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| In her two decades leading House Democrats, Speaker Nancy Pelosi of California has been one of the most powerful and iconic women in Washington. When she was sworn in as speaker in 2007, surrounded by the children of members of Congress, she became the first woman to serve in that post. And over the years, Ms. Pelosi was often photographed as the lone woman in rooms full of men, even after the ranks of Congress became more diverse. | 在领导众议院民主党人的20年间，来自加州的议长南希·佩洛西一直是华盛顿影响力最大、外界最耳熟能详的女性之一。2007年，她在国会议员子女的簇拥下宣誓就任议长，成为首位担任该职位的女性。多年来，佩洛西经常成为照片中满是男性的房间里唯一的女性，即使在国会席位变得更加多样化之后依然如此。 |
| Throughout her career, Republicans have vilified her; she is now one of the most threatened members of Congress. She had a particularly toxic relationship with former President Donald J. Trump, and their hostile interactions often drew attention, including when Ms. Pelosi aimed what appeared to be sarcastic applause at him at one of his State of the Union addresses and when she ripped up a copy of his remarks at another. | 在她整个职业生涯中，共和党人对她诋毁不断；她如今已是国会中受到威胁最多的议员之一。她与前总统特朗普的关系尤为恶劣，两人之间充满敌意的互动经常引发关注，比如在特朗普的一次国情咨文演讲中，佩洛西朝他做出了带有讽刺意味的鼓掌手势，还在他的另一次国情咨文演讲中撕碎了讲稿副本。 |
| Here are the most enduring images of Ms. Pelosi during her speakership and what they mean. | 以下是佩洛西议长生涯中最经典的画面，以及它们所代表的意义。 |
| Feb. 5, 2019 | 2019年2月5日 |
| The Clap | 鼓掌 |
| At the first State of the Union address that President Trump delivered to a Democratic-controlled House, Ms. Pelosi pointedly applauded as Mr. Trump called to end the “politics of revenge.” She later said that she had not intended the gesture to be “sarcastic” and in fact welcomed his message. But the moment, which went viral, concisely captured the dynamic of their relationship for the next two years. | 特朗普总统首次向民主党控制的众议院发表国情咨文演讲，就在他呼吁结束“报复政治”之时，佩洛西针对性地鼓起了掌。她后来表示，自己并不想用这个手势来“讽刺”他，事实上，她支持他的表态。但这一迅速传开的瞬间的确精准概括了两人在那之后两年的关系。 |
| Dec. 18, 2019 | 2019年12月18日 |
| Trump’s First Impeachment | 首次弹劾特朗普 |
| Ms. Pelosi closely oversaw the impeachment proceedings against Mr. Trump, directing Democrats to move forward with an official inquiry and personally overseeing the vote that sealed him as only the third American president to be impeached. | 佩洛西对特朗普的弹劾程序进行了密切监督，指示民主党推进一项正式调查，并亲自负责监督表决，使他成为了历史上第三位遭到弹劾的美国总统。 |
| “The president leaves us no choice but to act because he is trying to corrupt, once again, the election for his own benefit,” she said. | “总统让我们别无选择，只能采取行动，因为他为了自身利益试图再次破坏选举，”她说。 |
| Feb. 4, 2020 | 2020年2月4日 |
| Ripping Trump’s Speech | 撕碎特朗普的讲稿 |
| As Mr. Trump finished his State of the Union address in 2020, Ms. Pelosi, clad in a white pantsuit that evoked the women’s suffrage movement, stood stone-faced, and ripped her copy of his speech in half, tossing the remnants on the rostrum. | 就在特朗普结束2020年的国情咨文演讲之时，佩洛西身穿让人联想到妇女参政运动的白色长裤套装，面无表情地站着，把自己手中的讲稿副本撕成两半，扔到了讲台上。 |
| The move apparently outraged Mr. Trump, but she later told Democratic lawmakers in a closed-door meeting that she felt “very liberated” by the act. If anyone had done any shredding, she told them, it was Mr. Trump, who “shred the truth right in front of us.” | 此举显然激怒了特朗普，但她在后来的一次闭门会议上对民主党议员表示，那样的行为让她感到“解脱”。她对他们说，就算有人撕碎了什么，那也是特朗普，是他“在我们面前撕碎了真相”。 |
| Ms. Pelosi later said she kept the shreds of the speech. | 佩洛西后来说，她保留了撕毁的讲稿。 |
| Dec. 11, 2018 | 2018年12月11日 |
| Oval Office Showdown | 椭圆形办公室里的摊牌 |
| Weeks after Democrats won control of the House in the 2018 midterms, Ms. Pelosi and Senator Chuck Schumer of New York, then the minority leader, sat down with Mr. Trump at the White House, in a meeting that quickly turned into a televised contest of wills. | 民主党在2018年中期选举赢得众议院控制权几周后，佩洛西与当时的少数党领袖、纽约州参议员查克·舒默在白宫与特朗普会谈，会面很快演变为一场电视转播的意志较量。 |
| “Mr. President,” she said at one point as Mr. Trump tried to undercut her, “please don’t characterize the strength that I bring.” | “总统先生，”她一度在特朗普试图贬低她时表示，“请不要这样描述我所带来的力量。” |
| In the end, Ms. Pelosi emerged triumphant, sliding on sunglasses as she strode out of the White House in a rust-colored coat. The picture was shared so widely online that the maker of her outerwear reissued it. | 最终，佩洛西凯旋而归，穿着红褐色大衣、戴上墨镜大步走出白宫。这张照片在网上得到广泛传播，以至于品牌厂商将这款外套重新上市。 |
| Clashes between Ms. Pelosi and Mr. Trump at the White House became something of a routine during the two years in which she served as speaker, and he as president. Nearly a year later, Mr. Trump tweeted a photograph showing Ms. Pelosi, at a long conference table filled almost entirely with men, standing and wagging her finger at him. | 在佩洛西担任议长、特朗普担任总统的两年时间里，他们在白宫的冲突已是家常便饭。近一年后，特朗普在Twitter上发了一张照片，其中佩洛西在一张几乎全是男性的长桌前，站起来向他摇着手指。 |
| Jan. 4, 2007 | 2007年1月4日 |
| First Woman Speaker | 首位女性议长 |
| Ms. Pelosi has repeatedly said that no issue drives her as singularly as securing the well-being of the nation’s children — so much so that her rallying cry became “For the children.” When she was first elected, Ms. Pelosi invited the children and grandchildren of lawmakers to join her at the rostrum to underscore the point. She repeated the move again in 2019 when she won the speaker’s gavel a second time. | 佩洛西曾多次表示，最让她充满动力的议题就是保障美国儿童的福祉——以至于她的政治口号都变成了“为了孩子”。首次当选议长后，佩洛西邀请各位议员的子女和孙辈与她一起站上讲台，强调了她的态度。在2019年第二次当选议长后，她重复了这一举动。 |
| Ms. Pelosi herself raised five children before entering politics, a chapter she credits with teaching her everything she needed to know about how to herd and hound politicians. She alluded to that history on Thursday as she announced that she would step down from leadership. | 佩洛西在从政前生养了五名子女，她说这段时光让自己明白了拉拢政客所需要知道的一切。周四，她在宣布将辞去议长职务的时候也提到了当年。 |
| When she first visited the House floor at the age of 6, she said, “never would I have thought that someday I would go from homemaker to House speaker.” | 她说，当她在六岁那年第一次参观众议院时，“从来没想过有一天我会从家庭主妇变成众议院议长。” |
| March 22 and 23, 2010 | 2010年3月22日和23日 |
| Passing the Affordable Care Act | 通过《平价医疗法案》 |
| Without Ms. Pelosi, one of former President Barack Obama’s defining achievements, the passage of the Affordable Care Act, might have never become law. | 如果没有佩洛西，《平价医疗法案》这个前总统奥巴马的标志性成就之一可能永远不会成为法律。 |
| With arm-twisting and tactical savvy, Ms. Pelosi was able to muster enough support in her divided caucus to pass the legislation, a feat that brought about a historic drop in the number of Americans without health insurance. About 35 million people have gained coverage under the Affordable Care Act and the expansion of Medicaid. | 佩洛西凭借强硬手腕和精明战略，在意见分歧的党团中取得了足够支持，让该法案得以通过，这一成就使得没有医保的美国人数量有了历史性的下降。因为《平价医疗法案》和联邦医疗补助计划的扩大，约有3500万人获得了医保。 |
| Ms. Pelosi recently called passage of the law her “major accomplishment.” | 佩洛西最近称该法案的通过是她的“主要成就”。 |
| January 2021 | 2021年1月 |
| Attack on the Capitol and Trump’s Second Impeachment | 国会大厦袭击事件和第二次弹劾特朗普 |
| After pro-Trump rioters stormed the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, Ms. Pelosi quickly worked with congressional leaders to secure the building so lawmakers could return and affirm President Biden’s victory — and then she moved to impeach Mr. Trump. | 在支持特朗普的暴动者于2021年1月6日闯入国会大厦后，佩洛西迅速与国会领导人合作确保了大楼的安全，以便议员们返回并确认拜登总统的胜选——然后她开始了弹劾特朗普的程序。 |
| In a later interview, Ms. Pelosi joked that she would have fended off the rioters with her trademark 4-inch stiletto heels, a mainstay of her wardrobe. | 在后来的一次采访中，佩洛西开玩笑称，她应该穿着自己标志性的10公分细高跟鞋来抵挡暴徒，那是她衣橱中的最重要单品。 |
| “Well, I’m pretty tough,” she told USA Today. “I’m a street fighter. They would have had a battle on their hands.” | “是的，我很坚强，”她告诉《今日美国》。“我是个狠角色。他们将会面临一场苦战。” |
| AUG. 3, 2022 | 2022年8月3日 |
| Trip to Taiwan | 访问台湾 |
| Ms. Pelosi, who has made challenging China on human rights a signature issue in her congressional career, was criticized for a trip to Taiwan last summer, which she made despite warnings from the Biden administration not to risk provoking Beijing. | 在国会职业生涯中，佩洛西在人权问题上挑战中国成为了她的一个标志性议题。今年夏季她对台湾的访问令其受到批评，尽管当时拜登政府发出了不要冒险激怒北京的警告，她仍然进行了访问。 |
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