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| SEOUL — North Korea launched two short-range ballistic missiles off its east coast on Friday, the South Korean military said. It was the latest provocation from the North, which has vowed to increase its nuclear and missile capabilities to counter Washington and Seoul. |
| 首尔——韩国军方表示，朝鲜于周五在其东海岸发射了两枚短程弹道导弹。这是来自朝鲜的最新一次挑衅，该国誓要增强核能力和导弹能力，以对抗华盛顿和首尔。 |
| The two missiles were fired from the Sunan district of Pyongyang, the capital, South Korean defense officials said, adding that they were analyzing data from the tests to learn more about the missiles. |
| 韩国国防官员表示，这两枚导弹是从首都平壤顺安区发射的，他们还称正在分析试射数据，以了解更多关于导弹的信息。 |
| North Korea has launched at least 92 ballistic and other missiles in 2022 — more than in any previous year. Each was in defiance of U.N. Security Council resolutions that ban the country from testing ballistic missiles, as well as nuclear devices. Below is a summary of the launches North Korea has carried out since January 2022, according to data from North Korean state media and the South Korean military. |
| 2022年，朝鲜至少发射了92枚弹道导弹和其他导弹，比以往任何一年都要多。每一次发射都是对联合国安理会禁止该国试射弹道导弹和核装置决议的漠视。以下是对朝鲜自2022年1月以来发射导弹的总结，数据来自朝鲜官方媒体和韩国军方。 |
| December 2022 |
| 2022年12月 |
| New ICBM Appears to Be in Development |
| 新型洲际弹道导弹似乎正在研发中 |
| Two short-range ballistic missiles fired on Dec. 23 | Two medium-range ones on Dec. 18 |
| 12月23日发射了两枚短程弹道导弹｜12月18日发射了两枚中程弹道导弹 |
| On Dec. 16, North Korea tested what it called a new, high-thrust rocket engine that used solid fuel as it looks to grow its capabilities. Two days later, it launched what the South Korean military called two medium-range ballistic missiles from the same site where the new rocket engine was tested. North Korea claimed that it was testing technologies to place a military spy satellite into the Earth’s orbit. |
| 12月16日，朝鲜称其测试了一种新型大推力火箭引擎，为提升性能使用了固体燃料。两天后，朝鲜在测试新火箭引擎的地点发射了韩国军方所称的两枚中程弹道导弹。朝鲜声称这是在测试将军事间谍卫星送入地球轨道的技术。 |
| South Korean officials are analyzing data to determine if the tests had anything to do with the North’s efforts to build a solid-fuel intercontinental ballistic missile. Such a missile would be easier to transport and hide, and faster to launch — and thus harder to intercept — than the North’s existing ICBMs, all of which depend on liquid fuel. |
| 韩国官员正在分析数据，以确定这些试射是否与朝鲜制造固体燃料洲际弹道导弹的工作有关。这种导弹比朝鲜现有的全部依赖于液体燃料的洲际弹道导弹更易于运输和隐藏，发射速度更快，因此也更难以拦截。 |
| Kim Yo-jong, the sister and spokeswoman for the North’s leader, Kim Jong-un, warned on Dec. 20 that the country may launch a missile on a full ICBM range for the first time in the country’s history. Experts have questioned whether North Korea possesses the technology to do so on full trajectory — entering space and blasting back through the Earth’s atmosphere to hit its intended target. Ms. Kim threatened to put those doubts to rest. |
| 朝鲜最高领导人金正恩的妹妹兼发言人金与正12月20日警告称，朝鲜可能会有史以来第一次全射程发射一枚洲际弹道导弹。专家质疑朝鲜是否掌握了在完整轨道上发射的技术——即让导弹进入太空，再飞回地球大气层打击指定目标。金与正曾威胁要消除这些质疑。 |
| November 2022 |
| 2022年11月 |
| A Next-Generation ICBM Is Tested |
| 测试下一代洲际弹道导弹 |
| A Hwasong-17 ICBM fired on Nov. 18 | Six ballistic missiles, including an ICBM, on Nov. 3 | At least 29 short-range ballistic and other missiles on four different days |
| 11月18日发射一枚“火星-17”洲际弹道导弹｜11月3日发射六枚导弹，包括一枚洲际弹道导弹｜在四天之中至少发射了29枚短程弹道导弹和其他导弹。 |
| November was the busiest month in North Korean missile tests in 2022, with at least 46 ballistic and other missiles launched, half of them on Nov. 2 alone. One of the missiles fired that day flew over the inter-Korean maritime border and fell into waters off the east coast of South Korea, triggering an aerial-attack warning alarm on a populated island. In response, the South fired three air-to-surface missiles across the border into waters near North Korea. |
| 11月是朝鲜2022年导弹试射最频繁的月份，至少发射了46枚弹道导弹和其他导弹，其中一半都是在11月2日发射的。当天发射的一枚导弹飞越了朝韩海上边界，落入韩国东海岸附近的海域，在一个人口稠密的岛屿上触发了空袭警报。作为回应，韩国向朝鲜附近海域发射了三枚空对面导弹。 |
| The North capped its brisk weapons activities in November by test-firing the Hwasong-17, its newest and most powerful ICBM, on Nov. 18. The missile was launched at a deliberately steep angle, high into space. The flight data indicated that if launched at a normal angle, the missile theoretically could reach anywhere in the continental United States. |
| 11月18日，朝鲜试射了最新型同时也是最强大的洲际弹道导弹“火星-17”，该国活跃的武器活动在11月达到顶峰。这枚导弹故意以陡峭的角度发射，高高地射向太空。飞行数据表明，如果以正常角度发射，该导弹理论上可以到达美国大陆的任何地方。 |
| October 2022 |
| 2022年10月 |
| A Missile Flies Over Japan |
| 一枚导弹飞越日本 |
| An intermediate-range ballistic missile launched on Oct. 4 | Two “long-range strategic cruise missiles” on Oct. 12 | Nine short-range ballistic missiles on five different days |
| 10月4日发射一枚中程弹道导弹｜10月12日发射两枚“远程战略巡航导弹”｜五天之中发射了九枚短程弹道导弹 |
| In the fall, South Korea, the United States and Japan stepped up joint military exercises to strengthen their deterrence against North Korea’s growing missile and nuclear threat. At the same time, North Korea’s missile tests became increasingly provocative. On Oct. 4, North Korea fired an intermediate-range ballistic missile that flew over northern Japan, triggering alarms and prompting residents to seek cover. On Oct. 12, it launched what it called two “long-range strategic cruise missiles” that it said were deployed at units operating “tactical nukes.” It also claimed that it rehearsed the launching of “nuclear warheads” at “the enemies’ main military command facilities” during tests conducted on Oct. 6. |
| 今年秋天，韩国、美国和日本扩大联合军事演习，以加强对朝鲜日益增长的导弹与核威胁的威慑。与此同时，朝鲜的导弹试射变得愈发具有挑衅性。10月4日，朝鲜发射了一枚中程弹道导弹，飞越日本北部，引发了警报并导致居民寻求掩护。10月12日，朝鲜发射了其所谓的两枚“远程战略巡航导弹”，朝鲜称这些导弹已经部署到操作“战略核武器”的部队。朝鲜还声称，在10月6日的试射中进行了在“敌人的主要军事设施”发射“核弹头”的演习。 |
| September 2022 |
| 2022年9月 |
| First Test From an Underwater Silo |
| 首次测试水下导弹发射井 |
| Five short-range ballistic missiles launched on three different days |
| 三天之中发射了五枚短程弹道导弹 |
| As the American aircraft carrier USS Ronald Reagan sailed to waters off the Korean Peninsula for joint military drills with South Korea and Japan in September and October, North Korea began testing short-range ballistic missiles. It said that one test simulated the launch of a nuclear missile from an underwater silo; another rehearsed the launch of “nuclear warheads” at airports in South Korea. |
| 随着美国航空母舰罗纳德·里根号于9月和10月驶入朝鲜半岛海域与日韩进行联合军事演习，朝鲜开始试射短程弹道导弹。该国表示，其中一次试射模拟了从水下导弹发射井发射核弹；另一次试射则演练了在韩国机场发射“核弹头”的情况。 |
| August 2022 |
| 2022年8月 |
| North Rebuffs Overtures From South Korea |
| 朝鲜拒绝韩国提议 |
| Two cruise missiles fired on Aug. 17 |
| 8月17日发射两枚巡航导弹 |
| North Korea fired two cruise missiles off its west coast, two days after President Yoon Suk Yeol of South Korea made what he called an “audacious” proposal to the North. Mr. Yoon said South Korea would start providing economic incentives immediately if the North began serious negotiations to denuclearize. North Korea called him “simple” and “childish.” |
| 韩国总统尹锡悦向朝鲜提出他所谓的“大胆”建议——即朝鲜若能展开严肃的无核化谈判，韩国将立即开始提供经济刺激措施，两天后，朝鲜在其西海岸发射了两枚巡航导弹。朝鲜称尹锡悦“愚蠢”且“幼稚”。 |
| June 2022 |
| 2022年6月 |
| U.S. and Allies Respond to Provocations |
| 美国及盟友回应挑衅 |
| Eight short-range missiles fired on June 5 |
| 6月5日发射了八枚短程导弹 |
| Eight short-range ballistic missiles were fired from four different locations in North Korea. The missiles flew between 68 and 416 miles to the east. Over the next two days, South Korea and the United States conducted live-fire missile and joint air force drills to counter the North’s escalation. |
| 这八枚短程导弹从朝鲜四个不同地点发射。导弹向东飞行了约110至670公里。那之后两天，韩国和美国进行了导弹实弹和联合空军演习，以回应朝鲜升级局势的行为。 |
| May 2022 |
| 2022年5月 |
| Biden Trip Prompts a Volley of Missiles |
| 拜登之行引发导弹齐射 |
| A submarine-launched ballistic missile fired on May 7 | Seven other ballistic missiles on three different days |
| 5月7日发射了一枚潜射弹道导弹｜三天之中发射了另外七枚弹道导弹 |
| North Korea launched three ballistic missiles on May 25 while President Biden was flying home after a visit to South Korea and Japan. The first missile was believed to be an ICBM fired on a reduced range, covering a distance of only 224 miles. In response, the United States and South Korea each fired a ballistic missile in a counter military drill. |
| 5月25日，在拜登总统完成对日韩的访问后乘飞机回国之时，朝鲜发射了三枚弹道导弹。第一枚导弹被认为是射程缩小的洲际弹道弹道，射程仅有360公里。作为回应，美韩在一次反制军事演习中各发射了一枚弹道导弹。 |
| April 2022 |
| 2022年4月 |
| North Korea Tests a New Weapon |
| 朝鲜试射新武器 |
| Two short-range ballistic missiles fired on April 16 |
| 4月16日发射了两枚短程弹道导弹 |
| North Korea fired two short-range ballistic missiles off its east coast in April. It later indicated that the “new-type tactical guided weapon” was developed as a means of delivering “tactical nukes.” |
| 4月，朝鲜在其东海岸发射了两枚短程弹道导弹。朝鲜后来表示，这种“新型战术制导武器”是作为运载“战术核武器”的手段而开发的。 |
| March 2022 |
| 2022年3月 |
| One of the Most Powerful ICBM Launches |
| 发射最强大的洲际弹道导弹之一 |
| An ICBM launched on March 24 | A failed ICBM test on March 16 | A ballistic missile on March 5 |
| 3月24日发射了一枚洲际弹道导弹｜3月16日的一次洲际弹道导弹试射失败｜3月5日发射了一枚弹道导弹 |
| North Korea said on March 5 that it launched a rocket as part of its efforts to send a reconnaissance satellite into space. But South Korean and American officials said that the North was testing a Hwasong-17 ICBM. Not all of the Hwasong-17 tests were successful, with one rocket exploding shortly after takeoff. On March 24, a missile soared 3,850 miles into space in one of the North’s most powerful ICBM launches. |
| 朝鲜在3月5日宣称发射了一枚火箭，这是向太空发射一颗侦察卫星的工作的一部分。但韩国和美国官员表示，朝鲜正在试射“火星-17”洲际弹道导弹。并非所有“火星-17”的试射都是成功的，有一枚火箭在起飞后不久就爆炸了。3月24日，在朝鲜对最强大的洲际弹道弹道的一次试射中，一枚导弹飞入了约6200千米高的太空。 |
| February 2022 |
| 2022年2月 |
| North Korea Tests ICBM Technology |
| 朝鲜试验洲际弹道导弹技术 |
| A ballistic missile fired on Feb. 27 |
| 2月27日发射了一枚弹道导弹 |
| A projectile soared from the Sunan district of Pyongyang and flew 186 miles to the east in February. North Korea said the launch was part of its preparations to place a reconnaissance satellite in the Earth’s orbit. But South Korean and American officials said the North was testing a Hwasong-17, its latest-generation ICBM. |
| 2月，一枚导弹从平壤顺安区发射升空，向东飞行了300公里。朝鲜称此次发射是将一颗侦察卫星送出地球轨道的部分准备工作。但韩国和美国官员表示，朝鲜是在试射最新一代洲际弹道导弹“火星-17”。 |
| January 2022 |
| 2022年1月 |
| A New Year Begins With Provocations |
| 新的一年以挑衅开始 |
| An intermediate-range ballistic missile fired on Jan. 30 | Eight cruise or short-range ballistic missiles on four different days | Two “hypersonic” missiles on two days |
| 1月30日发射了一枚中程弹道导弹｜四天之中发射了八枚巡航或短程弹道导弹｜两天发射了两枚“高超音速”导弹 |
| North Korea began the year with a series of short-range ballistic missile tests, including “hypersonic” missiles and some launched from train cars. On Jan. 27, it launched its Hwasong-12 intermediate-range ballistic missile. The missile was first tested in 2017. This time, the North said it randomly selected one for testing from multiple Hwasong-12s “being produced and deployed” by the North Korean military. |
| 新年伊始，朝鲜就进行了一系列短程弹道导弹试射，包括“高超音速”导弹和一些从列车车厢发射的导弹。1月27日，朝鲜发射了“火星-12”中程弹道导弹。该导弹于2017年首次进行试射。这一次，朝鲜称其从朝鲜军方“生产和部署”的多枚“火星-12”导弹中随机选择了一枚进行试射。 |
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