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| HONG KONG — The 65-year-old woman crouches in a field and holds up a head of cabbage. Behind her, two friends sway back and forth, cucumber and radish in their hands. “This rotten cabbage, let’s pull it out, eat it, achieve some foodie freedom,” Guo Yifen, the woman with the cabbage, raps in a low and creaky voice in the song “Spicy Hot Pot Real Rap.” |
| 香港——这位65岁女人蹲在田里，手拿一棵生菜。她身后的两个朋友摇晃着，手里拿着黄瓜和萝卜。“烂了的生菜，是我照顾不周，拔了吧吃了吧，实现吃货自由。”在《麻辣烫真说唱》中，拿着生菜的女人郭义芬用低沉沙哑的声音唱道。 |
| The trio, known as Sister Wang Is Coming, is known for sharing playful videos on Douyin, the Chinese version of TikTok. Ms. Guo and her musical partners, Wang Shuping, 64, and Wang Xiurong, 66, have more than half a million followers who watch their food-related music videos, featuring jams like “Fried Mushrooms” and “Country Food Rap.” |
| 在抖音上，这个三人组合“王大姐来了”以发布好玩的视频而闻名。郭女士和她的说唱队友——64岁的王树平和66岁的王秀荣有超过50万的粉丝，人们观看她们制作的和食物相关的音乐视频，其中包括《炸了蘑菇》和《乡村美食说唱》等表演。 |
| The group is part of a growing number of older Chinese who have found viral success sharing their daily lives online. In this corner of the Chinese internet, octogenarians croon, septuagenarians tango and gray-haired fashionistas strut down catwalks and offer makeup tips to millions of fans. There’s even an 86-year-old man who just sits and plays video games like Call of Duty. |
| 越来越多的中国老年人通过在网上分享自己的日常生活而爆红，该组合就属于其中之一。在中国互联网的这个角落，八十多岁的人唱歌、七十多岁的人跳探戈，满头白发的时尚达人自信地走秀，或是向数百万粉丝示范化妆技巧。甚至还有一位86岁的老人，他只是坐在那玩《使命召唤》等电子游戏。 |
| With more than 260 million residents over 60, China has the largest, and fastest-growing, population of old people in the world. Nearly half are online, where some choose to live out their professional dreams, while others are simply having a little fun. Many find companionship through their fans, an antidote to an otherwise lonely life. They are among a new generation of Chinese retirees who have fewer grandchildren than those before and the financial freedom to pursue hobbies and share their experiences online. |
| 中国60岁以上的人口超过2.6亿，是世界上老年人口最多、增长最快的国家。这些人中将近一半的人上网，其中一些人选择实现自己的职业梦想，而另一些人则只是想找点乐子。许多人觉得粉丝是一种陪伴，可以缓解原本孤独的生活。他们属于新一代中国退休人群，和以前的人相比，没有那么多孙辈，而且财务自由，可以追求自己的爱好并在网上分享他们的经历。 |
| The singers, dancers and accidental celebrities are part of a global community of seniors who have embraced the highs, and sometimes lows, of social media. |
| 这些歌手、舞者和偶然成名的人是全球老年人社区的一部分，他们欣然接受了社交媒体的潮起——以及偶尔的——潮落。 |
| In China, influencers are helping to challenge a particularly entrenched stereotype that grandparents are expected to stay home or help care for their families by cleaning, cooking and looking after their grandchildren while their adult children work. For some retirees, grandchildren aren’t a factor at all, with more young Chinese rejecting marriage or choosing not to start a family. |
| 在中国，网红们正在助力挑战一种尤为根深蒂固的刻板印象，即当成年子女工作时，祖父母应该留在家里帮忙操持家务——打扫卫生、做饭和照料孙辈。对于一些退休人士来说，完全不用考虑孙辈，因为越来越多的中国年轻人不想结婚或选择不组建家庭。 |
| “We look at our parents’ old age and we think, we have to live in a different way,” said Sun Yang, 66. A former English teacher who retired more than a decade ago, Ms. Sun and three of her friends are fashion influencers who go by the name Glamma Beijing. In their videos, they model vintage and modern clothes and weave style tips with everyday advice on life. |
| 66岁的孙洋说：“以前当我们看到自己父母年老的时候，我们就想，要活得和他们不一样。”十多年前退休的英语教师孙洋和她的三个朋友现在是名为“时尚奶奶”的时尚网红。在她们的视频中，她们穿复古和现代服装走台步，并穿插发布搭配技巧与日常生活建议。 |
| “What we do now is something we could only dream of when we were young,” she said. Many of Glamma Beijing’s more than two million followers are in their 50s and 60s. But there are younger ones, too, who ask the women about school and dating. Some say the tutorials helped them get over their fear of aging, Ms. Sun said. |
| “我们现在做的事儿，是我们以前只能梦想去做但没法儿实现的，”她说。“时尚奶奶”超过200万的关注者中有许多是五六十岁的人。但也有一些年轻人向这些女性请教学习和约会的建议。孙洋说，有的人说这些教程帮助他们克服了对衰老的恐惧。 |
| The Glamma Beijing stars will occasionally feature family in their videos. Ms. Sun’s daughter-in-law manages the social media account, and her 6-year-old granddaughter often helps film. But mostly, the four women talk about traveling, hiking and attending rehearsals for fashion shows. |
| “时尚奶奶”的明星们偶尔会在她们的视频中展示家庭。孙洋的儿媳负责管理社交媒体帐号，她六岁的孙女经常帮忙拍视频。但大多数情况下，这四位女性谈论的是旅行、远足和参加时装秀的彩排。 |
| Independence is a common theme among many of the influencers’ videos, as they push back against the thought that seniors should stay home in retirement and help raise the next generation. |
| 独立是许多网红视频中的一个共同主题，他们反对老年人应该在退休后留在家中并帮助抚养下一代的想法。 |
| In the music videos by Sister Wang Is Coming, Ms. Guo and her friends run around in fields, playing pranks on one another, or lie in the grass and daydream. They rap about their love of cooking and eating. It’s a world away from the daily routines they once had as mothers and wives with children to raise and husbands to feed. |
| 在“王大姐来了”的MV中，郭女士和她的朋友们在田野里奔跑，或互相搞恶作剧，或躺在草丛中做白日梦。她们用说唱表达对做饭和享受美食的热爱。这与她们过去的日常生活相比恍如隔世，在过去，她们是母亲和妻子，要抚养孩子，喂饱丈夫。 |
| “Times are changing,” said Lin Wei, 67, another Glamma and a former nurse who vowed to stay active in her old age. “We need to keep up with society and integrate into it.” |
| “现在时代也在变化，”另一位时尚奶奶、67岁的林玮说，她曾是一名护士，发誓要在晚年保持活力。“我们也要跟上社会、融入社会。” |
| China is facing a host of demographic challenges — including plummeting rates of marriages and a record-low number of births — that have helped change the cultural norms around what growing old means. With one of the lowest retirement ages in the world — the average is 60 for men and 55 for women — Chinese seniors have plenty of time to pursue new creative endeavors online. |
| 中国正面临着一系列人口挑战——包括直线下降的结婚率和创历史新低的出生率——这些挑战改变了人们对于衰老意味着什么的文化范式。作为世界上退休年龄最低的国家之一——男性平均退休年龄为60岁，女性平均退休年龄为55岁——中国老年人有充足的时间在网上进行新的创造性尝试。 |
| “For previous generations, their lives were more confined to within the family, watching TV and taking care of children,” said Bei Wu, a professor of global health at New York University. “But now this generation, because they have less grandchild-raising responsibilities, they have more leisure time, their scope of activity is beyond the family, and so the role of their friends and social lives is greater.” |
| “对于前几代人来说，他们的生活更局限于家庭、看电视和带孩子，”纽约大学全球健康教授吴蓓说。“但现在这一代人，因为带孙子的责任少了，闲暇时间多了，活动范围也超出了家庭，所以朋友和社交生活的比重更大了。” |
| For the foodie rapping grannies who live in a village near Beijing, the videos started as a way to pass the time during the pandemic. “It was just having fun and messing around,” said Wang Shuping. When Ms. Wang’s son, Ren Jixin, came to visit over a Lunar New Year holiday, he thought he could help the women polish their act. |
| 对于这三位居住在北京附近村庄的美食说唱大妈来说，这些视频最初是作为疫情期间打发时间的一种方式。“我们就是按照抖音里的一些动作瞎拍瞎胡闹，找快乐，”王树平说。她的儿子任继鑫春节时来看她，他认为他可以帮助这些大妈精进自己的表演。 |
| “We sing out of tune. We are tone deaf,” Ms. Guo said. Mr. Ren, a composer for documentary films, suggested the trio rap instead of sing, and he started writing lyrics for the group. This year, hundreds of thousands of people started to follow their Douyin account. Mr. Ren moved back home and now spends several days a week writing, rehearsing and filming. |
| “我们唱歌走调，五音不全，”郭义芬说。任继鑫是一名纪录片作曲家，他建议三人组用说唱代替唱歌，并开始为三人组写歌词。今年，数十万人开始关注他们的抖音帐号。任继鑫搬回家，现在每周花几天写作、排练和拍摄。 |
| “It exercises our brain,” Ms. Guo said of the content they create. |
| “锻炼脑子，”郭义芬在谈到他们创作的内容时说。 |
| There’s money in it, too. Through their Douyin account, Sister Wang Is Coming make about $1,400 a month. It’s not enough to live on, but as their fan base grows, they have generated more interest from companies that want to advertise with them. |
| 这样也能赚到钱。她们的抖音帐号“王大姐来了”每月收入约1万元。这并不足以维持生计，但随着粉丝数量的增长，她们吸引了更多公司的兴趣，想通过她们做广告。 |
| For Glamma Beijing, streaming is much more lucrative. They can make more than $115,000 from advertising and sales commissions with just a handful of livestreams. In one such event in August, the four grandmothers sat by a lake in a Beijing park and talked about their youth as 21,000 people watched online. |
| 北京的时尚奶奶们能通过流媒体赚更多的钱。她们仅通过少量直播就能靠广告和销售佣金赚取近20万元的收入。在今年8月的一次活动中，四位老奶奶坐在北京一个公园的湖边讲述她们的青春，有2.1万人在线观看。 |
| But success can have its challenges. Some older influencers in the country are managed by talent agencies that impose grueling quotas and demand their clients hawk products and brands. Fans can be fickle, and social media platforms like Douyin can bombard users with channels more focused on selling products than telling a good story. |
| 但成功也面临挑战。在这个国家，老年网红由经纪公司管理，规定了苛刻的配额，要求其客户兜售产品和品牌。粉丝可能是善变的，抖音这样的社交媒体平台可能会用更专注销售产品而不是讲好故事的频道来轰炸用户。 |
| When Tang Shikun, 86, started filming himself singing in 2020, a thousand viewers would tune in each session. These days, only about 20 people watch Mr. Tang at any given time. Douyin has told his grandson, Tang Rui, who manages the account, that Mr. Tang’s content is too simple and therefore doesn’t get promoted on the platform. |
| 86岁的唐士坤从2020年开始拍摄自己唱歌，当时每个视频都会有1000名观众收看。如今，任何时候，大约只有20人看他的演唱。抖音告诉他的孙子、管理该帐号的唐锐说，他的内容过于简单，因此无法在抖音平台上得到推广。 |
| That hasn’t bothered Mr. Tang, who performs under the account name Grandpa Loves Singing. A former munitions inspector at a state-owned factory, Mr. Tang has been retired for 36 years. Music, he said, has given him fulfillment since he moved from northeastern China to the tropical southern province of Hainan in 2019. |
| 这并没有困扰唐士坤，他的帐号是“爷爷爱唱歌”。唐士坤曾是一家国有工厂的军需品检查员，已经退休36年。他说，自2019年从中国东北搬到南部热带省份海南以来，音乐给了他满足感。 |
| Mr. Tang, a widower, found it lonely at first living in a new city. “Now I play the keyboard for people on Douyin, and I can get to know all the friends in the world,” he said. There are some regulars in his daily sessions for whom Mr. Tang likes to play their favorite songs. |
| 鳏居的唐士坤刚开始在一个陌生的城市生活时觉得很孤独。“现在我在抖音弹琴给网友听，天下的朋友都认识了，”他说。他的日常演唱能吸引一些常客，唐士坤喜欢为他们弹唱他们喜欢的歌曲。 |
| One fan, a 50-year-old contractor who goes by the name “Sunshine” online, likes the traditional Mongolian ballad “The Prairie Has a Blue River.” Another fan, a woman in her 50s from the southwestern province of Yunnan, once asked Mr. Tang’s grandson for his bank account details. She sent him more than $2,000. |
| 一个网名为“阳光灿烂”的50岁承包商粉丝喜欢蒙古传统民谣《草原上有一条蓝色的河》。另一位来自云南省的50多岁女性粉丝曾向唐士坤的孙子询问他银行账户的详细信息，给他转了至少15000元。 |
| Mr. Tang said he had made more than $68,000 in tips and donations since he started posting his videos online two years ago. “I play the keyboard and sing happily, and people who listen can also benefit from that happiness,” he said. “I think old people should have their own way of life,” he added, “not sit idle every day, but find their own hobbies to enjoy happiness.” |
| 唐士坤说，自两年前开始在网上发布视频以来，他已经通过打赏和捐款赚了五六万。“我弹琴唱歌高高兴兴，在抖音听曲子的人也能受益也能快乐。我觉得老年人要有自己一个活法，不要攀比，也不要每天闲坐着。找到自己的爱好去享受快乐，”他说。 |
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