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| Antigovernment protests in Iran over the death of a 22-year-old woman in police custody are intensifying, and dozens of cities are embroiled in unrest that has been met with a crackdown by the authorities, according to witnesses, videos posted on social media and human rights groups. |
| 根据亲历者的描述、社交媒体上的视频和人权组织的信息，伊朗因一名22岁女子在被警方拘留期间死亡而爆发的反政府抗议活动愈演愈烈，数十座城市陷入动乱，当局进行了镇压。 |
| The protests appear to be one of the largest displays of defiance of the Islamic Republic’s rule in years and come as President Ebrahim Raisi is in New York for the United Nations General Assembly. They erupted last weekend after the woman, Mahsa Amini, died following her arrest by Tehran’s morality police on an accusation of violating the law on head scarves. |
| 这些抗议可能会成为多年来反抗伊斯兰共和国统治的规模最大的示威之一，并且发生在总统易卜拉欣·莱希前往纽约出席联合国大会之际。上周末，名叫玛莎·阿米尼的女子因涉嫌违反头巾法律被德黑兰道德警察逮捕后死亡，导致了抗议的爆发。 |
| At least seven protesters had been killed as of Wednesday, according to human rights groups. Protesters have been calling for an end to the Islamic Republic, chanting things like “Mullahs get lost,” “We don’t want an Islamic republic,” and “Death to the supreme leader.” Women have also burned hijabs in protest against the law, which requires all women above the age of puberty to wear a head covering and loose clothing. |
| 人权组织称，截至周三，至少有七名抗议者丧生。抗议者发出了终结伊斯兰共和国统治的呼声，高喊“毛拉走开”、“我们不要伊斯兰共和国”和“最高领袖去死”等口号。妇女们焚烧头巾，以抗议要求所有过了青春期的女性必须戴头巾和穿着宽松服装的法律。 |
| Mr. Raisi’s government has unleashed a massive deployment of security forces, including riot police officers and the plainclothes Basij militia, to crack down on the protesters. Internet and cell service has been disrupted in neighborhoods where there were protests. Access to Instagram, which has been widely used by the protesters, was also restricted on Wednesday. |
| 为了镇压抗议者，莱希政府部署了大量安全部队，包括防暴警察和身着便衣的巴斯基民兵部队。在发生抗议的社区，互联网和手机服务都已中断。周三，为抗议者广泛使用的Instagram也被限制访问。 |
| “For security reasons, the relevant authorities may impose certain restrictions on internet speed,” Iran’s minister for information and communications technology, Issa Zarepour, said in a statement. |
| “出于安全考虑，有关部门可能会对网速进行一定限制，”伊朗信息和通信技术部长伊萨·扎勒普尔在一份声明中表示。 |
| The videos posted online and the scale of the response from the authorities are difficult to independently verify, but video and photographs sent by witnesses known to The New York Times were broadly in line with the images being posted widely online, showing protesters, many of them women, facing off against the police, and fires on the streets of Tehran. |
| 网上发布的视频和当局的大量回应很难得到独立核实，但《纽约时报》所知的亲历者发来的视频和照片与网上广泛流传的影像基本一致，都显示了抗议者（其中许多是女性）与警察对峙，以及德黑兰街头起火的场面。 |
| The police shoved protesters to the ground, beating them with batons and firing shots and tear gas in their direction, according to witnesses and some of those videos. |
| 亲历者描述以及部分视频显示，警察将抗议者推倒在地，用警棍殴打他们，并朝他们的方向开枪和发射催泪弹。 |
| Ms. Amini’s death has garnered international attention and turned her into a symbol of Iran’s restrictive and violent treatment of women and its repressive policing of opposition. |
| 阿米尼之死引发了国际关注，她也成为了伊朗约束和暴力对待女性、以及反对派遭受高压管制的象征。 |
| The Iranian authorities say that Ms. Amini died from a heart attack, and have denied accusations that she suffered blows to the head while being taken to a detention facility. Her family, which has not responded to requests for comment from The New York Times, has told news outlets that she was healthy at the time of the arrest. |
| 伊朗当局称阿米尼死于心脏病发，并否认她在被送往拘留所时头部受到重击的说法。她的家人没有回应《纽约时报》的置评请求，但他们曾向媒体表示，她在被捕时身体状况良好。 |
| The protests that have swept the country are one of the most daring displays of defiance of the government’s religious and social restrictions in years, according to analysts and rights experts. |
| 分析人士和人权专家表示，席卷全国的抗议活动可以说是多年来伊朗人民对政府的宗教和社会管制的最大胆反抗之一。 |
| “The anger on the streets is palpable,” said Jasmin Ramsey, director of communications at the Center for Human Rights in Iran, a New York-based nonprofit organization, adding that the protests were a “culmination of the past five years where all facets of society — laborers, teachers, retirees, university students and average people everywhere — have been trying to call for an end to the crisis of impunity in Iran despite violent state repression.” |
| “街头的怒火是显而易见的，”总部位于纽约的非营利组织伊朗人权中心的通讯负责人贾斯敏·拉姆齐表示，她还补充说，这些抗议是“面对国家的暴力镇压，过去五年来社会各阶层群体——工人、教师、退休人员、大学生和全国各地的百姓——对结束伊朗有罪不罚危机发出疾呼的集中爆发”。 |
| The demonstrations have largely been spontaneous and leaderless, she said, and had probably been inflamed by the photos and videos circulating across social media showing extraordinary scenes across the country, including women risking arrest by symbolically removing and burning their hijabs in public. Many have rallied on social media with hashtags in Persian referring to the death of Ms. Amini. |
| 她说，示威活动基本都是自发的，没有领袖，很可能是被社交媒体上流传的图片和视频所激发。这些影像展示了全国各地上演的非同寻常的场面，包括妇女们冒着被逮捕的危险，极具象征意义地在公共场合取下并焚烧了她们的头巾。许多人在社交媒体上团结起来传播关于阿米尼之死的波斯语话题。 |
| In the city of Kerman, in the southeast, one video showed a woman cutting her hair while sitting on a utility box in front of a roaring crowd. In the south, in the city of Shiraz, another showed an older woman shouting at a security officer, “If you think you are a man, come and kill me.” And one showed university students gathering on campuses in Tehran chanting “Killings after killings, to hell with morality police!” |
| 在东南部的克尔曼市，一段视频显示一名女性坐在公用配电箱上，面对喧闹的人群剪下自己的头发。在南部城市设拉子，另一段视频显示一名老年女性对着一名安全人员高喊，“如果你觉得自己是个男人，就来杀了我。”还有一段视频展示了聚集在德黑兰校园里的大学生高呼着“除了杀戮就是杀戮，道德警察见鬼去吧！” |
| “These are all acts that are punishable by law,” Ms. Ramsey said in a phone interview, referring to the videos. “They’re showing a serious challenge to the Islamic Republic in their chants and the amount of people that are in the streets,” she added. |
| “那都是会被法律制裁的行为，”拉姆齐在电话采访中提到视频内容时表示。“他们喊出的口号以及走上街头的民众数量，都给这个伊斯兰共和国带来了严峻挑战。” |
| Hundreds of protesters took to the streets of Tehran late Tuesday, setting fire to tires, and shouting “Death to the dictator,” and “Life, liberty and women,” according to a witness. |
| 据一位亲历者说，成百上千的抗议者在周二晚间走上德黑兰街头，点燃轮胎，并高喊“独裁者去死”和“为生命、自由与女性”的口号。 |
| Tehran’s governor, Mohsen Mansouri, said on Wednesday that foreign agents had hijacked the demonstrations and were fueling violence in the streets. |
| 德黑兰省长穆赫森·曼苏里周三表示，抗议活动受外国代理人操纵，助长了街头暴力。 |
| Witnesses said it was clear that the protests were getting broad support from people with a long litany of grievances after struggling under oppressive rules and economic hardship. |
| 亲历者表示，很明显的一点是，抗议活动得到了群众的普遍支持，他们因高压政策和经济困难而累积了大量不满。 |
| Some Iranian protesters lashed back at security forces, chasing them down the street with rocks. In Isfahan and Tehran, protesters set fire to police cars and motorcycles and in Kerman they encircled a police officer and beat and kicked him to the ground, videos showed. |
| 一些伊朗抗议者还向安全部队发起反击，用石块在街上追打他们。视频显示，在伊斯法罕和德黑兰，抗议者点燃了警方的汽车和摩托车，在克尔曼，他们还围殴了一名警察，将他踢倒在地。 |
| At least seven people have been killed in cities in Kurdistan, Ms. Amini’s home province in the northwest of the country, according to Hengaw, a human rights group, which posted names and photos of victims online. |
| 据人权组织汗加乌(Hengaw)称，在库尔德斯坦省——也就是位于伊朗西北部的阿米尼的家乡——的城市有至少七人丧生，并在网上发布了受害者姓名和照片。 |
| They were killed by “direct fire by Iranian security forces,” the group said in a statement posted to its website. At least 450 people had been injured and at least 500 were arrested in protests in cities across the Kurdish province, the group said. |
| 该组织在其网站上发布的声明称，这些人都是被“伊朗安全部队直接击毙的”。该组织表示，在库尔德斯坦省各城市的抗议中，至少有450人受伤、500人被逮捕。 |
| The Iranian media reported that Mr. Raisi, who was scheduled to speak at the United Nations General Assembly in New York on Wednesday, told Ms. Amini’s family on Sunday that he had ordered an investigation into her death. |
| 伊朗媒体报道称，莱希在周日告诉阿米尼的家人，他已下令对她的死因进行调查。莱希计划于周三在纽约联合国大会上发表讲话。 |
| “Your daughter is like my own daughter, and I feel that this incident happened to one of my loved ones,” he said. |
| “对你们的女儿我视若己出，我觉得这件事就好像发生在了我所爱的人身上一样，”他说。 |
| The protests were not addressed by Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who gave a speech at an event on Wednesday commemorating veterans of the Iran-Iraq war. In an effort to curb the backlash, a representative of the supreme leader visited Ms. Amini’s family home, according to the state media. |
| 伊朗最高领导人阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊并未对这些抗议作出回应，他周三才在表彰两伊战争老兵的活动上发表讲话。根据官方媒体的报道，为了遏制反对声浪，这位最高领袖的一名代表造访了阿米尼家。 |
| “All institutions will take action to defend the rights that were violated,” the adviser, Abdolreza Pourzahabi, said in the state media. “As I promised to the family of Ms. Amini, I will also follow up the issue of her death until the final result.” |
| “所有机构都将采取行动捍卫被侵犯的权利，”顾问阿卜杜勒扎·巴尔扎布对官媒表示。“正如我向阿米尼家人所承诺的那样。我也将继续调查她死亡一事，直到水落石出。” |
| On Tuesday, the United Nations acting high commissioner for human rights, Nada Al-Nashif, condemned the “violent response” of the security forces to the protests and called for an independent investigation. |
| 周二，联合国人权事务副高级专员娜达·纳西弗谴责了安全部队对抗议的“暴力处理”，并呼吁进行独立调查。 |
| “The authorities must stop targeting, harassing, and detaining women who do not abide by the hijab rules,” Ms. Al-Nashif said in a statement. |
| “当局必须停止针对、骚扰和拘留不遵守头巾规定的女性，”纳西弗在一份声明中表示。 |
| President Emmanuel Macron of France, who met Mr. Raisi on Tuesday, told BBC’s Persian news service that the “the credibility of Iran is now at stake regarding the fact that they have to address this issue.” |
| 周二与莱希会晤的法国总统马克龙在接受BBC波斯语新闻频道的采访时表示，“伊朗的声誉现在岌岌可危，因为他们必须将此事处理妥当。” |
| The unrest comes at a challenging moment for Ayatollah Khamenei, who recently canceled all meetings and public appearances because of illness, according to four people familiar with his health condition. |
| 骚乱发生之际，哈梅内伊正面临艰难的处境，据四位了解哈梅内伊健康状况的知情人表示，他最近因病取消了所有会议和公开活动。 |
| Sanam Vakil, deputy director of the Middle East program at Chatham House, a British research institute, said there was little hope that the protests would bring real change on such a foundational issue as long as the supreme leader, who is 83, was still alive. |
| 英国研究机构查塔姆研究所的中东项目副主任萨纳姆·瓦基尔表示，只要这位年已83岁的最高领袖还活着，抗议就不太可能给这样一个根本性议题带来真正的改变。 |
| “At the end of his life, he’s looking to preserve his legacy and keep the system intact,” she said. “His worldview, shared by those around him, is predicated on the idea that compromise opens the door to further compromise and demonstrates weakness rather than strength.” |
| “在生命将尽之时，他想要的是保住自己的遗产，并保持这个体制的不变，”她说。“与周围那些认同他的人一样，他的世界观建立在这样一种思想之上：妥协就意味着进一步的妥协，只会证明软弱而非力量。” |
| Ms. Vakil said to expect a “coordinated coercive response” from the authorities in the coming days or weeks, one likely to include a further internet slowdown, violence, and more detentions of protesters. |
| 瓦基尔表示，预计当局会在未来几天或几周内拿出“协调一致的胁迫性对策”，可能导致的结果包括进一步限制互联网、暴力手段、以及更多抗议者被拘留。 |
| “They might close the doors, but people will again, find a way to push open windows,” Ms. Vakil said. “And that’s what we keep seeing these continued patterns of protests — because they’re not able to, or not willing to, address popular anger and economic frustration.” |
| “他们可能会关上大门，但人们终将再次找到推开窗户的办法，”瓦基尔说。“这就是我们一直看到抗议持续上演的原因——因为他们不能够或不愿意化解民怨和经济危机。” |
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