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| WASHINGTON — President Biden on Tuesday signed into law a sprawling $280 billion bill aimed at bolstering American chip manufacturing to address global supply chain issues and counter the rising influence of China, part of a renewed effort by the White House to galvanize its base around a recent slate of legislative victories. |
| 华盛顿——周二，拜登总统签署了一项规模高达2800亿美元的法案，旨在支持美国的芯片制造业，解决全球供应链问题，并反制中国日益增长的影响力，它也是白宫围绕近期的一系列立法胜利继续争取选民基本盘支持的努力之一。 |
| Standing before business leaders and lawmakers in the Rose Garden, Mr. Biden said the bill was proof that bipartisanship in Washington could produce legislation that would build up a technology sector, lure semiconductor manufacturing back to the United States and eventually create thousands of new American jobs. |
| 在白宫玫瑰园，拜登站在商界领袖和立法者面前表示，该法案证明，华盛顿的两党合作可以制定出加强科技产业的立法，吸引半导体制造业回到美国，并为美国最终创造数成千上万个新的就业机会。 |
| “Fundamental change is taking place today, politically, economically and technologically,” Mr. Biden said. “Change that can either strengthen our sense of control and security, of dignity and pride in our lives and our nation, or change that weakens us.” |
| “当今，政治、经济和科技领域都在发生根本性的变化，”拜登说。“改变要么增强我们的控制感和安全感，增强我们对生活和国家的尊严感和自豪感，要么削弱我们。” |
| The bipartisan compromise showed a rare consensus in a deeply divided Washington, reflecting the sense of urgency among both Republicans and Democrats for an industrial policy that could help the United States compete with China. Seventeen Republicans voted for the bill in the Senate, while 24 Republicans supported it in the House. |
| 在严重分裂的华盛顿，两党妥协显示出罕见的共识，反映出共和党和民主党急需一项可以帮助美国与中国竞争的产业政策。该法案在参议院有17名共和党议员投票支持，在众议院得到24名共和党成员的支持。 |
| While Republicans have long resisted intervening in global markets and Democrats have criticized pouring taxpayer funds into private companies, global supply chain shortages exacerbated by the pandemic exposed just how much the United States had come to rely on foreign countries for advanced semiconductor chips used in technologies as varied as electric vehicles and weapons sent to aid Ukraine. |
| 虽然共和党人长期以来一直拒绝干预全球市场，民主党人则批评政府将纳税人的资金投入私人公司，但因为疫情加剧了全球供应链的短缺，暴露了美国对外国先进半导体芯片的依赖程度，电动汽车和援助乌克兰的武器等各种技术都需要使用这些芯片。 |
| In a sign of how Beijing’s rise drove the negotiations for the legislation, Mr. Biden explicitly mentioned China multiple times during his remarks at the bill-signing ceremony. |
| 为表明北京的崛起如何推动了立法谈判，拜登在法案签署仪式上的讲话中多次明确提到中国。 |
| “It’s no wonder the Chinese Communist Party actively lobbied U.S. business against this bill,” the president said, adding that the United States must lead the world in semiconductor production. |
| 他说，“中国共产党积极游说美国企业反对这项法案并不令人意外”，并表示，美国必须在半导体生产方面引领世界。 |
| The bill is focused on domestic manufacturing, research and national security, providing $52 billion in subsidies and tax credits for companies that manufacture chips in the United States. It also includes $200 billion for new manufacturing initiatives and scientific research, particularly in areas like artificial intelligence, robotics, quantum computing and other technologies. |
| 该法案侧重于国内制造、科学研究和国家安全，为在美国制造芯片的公司提供520亿美元的补贴和税收抵免。它还包括2000亿美元用于新的制造计划和科学研究，特别是在人工智能、机器人技术、量子计算和其他科技领域。 |
| The legislation authorizes and funds the creation of 20 “regional technology hubs” that are intended to link together research universities with private industry in an effort to advance technology innovation in areas lacking such resources. And it provides funding to the Energy Department and the National Science Foundation for basic research into semiconductors and for building up work force development programs. |
| 该立法授权并资助创建20个“区域技术中心”，旨在将研究型大学与私营企业联系起来，在缺乏此类资源的地区推动技术创新。它还为能源部和国家科学基金会提供资金，用于半导体基础研究和建立劳动力发展计划。 |
| “We will bring these jobs back to our shores and end our dependence on foreign chips,” said Senator Chuck Schumer, Democrat of New York and the majority leader, who pumped his fists as he stepped toward the lectern. |
| “我们将把这些工作带回国内，结束我们对外国芯片的依赖，”纽约民主党参议员、多数党领袖查克·舒默说，他在走向讲台时高举拳头。 |
| Mr. Schumer, who helped spearhead the measure, at one point hinted at the yearslong quest to secure its passage when he noted that it had once been called the Endless Frontier Act — one of a handful of names for the bill as it made its way through Congress. |
| 舒默是该法案的推动者之一，他一度暗示该法案可能需要多年的努力才能通过，他指出，该法案曾被称为《无尽前沿法案》(Endless Frontier Act)，这是在国会审议过程中使用的名称之一。 |
| “I still love that name,” Mr. Schumer said. |
| “我仍然喜欢这个名字，”舒默说。 |
| “I’ve always said that Democrats would be ready to work with Republicans when possible,” he added. “And at today’s signing, we celebrate such an accomplishment.” |
| “我一直说，如果可能，民主党人会准备好与共和党人合作，”他还说。“在今天的签署仪式上，我们庆祝这样的成就。” |
| Democrats are hoping that the passage of the industrial policy legislation and a few other notable bills, along with falling gas prices, can help drive a turnaround for the party ahead of the midterm congressional elections in November. Democrats have faced a bleak outlook heading into the fall, with Mr. Biden suffering from dismal approval numbers amid soaring inflation and painful prices at the pump. |
| 民主党人寄望于产业政策立法和其他一些值得注意的法案的通过，以及汽油价格的下跌，希望它们可以帮助推动该党在11月的国会中期选举之前扭转局面。民主党人在秋季面临着黯淡的前景，在通胀飙升和油价高涨的情况下，拜登的支持率令人失望。 |
| Mr. Biden is planning to sign a bill on Wednesday that would expand medical care for veterans exposed to toxic burn pits on military bases, another measure that Congress approved with bipartisan support. And on Friday, the House is expected to pass the climate, health and tax bill that cleared the Senate over the weekend, handing the president a legislative triumph that he and Democratic candidates can highlight in the weeks to come. |
| 拜登计划在周三签署一项法案，扩大对在军事基地暴露于有毒焚烧坑的退伍军人的医疗保健，这是国会在两党支持下批准的另一项立法。周五，预计众议院将通过气候、健康和税收法案，该法案周末在参议院通过，为总统带来立法上的胜利，他和民主党候选人可以在未来几周强调这一胜利。 |
| The effort to promote the recent series of victories comes after Mr. Biden was forced to isolate during a bout with Covid-19, followed by a rebound case. He left isolation on Sunday and then traveled on Monday to meet with survivors of the severe flooding in Kentucky, his first work trip since testing positive for the virus on July 21. |
| 在拿最近的一系列胜利做文章之前，拜登因感染新冠而被迫隔离，后来又再次感染。他于周日结束隔离，然后在周一前往肯塔基州会见严重洪灾的幸存者，这是他自7月21日病毒检测呈阳性以来的第一次工作旅行。 |
| At the ceremony on Tuesday, Mr. Biden had a persistent cough during his remarks in the Rose Garden. White House officials said he had tested negative for the virus on Monday and again on Tuesday morning, extending his streak of negative tests to four consecutive days. |
| 在周二的仪式上，拜登在玫瑰园发表讲话时一直咳嗽。白宫官员表示，他在周一和周二早上的病毒检测结果均呈阴性，他已连续四天检测呈阴性。 |
| Mr. Biden’s aides are now planning to drum up support around the recent legislative successes by dispatching cabinet officials across the country to draw attention to the measures — though there is no guarantee that their efforts will reshape the political dynamics heading into the November elections. |
| 拜登的助手现在正计划通过派遣内阁官员到全国各地唤起民众对这些法案的关注，从而围绕最近的立法成功来争取选民支持——尽管不能保证他们的努力会重塑11月选举的政治态势。 |
| “There were ups and downs, and it was a long path to get here,” Gina Raimondo, the commerce secretary, said at the ceremony. “And the president said don’t give up. Don’t give up. Keep going.” |
| “走到这一步的过程很漫长，有许多起起落落，”商务部长吉娜·雷蒙多在仪式上说。“总统说不要放弃。不要放弃。继续努力。” |
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