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| Harvey Weinstein’s second sex crimes trial began Monday in Los Angeles. “She Said,” about the journalistic investigation that took him down and helped ignite the #MeToo movement, arrives in theaters on Nov. 18. “The Woman King” opened to strong ticket sales last month, with Viola Davis saying she thought about the man who sexually assaulted her to power her visceral performance as the leader of an all-female group of African warriors. |
| 哈维·韦恩斯坦的第二次性犯罪审判于周一在洛杉矶开庭。以那场将他打败并帮助点燃“#我也是”(#MeToo)运动的新闻调查改编的电影《她说》(She Said)将于11月18日上映。《达荷美女战士》(The Woman King)上个月上映后票房强劲，维奥拉·戴维斯扮演一个全女性非洲战士团体的领袖，她说，她会在脑海里回想这个对她进行性侵犯的男人，以增强她表演的真情实感。 |
| The convergence is a reminder of just how earthshaking #MeToo was for Hollywood. |
| 这一切提醒人们，“#我也是”运动给好莱坞带来了翻天覆地的变化。 |
| It helped touch off a broader reckoning in the entertainment industry around diversity, equity and inclusion on both sides of the camera — who gets to make movies, who gets to be the subject of them. Activists say that studios and sets have been permanently changed for the better. Zero tolerance for workplace sexual harassment and discrimination is real. |
| 它引发了娱乐业对镜头前后的多样性、公平性和包容性的更广泛思考——哪些人可以拍电影，哪些人可以成为电影的主题。活动人士说，制片公司和片场已朝着更好的方向做出了永久性的改变。人们做到了对工作场所性骚扰和歧视的零容忍。 |
| In recent months, however, Hollywood’s business culture has started to regress in subtle ways. |
| 然而，最近几个月，好莱坞的商业文化开始以微妙的方式倒退。 |
| New problems — widespread cost-cutting as the box office continues to struggle, coming union contract negotiations that producers worry will result in a filming shutdown — have become a higher priority. Fearing blowback, media companies that were vocal about #MeToo and Black Lives Matter have been quieter on more recent political debates over cultural issues. |
| 新的问题已成为更高的优先事项——随着票房继续挣扎，成本被普遍削减，制片人担心即将进行的工会合同谈判将导致电影停拍。由于担心引来不满，那些曾呼吁“#我也是”和“黑人的命也是命”的媒体公司在最近关于文化问题的政治辩论中变得沉默起来。 |
| Diversity, equity and inclusion executives say they are exhausted by an old-boy network that is continuously trying to reconstitute itself: Women who were hired for big jobs and held up as triumphant examples of a new era have been pushed aside, while some of the men who were sidelined by misconduct accusations are working again. |
| 主管多元化、公平和包容性的高管表示，他们已经对持续不断地重建自身的老男孩网络感到筋疲力尽：那些被赋予重要角色并被视为新时代胜利典范的女性被排挤，而一些因不当行为指控而被排除在外的人正在恢复工作。 |
| If asked to speak on the record about their continued dedication to change, Hollywood executives refuse or scramble in terror toward the “we remain staunchly committed” talking points written by publicists. But what they say privately is a different story. Some revert to sexist and racist language. Certainly, much of the fervor is gone. |
| 当有人要求他们公开谈论为变革做出的持续投入时，好莱坞高管会拒绝，或惊恐慌乱地指向公关人员撰写的“我们仍然坚定致力于”的谈话要点。但他们私下里说的是另一回事。有些人会使用性别歧视和种族主义语言。当然，不像以前那么狂热罢了。 |
| This article is based on interviews with more than two dozen industry leaders — including top studio executives, agents, activists, marketers and producers — who spoke on condition of anonymity to candidly discuss the current state of the entertainment business. They varied in age, race, ethnicity and gender. |
| 本文基于对超过20多名行业领袖的采访——包括顶级制片厂高管、经纪人、活动家、营销人员和制片人——他们在不愿透露姓名的情况下坦率地讨论了娱乐业的现状。他们的年龄、种族、民族和性别各不相同。 |
| “For three years, we hired nothing but women and people of color,” said a senior film executive, who like many leaders in the industry is a white male. He added that he did not think some of them were able to do the jobs they got. |
| “有三年时间我们只雇佣女性和有色人种，”一位资深电影高管说，他和业内许多领导者一样是白人男性。他还说，他认为其中一些人没有能力完成他们得到的工作。 |
| In hushed conversations over lunch at Toscana Brentwood and cocktails at the San Vicente Inn, some powerful producers and agents have started to question the commercial viability of inclusion-minded films and shows. |
| 大牌制片人和经纪人们在托斯卡纳·布伦特伍德吃着午餐，或是在圣维森特旅馆酒吧喝鸡尾酒，小声地说着他们已经开始质疑具有包容性的电影和节目的商业可行性。 |
| They point to terrible ticket sales for films like “Bros,” the first gay rom-com from a major studio, and “Easter Sunday,” a comedy positioned as a watershed moment for Filipino representation. “Ms. Marvel,” a critically adored Disney+ series about a teenage Muslim superhero, was lightly viewed, according to Nielsen’s measurements. |
| 他们指出，像《哥们儿》(Bros)这样的电影票房很糟糕，这是一家大型制片厂的第一部同性恋浪漫喜剧，还有《复活节》(Easter Sunday)，该喜剧被定位为代表菲律宾裔的分水岭时刻。《惊奇少女》(Ms. Marvel)是一部备受影评人推崇的迪士尼+系列剧，讲述的是一位青少年穆斯林超级英雄，但根据尼尔森收视率，观看人数很少。 |
| “There was an overcorrection,” one studio head said. |
| “出现了矫枉过正，”一位制片厂负责人说。 |
| At another major studio, a top production executive pointed to the implosion of Time’s Up, the anti-harassment organization founded by influential Hollywood women, as a turning point. “For a while, we all lived in complete fear,” he said. “That fear remains, but it has lessened. There is more room for gray and more benefit of the doubt and a bit of cringing about the rush-to-judgment that went on at the height of #MeToo.” |
| 在另一家大型制片厂，一位顶尖制片主管指出，由有影响力的好莱坞女性创立的反骚扰组织Time’s Up的内部分裂是一个转折点。“有一段时间，我们都生活在完全的恐惧中，”他说。“这种恐惧仍然存在，但已经减轻。灰色空间和无罪推定变多了，对“我也是”运动巅峰时期的仓促判断也有些忌讳了。” |
| Is this a pendulum swing back to the bad old days? |
| 我们又回到了糟糕的过去吗？ |
| “Amazing progress has been made that is not going away, and that should not be discounted or overlooked,” said Amy Baer, a producer, former studio executive and the board president of Women in Film, an advocacy organization. “But there is fatigue. It is hard to maintain momentum.” |
| “已经取得了惊人的进步，并且不会消失，这一点不应被打折扣或忽视，”制片人、前制片厂高管、倡导组织Women in Film的董事会主席艾米·贝尔说。“但有疲惫。很难保持势头。” |
| Entertainment companies are not backing off the tough sexual harassment policies that have been introduced in recent years, in part because board members are worried they will face shareholder lawsuits. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences recently recommitted to its diversification campaign. Despite years of aggressive efforts to invite women and people of color to become members, the academy is currently 66 percent male and 81 percent white. |
| 娱乐公司并没有撤回近年来推出的严厉性骚扰政策，部分原因是董事会成员担心他们将面临股东诉讼。美国电影艺术与科学学院最近再次致力于其多元化运动。尽管多年来积极努力邀请女性和有色人种成为会员，但该学院目前66%是男性，81%是白人。 |
| Studios remain focused on inclusive casting, most notably Disney, which has a live-action “Little Mermaid” movie on the way with a Black actress playing the title role, and a “Snow White” movie in production with a Latina lead. |
| 制片厂仍然专注于包容性选角，最著名的是迪士尼，该公司正在制作一部由黑人女演员担任主角的真人版《小美人鱼》(Little Mermaid)电影，以及一部由拉丁裔主演的《白雪公主》(Snow White)电影。 |
| The moment is nonetheless unnerving, said Sarah Ann Masse, an actress who appears in “She Said” — which is based on a book by The New York Times reporters Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey — and who serves on two sexual harassment prevention committees for SAG-AFTRA, the omnipotent actors union. In 2017, Ms. Masse accused Mr. Weinstein of sexually assaulting her in 2008. He has denied wrongdoing. |
| 但出演了《她说》的女演员莎拉·安·马塞说，这仍然是个令人沮丧的时刻。该剧改编自《纽约时报》记者乔迪·坎特和梅根·图赫的一本书。马塞还在掌握极大权力的演员联盟SAG-AFTRA的两个性骚扰预防委员会任职。2017年，马塞指控韦恩斯坦在2008年对她进行性侵犯。他否认有不当行为。 |
| “I’m not naïve enough to think that a system that is unequal and oftentimes oppressive — yes, still, very much so — is going to change overnight,” Ms. Masse said. “At the same time, I find it incredibly frustrating. People at the top of the food chain, in particular, seem to have gotten distracted by new concerns.” |
| “我还没有天真地认为，一个不平等且经常是压迫性的制度——是的，现在仍然如此——会在一夜之间改变，”马塞说。“同时，我又感到极为沮丧。尤其是处于食物链顶端的人们似乎已经被新的担忧分散了注意力。” |
| In August, Warner Bros. Discovery shelved “Batgirl,” a nearly finished movie starring a Latina actress, featuring a transgender actress in a supporting role, written by a woman, produced by women and directed by two Muslim men. Warner Bros. Discovery never publicly explained its decision, but signaled that it found “Batgirl” to be creatively lacking. |
| 今年8月，华纳兄弟探索搁置了《蝙蝠女》(Batgirl)。这部即将完成的电影由一名拉丁裔女演员担任主演，一名跨性别女演员担任配角，由女性担任编剧，制片人是女性，导演是两名穆斯林男性。华纳兄弟探索从未公开解释这一决定，但称它发现《蝙蝠女》缺乏创意。 |
| Dan Lin, a producer whose credits include “Aladdin” (2019) and “The Lego Movie,” was among those who inferred something else. |
| 制作了《阿拉丁》(Aladdin ，2019)和《乐高大电影》(The Lego Movie)等片的制片人林丹也认为还有其他因素。 |
| “It’s no longer about optics,” Mr. Lin said. “A recession is coming, budgets are tightening and I’m really worried that diversity is going to be the first thing that goes.” |
| “这不再仅仅是视觉问题，”林丹说。“经济衰退即将到来，预算也在紧缩，我真的很担心多样性会成为最先消失的东西。” |
| Last week, Warner Bros. Television, as part of wider cost cutting, shut down “new voices” programs for emerging writers and directors, prompting a fiery reaction from the Directors Guild of America. “The D.G.A. will not stand idly by while WB/Discovery seeks to roll back decades of advancement for women and directors of color,” the guild said in a statement. |
| 上周，华纳兄弟电视公司为了更广泛地削减成本，关闭了面向新兴编剧和导演的“新声音”项目，引发了美国导演协会的激烈反应。该协会在一份声明中表示:“当华纳/探索试图消解女性和有色人种导演几十年来取得的进步时，美国导演协会不会袖手旁观。” |
| Within a day, Warner Bros. Discovery had scrambled to clarify that, while the “new voices” programs would indeed end, it had planned all along to expand talent pipeline programs in its diversity, equity and inclusion department. |
| 一天之内，华纳兄弟探索就匆忙澄清，尽管“新声音”项目确实会结束，但该公司一直计划在其多元化、公平和包容部门扩大人才培养项目。 |
| “The resolve is still there to have more women and people of color in writers’ rooms and directing and up on the screen” Mr. Lin said. “The problem is that there is so little training and support. Those things cost money.” To help, Mr. Lin recently started a nonprofit accelerator called Rideback Rise that focuses on budding minority filmmakers and writers. |
| “让更多女性和有色人种进入编剧室、担任导演和登上银幕的决心依然存在，”林丹说。“问题是培训和支持太少了。这些东西要花钱。”为了提供帮助，林丹最近启动了一个名为Rideback Rise的非营利性加速器公司，专注于崭露头角的少数族裔电影制作人和作家。 |
| There is no longer across-the-board banishment for men who have been accused of misconduct. Johnny Depp is directing a film, having largely won a court case in which his former spouse, the actress Amber Heard, accused him of sexual and domestic violence. John Lasseter, the animation titan at Disney and Pixar, was toppled in 2018 by allegations about his behavior and unwanted hugging and apologized for “missteps” that made some staff members feel “disrespected or uncomfortable.” He is now making big-budget films for Apple TV+. James Franco’s acting career imploded in 2018 amid sexual misconduct allegations. Four years later, after a $2.2 million settlement in which he admitted no wrongdoing, he has at least three movies lined up. |
| 对被指控行为不端的男性，业内不再实行全面放逐。约翰尼·德普被前配偶、女演员安珀·赫德指控性暴力和家庭暴力，德普在官司中基本胜诉，如今他正在执导一部电影。2018年，迪士尼和皮克斯动画巨头约翰·拉塞特因其行为和不必要的拥抱遭受指责而下台，他为让一些员工感到“不受尊重或不舒服”的“失误”道歉。如今他正在为Apple TV+制作高预算电影。2018年，詹姆斯·弗兰科的演艺生涯因性行为不端指控而崩溃。他以220万美元和解，并在和解协议中没有承认任何不当行为，四年后，他手头至少有三部电影要拍。 |
| Studios have also started to take more risks with content — backing scripts, for instance, that would have been radioactive in 2018, at the height of #MeToo, or in 2020, when Black Lives Matter was at the forefront of the culture. |
| 电影公司也开始在内容上承担更多风险，例如，支持那些在2018年“#我也是”运动高潮时期，或者在2020年“黑人的命也是命”问题处于文化前沿时期可能会让人避之不及的剧本。 |
| Examples include “Blonde,” the Netflix drama about Marilyn Monroe that has been derided by critics as exploitative and misogynistic. (It features an aborted fetus that talks.) Paramount Pictures is working on a live-action musical comedy about slave trade reparations; it comes from Trey Parker and Matt Stone, the politically incorrect creative forces behind “South Park” and “The Book of Mormon.” |
| 比如Netflix出品的关于玛丽莲·梦露的电视剧《金发梦露》(Blonde)，一直被批评人士嘲讽为剥削和厌恶女性。（片中有一个会说话的流产胎儿。）派拉蒙影业正在制作一部关于奴隶贸易赔偿的真人音乐喜剧，来自特雷·帕克和马特·斯通的手笔，也就是创作了《南方公园》(South Park)和《摩门经》(The Book of Mormon)的那个政治不正确二人组。 |
| Two ride-along reality shows that glorified the police, “Cops” and “Live PD,” and were canceled in the aftermath of George Floyd’s killing in police custody have both been reconstituted. “Cops” was picked up by Fox Nation, a streaming service from Fox News, and “On Patrol: Live,” a thinly disguised copy of “Live PD,” debuted over the summer on Reelz, a cable network. |
| 乔治·弗洛伊德遭警察拘捕期间被杀后，两档美化警察的随车真人秀节目《警察》(Cops)和《直击追捕现场》(Live PD)被取消，现在它们已经恢复。《警察》被福克斯新闻旗下的流媒体服务福克斯国家选中，《巡逻现场》(On Patrol: Live)是《直击追捕现场》稍作掩饰的翻版，今年夏天将在有线电视网Reelz首播。 |
| At the same time, some movies and shows that overtly showcase diversity and inclusion have either struggled in the marketplace or failed to get off the runway. The takeaway, at least to some agents and studio executives: We tried — these “woke” projects don’t work. |
| 与此同时，一些公开展示多样性和包容性的电影和节目要么在市场上表现不佳，要么根本没能发布。至少对一些经纪人和电影公司高管来说，他们得出了这样的结论：我们试过了——这些“觉醒”的项目行不通。 |
| Of course, most of what Hollywood makes struggles to get noticed, and almost never for a single reason; nobody looks at poor ticket sales for a Brad Pitt movie and concludes that no one wants to see older white men onscreen. But entertainment is a reactive business — chase whatever worked over the weekend — and there is a risk that “go woke, go broke” jokes could calcify into conventional Hollywood wisdom. |
| 当然，好莱坞的大部分作品都要千方百计才能获得关注，而且几乎没有什么单一的理由；没有人看到布拉德·皮特主演的电影票房惨淡，就会得出结论说，没有人想在银幕上看到年长的白人男性。但娱乐是一个被动做出反应的行业——它追逐任何在周末行得通的东西——风险是，“走向觉醒，走向破产”的笑话可能会固化下来，成为好莱坞的传统智慧。 |
| “When the real question should be whether comedies generally can succeed at the box office, my concern is that the question is becoming ‘can a Filipino comedy work’ or ‘can a gay comedy work,’” said Mr. Lin, who produced “Easter Sunday,” which starred Jo Koy and collected $13 million in theaters before stalling out. “If you are a woman or a minority, you still do not get repeated chances.” |
| “当真正的问题应该是‘喜剧是不是通常来说就不会获得票房成功’时，我担心的是问题会变成‘菲律宾裔喜剧能成功吗’，或者‘同性恋喜剧能成功吗’，”林丹说。他制作了《复活节》(Easter Sunday)，该片由乔·科伊主演，在下线前获得了1300万美元的票房收入。“如果你是女性或少数族裔，你仍然无法反复得到机会。” |
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