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| LONDON — China has recruited as many as 30 retired British military pilots, including some who flew sophisticated fighter jets, to train pilots in the People’s Liberation Army, according to Britain’s Defense Ministry. A senior official said the ministry worried that the practice could threaten British national security. |
| 伦敦——据英国国防部称，中国已招募多达30名退役的英国飞行员帮助训练中国人民解放军的飞行员，其中一些人曾驾驶先进战斗机。一名高级官员表示，国防部担心这种做法可能威胁到英国的国家安全。 |
| Britain said it was working with allies to try to stop the practice, which the official said dated to before the coronavirus pandemic but had gained momentum in recent months. The recruited British pilots, the senior official said, included former members of the Royal Air Force and other branches of the armed forces. |
| 英国称，它正在与盟友合作，试图制止这种做法，据这名官员表示，中国这样做可以追溯到新冠疫情之前，但最近几个月势头有所增加。这位高级官员说，招募的英国飞行员包括前皇家空军和其他军种成员。 |
| None of the retired pilots are suspected of violating the Official Secrets Act, the British law that covers espionage, sabotage and other crimes. But the official said that Britain was determined to tighten the controls on retired service members to guard against training activities that could contravene espionage laws. |
| 这些退休飞行员都没有涉嫌违反《官方保密法》，这是一部涵盖间谍、破坏和其他罪行的英国法律。但这名官员表示，英国决心加强对退役军人的控制，以防止可能违反间谍法的训练活动。 |
| “We are taking decisive steps to stop Chinese recruitment schemes attempting to head hunt serving and former U.K. Armed Forces pilots to train People’s Liberation Army personnel in the People’s Republic of China,” said a spokesman for the Defense Ministry, who, under department rules, spoke on the condition that he not be named. |
| “我们正在采取果断措施，阻止中国试图从现役和前英国武装部队飞行员中物色人选、在中国培训人民解放军人员的招募计划，”国防部一名发言人说。根据国防部规定，这名发言人没有透露姓名。 |
| Britain, however, does not have obvious legal tools to stop retired pilots from accepting training contracts from the Chinese army. The contracts are lucrative — about $270,000 a year — and are particularly attractive to pilots who retired from active duty several years ago, the official said. |
| 然而，英国没有明显的法律手段来阻止退休飞行员接受中国军队的训练合同。这位官员说，这些合同利润丰厚，每年约27万美元，对几年前退役的飞行员特别有吸引力。 |
| China, the official said, has contracted the recruiting to a third party, a private test flying academy in South Africa. |
| 这名官员说，中国已经将招募工作承包给第三方，即南非的一家私人试飞学院。 |
| The British official declined to say which allies had been involved in investigating the practice, but he suggested that their pilots had also been targets for recruitment. |
| 这名英国官员拒绝透露哪些盟国参与了对这种做法的调查，但他表示，他们的飞行员也曾是招募目标。 |
| None of the pilots recruited by the Chinese operated the F-35, the most advanced and expensive fighter jet in the British fleet. But several have flown older-generation warplanes like the Typhoon, Harrier, Jaguar and Tornado, according to the official. Though the pilots train their Chinese counterparts on Chinese planes, he said, the Chinese were eager to learn about British and Western tactics and procedures. |
| 中国招募的飞行员中没有人驾驶过F-35战斗机，这是英国舰队中最先进、最昂贵的战斗机。但据该官员称，有几名飞行员曾驾驶过台风、鹞式、美洲虎和龙卷风等老一代战机。他说，尽管这些飞行员用中国飞机训练中国同行，但后者渴望学习英国和西方的战术和程序。 |
| Relations between Britain and China have deteriorated sharply in recent years, with the government in London denouncing Beijing’s crackdown on pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong, a former British colony. In July 2020, the government of Prime Minister Boris Johnson banned the purchase of equipment from Huawei, the Chinese telecommunications giant, for its high-speed broadband network on national security grounds. |
| 近年来，英中关系急剧恶化，伦敦谴责北京镇压前英殖民地香港的亲民主活动人士。2020年7月，约翰逊政府以国家安全为由，禁止从中国电信巨头华为购买高速宽带网络设备。 |
| Under Mr. Johnson, China was designated as a “systemic competitor,” reflecting his government’s desire to balance criticism of Beijing’s human rights abuses with a continuation of trade relations. But the current prime minister, Liz Truss, has further hardened Britain’s stance. She is expected to designate China as a “threat” in an updated version of a defense and foreign policy review. |
| 在约翰逊任内，中国被指为“系统性竞争对手”，反映出其政府希望在批评北京侵犯人权与继续保持贸易关系之间取得平衡。但现任首相特拉斯进一步强化了英国的立场。预计她将在最新版的国防和外交政策评估报告中将中国列为“威胁”。 |
| After a lull in recruitment during the months of pandemic-related travel bans, the official said, China’s efforts to lure pilots have since ramped up. |
| 这名官员说，在疫情相关旅行禁令实施的几个月里，中国的招聘工作出现了停顿，但此后又加大了吸引飞行员的力度。 |
| “All serving and former personnel are already subject to the Official Secrets Act,” the defense spokesman said, “and we are reviewing the use of confidentiality contracts and nondisclosure agreements across Defense, while the new national security bill will create additional tools to tackle contemporary security challenges — including this one.” |
| “所有在职和退役人员都受到《官方保密法》的约束，我们正在审查整个国防部门使用保密合同和保密协议的情况，而新的国家安全法将创造更多的工具来应对当代的安全挑战——包括这个挑战，”国防部发言人说。 |
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