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| LONDON — It has become a kind of badge of honor among baby boomers to recall how they watched on tiny black-and-white television sets on that day in June 1953, when Elizabeth II was crowned as postwar Britain’s first and thus far only queen. |
| 伦敦——回忆当初如何在小型黑白电视机上观看1953年6月那天的盛况成为了婴儿潮一代人引以为傲的事情。那一天，伊丽莎白二世被加冕为战后英国第一位也是迄今为止唯一的女王。 |
| It almost seemed as if an army had gathered around grainy screens set in walnut cabinets to follow the coronation, enthralled by the harnessing of old tradition to the miracle of new technology that became such a hallmark of the second Elizabethan era. |
| 那就像是一支军队集结在置于胡桃木橱柜中的电视机前，在布满雪花的屏幕上观看加冕仪式，沉醉于使用新技术奇迹来展现古老传统，而这项新技术后来成了第二个伊丽莎白时代的一大特征。 |
| Then, on Monday, with lives fast-forwarded into a time of huge flat screens, and bright streaming images on smartphones and tablets, and with their numbers depleted by the years, they watched again, this time to follow her funeral. She had last been seen in public two days before her death on Sept. 8 at her Scottish castle, Balmoral, bowed and frail yet seeming still indomitable. |
| 接着，生活快进到以巨大的纯平电视、智能手机和平板电脑上观看色彩鲜艳的流媒体图像为主的时代，年华不再的他们在周一再次观看了典礼，这一次是她的葬礼。9月8日，距离她在苏格兰城堡巴尔莫勒尔去世还有两天之时，她最后一次出现在公众面前，弓着背，身体虚弱，但似乎仍然顽强。 |
| And it seemed, perhaps fancifully, that those two moments had become the bookends of a generation and of a nation’s frayed sense of equilibrium. With her death, a man of that same baby boomer generation, her eldest son, now King Charles III, has assumed the monarch’s role — if not, until his coronation, the crown and scepter — as the anchor of a nation’s identity in troubled times of change and flux. |
| 也许有些离奇的是，这两个瞬间标志着一代人乃至一个国家受损的平衡感的开端和结尾。在她去世后，同为婴儿潮一代的她的长子、现在的查尔斯三世国王，已经承担了君主的角色——尽管在加冕之前还不掌握王冠和权杖——成为了波动变幻的困难时期中国家身份认同的代言人。 |
| For much of Britain, the queen’s accession to the throne offered a gleam of renascent hope after the depredations of World War II. Both her coronation and funeral unfolded at London’s Westminster Abbey, where, in 1947, she had married Prince Philip, who died in 2021. Her reign of more than 70 years set a record of longevity among British monarchs, reconfirming the notion that the monarchy provides the ballast of her subjects’ sense of continuity. |
| 对于英国的大部分地区来说，在遭受了二战的浩劫后，女王的登基带来了一线曙光。她的加冕仪式和葬礼都在伦敦威斯敏斯特修道院举行，1947年，她与2021年已经去世的菲利普亲王在那里结婚。她在位70多年，创造了英国君主的长寿纪录，再次证实君主为她的臣民心中的延续感提供了稳定剂的说法。 |
| The new king’s rise, by contrast, is set against the tapestry of a pandemic and a new European war in Ukraine. Economies reel from inflation and the uncounted costs of Brexit. The question that has not really been asked in this time of national grief is whether the anchor will slip and a perilous drift will begin. |
| 相比之下，新国王登基时，大流行和在乌克兰进行的又一场欧洲战争交织在一起。通货膨胀和英国脱欧的隐性成本使经济摇摆不定。在这个举国悲痛的时刻，一个真正的问题尚未被提出，那就是，这只锚会不会滑脱，导致船出现危险的漂移。 |
| I saw the queen’s coronation at the home of a work-friend of my parents in blue-collar Salford, near Manchester, at one of those prefabricated bungalows that freckled Britain in the wake of the war. I was 6. The queen was 27. (King Charles was then 4.) |
| 我在父母同事的家中观看了女王的加冕典礼，他们住在曼彻斯特附近的蓝领小镇索尔福德的一座预制平房，在“二战”之后，英国出现了很多这样的房子。那年我六岁。女王27岁。（查尔斯国王当时四岁。） |
| Of course, as a Briton, I am aware of the narrow line, often overstepped, between whimsy and mawkishness. But it was tempting, watching the state funeral and recalling the coronation, to marvel at the newness, the brightness of that moment in 1953, when even the possibilities of life had yet to be revealed to this British schoolboy. |
| 我是一名英国人，我当然知道在诙谐和矫情之间存在一条常常被僭越的细线。但是，观看国葬并回忆加冕仪式仍忍不住会惊叹1953年那一刻的新颖和耀眼，即使我这个英国小学生还没有触碰到人生的可能性。 |
| Who would have known then that a life would — or could — unfold in such primary colors of achievement, advance and loss? And who knows now what the legacy of it all would turn out to be? On the radio on Monday, someone quoted the poet John Donne’s injunction to ask not for whom the bell tolls, because “it tolls for thee.” But what is the bell saying? |
| 那时谁会想到，一段人生将会这样——或能够这样——以成就、进步与伤逝的三原色展开？谁知道这一切会成就什么样的传奇？在周一的广播中，有人引用了诗人约翰·多恩的劝告，不要问钟声为谁而鸣，因为“它为你而鸣”。但钟声在说什么？ |
| Watching the funeral it seemed as if a pendulum was swinging between decline and renewal in the natural course of things. But it was hard to define where exactly Britain now stands in the cycle of national life. |
| 观看葬礼，就好像在事物的自然进程中观看钟摆在兴衰之间摇摆。但很难确定英国现在处于国家生命周期中的什么位置。 |
| The event itself played out in choreographed near perfection. Not a soldier in the procession that accompanied the queen’s cortege put a wrong foot forward. Draped in her regal standard, her coffin provided a platform for priceless crown jewels adorning the symbols of monarchy — crown, orb and scepter. The brass shone. The boots glowed. The tunics provided a palette of color. Horses pranced. The coffin itself was mounted on a ceremonial gun carriage pulled along by 142 sailors of the Royal Navy, marching as if one to the solemn strains of a funeral march. |
| 葬礼本身以近乎完美的编排进行。陪同女王随行的队伍中没有一个士兵迈错步伐。她的灵柩披着她的王旗，展示着无价的王室珠宝——王冠、宝珠和权杖，它们点缀着王室的象征。铜饰锃亮。靴子闪光。长袍五颜六色。骏马昂首阔步。灵柩被安置在由皇家海军的142名水手拉着的礼仪炮车上，行进在严肃沉重的葬礼行进队伍中。 |
| It was possible to forget that, as a constitutional monarchy, Britain’s Royal House of Windsor wields only ceremonial powers. In her last public act at Balmoral, the queen presided over the political transition from Boris Johnson to Liz Truss as prime minister. Routinely the monarch holds a private, weekly audience with the prime minister but has little say in the identity of the official, or in the maneuverings that suffused the switch of office holder. |
| 人们可能会忘记，作为君主立宪制国家，英国温莎王室只拥有象征性的权力。在巴尔莫勒尔的最后一次公开活动中，女王主持了首相之职从鲍里斯·约翰逊到利兹·特拉斯的政治过渡。通常情况下，君主每周都会与首相举行一次私人会面，但对这一官职的人选，或人选更迭中的种种运作，都毫无影响力。 |
| But there was a power on display in the solemnity of the service and the sheer spectacle of an event that brought Britons out in the thousands to line the streets, on occasion to cheer, at least to bear witness in reflective silence. |
| 但是，庄严的仪式和壮观的场面展现了一种力量，让成千上万的英国人走上街头，有时还会欢呼，至少会在沉思的静默中见证历史。 |
| And another kind of soft power was on display in a guest list that included world leaders — President Biden among them. Many of those who tried to analyze the event reached for anecdotes reflecting the queen’s less public role as a subtle force promoting the interests of her realm beyond the headline-seeking purview of politicians. |
| 包括各国领导人在内的嘉宾名单也展现了另一种软实力——拜登总统就是嘉宾之一。许多试图分析这次葬礼的人都在寻找轶事，希望能反映女王不面对公众时的角色，作为一种微妙的力量推动她的王国利益，超越了政治家争夺头条新闻的狭隘眼界。 |
| In 1957, the queen said in a Christmas broadcast: “It’s inevitable that I should seem a rather remote figure to many of you, a successor to the kings and queens of history.” |
| 1957年，女王在圣诞节广播中说：“在你们中的许多人看来，我不可避免地会成为一个相当遥远的人物，历史上的王位继承者。” |
| “I cannot lead you into battle. I do not give you laws or administer justice. But I can do something else. I can give you my heart and my devotion to these old islands and to all the peoples of our brotherhood of nations.” With her astonishing longevity — she was 96 when she died — the queen seemed to keep the promise. |
| “我不能带你们上战场。我不给你们法律或主持正义。但我可以做其他的事情。我可以把我的心给你，把我奉献给这些古老岛屿和我们兄弟国家的所有人民。”凭借她惊人的长寿——她去世时已经96岁——女王似乎信守了诺言。 |
| In return, her subjects broadly offered their assent. It will be up to Charles now to renew or recast that covenant for an era when, with the queen’s death, Britons might expect a shift toward a newer kind of monarchy, less reliant on the mystique of regal aloofness, more streamlined, readier to wear some of that same heart on the regal sleeve. |
| 对此，她的子民报之以普遍的认可。随着女王的去世，英国人可能希望能有一种新型的君主制，不再那么依赖帝王威仪的神秘感，更高效，更愿意把同样的一颗心付诸于君王事业，这样的约定能否得到延续或重塑，就要看查尔斯的了。 |
| For those who recalled the grainy screens of coronation day there was something else in play. Stripped away from the overwhelming pomp and pageantry of the funeral, this was a spectacle of raw grief, of loss etched into the faces of her children and their descendants. Princes and princesses could feel pain too. |
| 对那些回忆着加冕日的粗糙画面的人来说，这里面还有另一层意义。剥去葬礼令人惊叹的奢华与壮观，还可以看到刻在她的儿孙脸上那些真实的哀思与悲恸。王子与公主也是会感到痛苦的。 |
| For some it conjured the sense of capricious bereavement that had been visited on those who lost relatives to Covid. Others reached for the memories of loved ones snatched away from them in other ways. The queen’s death turned Britons in on their own losses, evoking thoughts of hoped-for catharsis and closure. |
| 对一些人来说，这让他们想起自己的亲人死于新冠时那种难以捉摸的伤痛。有人想到自己所爱之人被以其它方式夺去生命。女王之死让英国人沉浸于自己的伤痛，唤起期待中的宣泄与释怀。 |
| Later on Monday, in a second part of the burial rites, held at Windsor Castle west of London — where Elizabeth buried Philip last year — the crown, orb and scepter were finally removed from the coffin, formally separating her from the emblems of earthly power. A high official snapped a symbolic wand and laid it on the coffin in advance of burial. If a transition was to take root, this was where its seed was planted. |
| 周一晚些时候，下葬仪式的后半段在伦敦西部的温莎堡举行——去年伊丽莎白在那里安葬了菲利普——王冠、宝珠和权杖终于从灵柩上取下，让这些俗世权力的象征正式脱离她的掌控。在下葬之前，一名高级官员将一根象征性的官杖折断，放在灵柩上。如果说一场转变即将开始，此刻就是播下种子之时。 |
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