden was scheduled to meet on Wednesday with the “Bucharest Nine,” the leaders of countries along the eastern flank of NATO, most of them sharing borders with Russia, Ukraine or Belarus. |
| 拜登原定于周三会见“布加勒斯特九国”，即北约东翼国家的领导人，其中大多数与俄罗斯、乌克兰或白俄罗斯接壤。 |
| In the most impassioned moment of the speech, Mr. Biden vowed to uphold NATO’s Article 5 defense pact. “An attack against one is an attack against all,” he declared. “It’s a sacred oath. A sacred oath to defend every inch of NATO territory.” |
| 在演讲中最慷慨激昂的时刻，拜登发誓要维护北约第5条。“对一个成员国的攻击就是对所有成员国的攻击，”他宣称。“这是一个神圣的誓言。捍卫北约每一寸神圣领土的誓言。” |
| In Moscow, Russian officials were busy shoring up their most important international relationship as Wang Yi, China’s most senior foreign policy official, visited the Russian capital. Video released by the Kremlin showed Mr. Wang exchanging a friendly handshake with Nikolai P. Patrushev, Mr. Putin’s top national security aide. |
| 在莫斯科，中国最高外交政策官员王毅访问俄罗斯首都之际，俄罗斯官员正忙于巩固他们最重要的国际关系。克里姆林宫发布的视频显示，王毅与普京的最高国家安全助理尼古拉·P·帕特鲁舍夫友好握手。 |
| Mr. Wang met with Western officials, including Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken, at the Munich conference last weekend, and promised that China would try to use diplomacy to end the war in Ukraine. But the televised portion of Mr. Wang’s meeting with Mr. Patrushev focused on Russia and China’s bilateral ties. |
| 上周末，王毅在慕尼黑会议上会见了包括国务卿布林肯在内的西方官员，并承诺中国将尝试通过外交手段结束乌克兰战争。但王毅与帕特鲁舍夫会晤的电视转播部分主要侧重于俄中双边关系。 |
| Mr. Patrushev told Mr. Wang that both nations were under pressure from “the collective West,” so that their deepening cooperation “is taking on special significance.” Mr. Wang said that Russia and China should “develop new steps of strategic cooperation in accordance with the changing situation.” |
| 帕特鲁舍夫告诉王毅，两国都面临着来自“西方集团”的压力，因此双方深化合作“具有特殊意义”。王毅说，俄罗斯和中国应该“根据形势变化制定战略合作的新步骤”。 |
| Mr. Wang will hold more meetings in Moscow on Wednesday, and the Kremlin has hinted at a meeting with Mr. Putin. |
| 王毅周三将在莫斯科举行更多会晤，克里姆林宫已经暗示他将与普京会晤。 |
| In Mr. Putin’s speech on Tuesday, the only major revelation was that he would not allow U.S. inspections to verify compliance with New START, a nuclear arms control treaty that is set to expire in three years. He did not signal any major change in how he would wage the war in Ukraine: There was no official declaration of war, no announcement of a new draft, and no new threat of using nuclear weapons. |
| 在普京周二的讲话中，唯一的重大消息是，他将不允许美国检查《新削减战略武器条约》的遵守情况。该条约将于三年后到期。在乌克兰战争方面，他没有表示将做出任何重大改变：没有正式宣战，没有宣布新的征兵计划，也没有使用核武器的新威胁。 |
| Instead, Mr. Putin’s main underlying message was that Russians, and implicitly the Western coalition that opposes him, must prepare for the war — which he continued to call a “special military operation” — to last for years. |
| 相反，普京的主要潜在信息是，俄罗斯人，以及暗中反对他的西方联盟，必须做好准备，这场战争——他继续称其为“特别军事行动”——还将持续多年。 |
| “We will solve the tasks before us step by step, carefully and consistently,” he said. Claiming that the West was trying to “shift a local conflict into a phase of global confrontation,” he pledged that “we will respond accordingly.” The more long-range weapons the West delivers to Ukraine, he said, “the farther we will be forced to move the threat from our borders.” |
| 他说：“我们将一步一步、谨慎而持续地解决摆在我们面前的任务。”他声称，西方正试图“将局部冲突转变为全球对抗”，并承诺“我们将做出相应的回应”。他说，西方提供给乌克兰的远程武器越多，“我们就会被迫把威胁从我们的边境转移得更远的地方。” |
| The confident picture presented by Mr. Putin drew plenty of applause from the ruling elites — regional officials, lawmakers, Patriarch Kirill of the Russian Orthodox Church — gathered in a hall across Red Square from the Kremlin. It ignored Russia’s repeated setbacks at the front and its bloody, slow-moving efforts to eke out territorial gains in eastern Ukraine. |
| 普京表现出的自信赢得了统治精英的大量掌声，这些精英包括地方官员、议员、俄罗斯东正教大牧首基里尔。他们聚集在克里姆林宫红场对面的一个大厅里。这种自信对俄罗斯在前线的一再受挫，以及它在乌克兰东部夺取领土血腥而缓慢的努力视而不见。 |
| His words signaled that Russia was prepared to intensify the fighting, but they sounded less ominous than the barely veiled threats he made several times last year about the potential use of nuclear weapons. Mr. Putin’s tone was more measured than that in his last major speech to the nation, in September, when he announced a military draft and said he was ready to use “all the means at our disposal to protect Russia and our people.” |
| 他的话表明，俄罗斯准备加强战斗，但与他去年数次几乎不加掩饰地威胁可能使用核武器相比，这些话听起来威胁性没有那么强。与去年9月向全国发表重要讲话时相比，普京这次的语气更加谨慎。当时，他宣布了征兵计划，并表示他准备“动用一切可以动用的手段来保护俄罗斯和我们的人民”。 |
| “Everything is changing now, changing very fast,” Mr. Putin said on Tuesday, referring to the consequences of war and of sanctions. “This is a time of not just challenges, but of opportunities.” |
| “现在一切都在变化，变化得非常快，”普京周二说，他指的是战争和制裁的后果。这不仅是一个充满挑战的时代，也是一个充满机遇的时代。” |
| Mr. Putin suggested that time was on his side, because Ukraine’s people could still turn against their government and the West could face its own political upheavals. After listing examples of what he described as the West’s moral depravity, Mr. Putin said that many people around the world agreed with him. |
| 普京表示，时间站在他这一边，因为乌克兰人民仍有可能反抗自己的政府，西方也可能面临自己的政治动荡。在列举了他所谓的西方道德败坏的例子之后，普京说，世界上许多人都同意他的观点。 |
| There was no new policy evident in Mr. Biden’s speech, either, though the president promised new sanctions on Russia by the end of the week and said vaguely that “we will hold accountable those who are responsible” for the war. |
| 拜登的演讲中也没有明显的新政策，不过总统承诺在本周末对俄罗斯实施新的制裁，并含糊地表示，“我们将追究”对这场战争负有责任的人。 |
| He did not address the limitations of sanctions, which the West has discovered as China, India and Turkey, among others, have kept buying Russian petroleum products. |
| 他没有提到制裁的局限性，西方已经发现，中国、印度和土耳其等国一直在购买俄罗斯石油产品。 |
| Mr. Biden thanked Poland for taking in 1.5 million Ukrainian war refugees and for becoming the primary transfer point for a flood of arms that have been critical for Ukraine’s military forces. But his rallying cry to the Polish people omitted discussion of the White House’s current worries. |
| 拜登感谢波兰接收了150万乌克兰战争难民，并成为大量武器的主要转运点，这些武器对乌克兰军队至关重要。但他对波兰人民的号召忽略了白宫目前的担忧。 |
| Mr. Biden and his aides are concerned that the war could be devolving into a stalemate, in which neither side will negotiate but neither can turn the tide. |
| 拜登及其助手担心，这场战争可能会陷入僵局，双方都不会谈判，但都无法扭转局势。 |
| He made no reference to Mr. Putin’s announcement about New START. Nor did he mention Mr. Putin’s episodic threats to employ nuclear weapons, usually uttered when Russian forces were losing ground. |
| 他没有提到普京关于《新削减战略武器条约》的表态。也没有提到普京不时关于动用核武器的威胁，这些威胁通常是在俄罗斯军队节节败退的时候发出的。 |
| But while the White House has tried at various points to make the case that the war in Ukraine is a battle for the preservation of some norms of national behavior — respect for the sovereignty of nations, and the right of populations to choose their leaders — he kept returning to Mr. Putin himself. |
| 不过，尽管白宫在不同场合下试图证明乌克兰战争是一场维护国家行为准则的战斗——尊重国家主权，以及人民选择领导人的权利——但他还是不断回到普京本人的问题上。 |
| At one point he mocked one of the Russian leader’s core claims, that Russia invaded in self-defense. Mr. Putin said earlier in the day that NATO had been planning to attack Russia, presumably from inside Ukraine. |
| 他一度嘲笑了这位俄罗斯领导人的一个核心主张之一，即俄罗斯入侵是出于自卫。普京当天早些时候表示，北约一直计划从乌克兰境内攻击俄罗斯。 |
| “The West was not plotting to attack Russia,” Mr. Biden said. |
| “西方没有密谋攻击俄罗斯，”拜登说。 |
| The war, he argued, was brought about solely by the Russian leader’s desires, but “President Putin’s craven lust for land and power will fail.” |
| 他认为，这场战争完全是由俄罗斯领导人的欲望引起的，但“普京总统对土地和权力的懦弱欲望将会失败”。 |
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