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高温热浪席卷中国,逾9亿人受影响
Hotter, Longer and More Widespread Heat Waves Scorch China

来源:纽约时报    2022-07-27 02:25



        BEIJING — In western China, runoff from melting glaciers could overwhelm dams, officials have warned. In the southern metropolis of Guangzhou, the government has asked residents to use large appliances less so the electrical grid is not overwhelmed as the city battles its longest heat wave since 1951. In the coastal city of Fuzhou, temperatures exceeded 41 degrees Celsius, or nearly 106 degrees Fahrenheit, for an unprecedented three days in a row, state media reported.
        北京——官方警告,在中国西部,融化的冰川径流可能会淹没大坝。广州正在与1951年以来持续时间最长的热浪作斗争,政府要求市民减少使用大功率电器,以免电网不堪重负。据官方媒体报道,在沿海城市福州,气温前所未有地连续三天超过41摄氏度。
        More than 900 million Chinese, about 65 percent of the population, are living under some kind of heat warning. Temperatures have reached, or exceeded, the highs that have recently tormented parts of Europe and the United States. Between June and mid-July, officials across the country have issued more than 15,000 high-temperature warnings, including more than 2,000 predicting temperatures would exceed 104 degrees, according to state media. Seventy-one weather stations recorded their highest temperatures ever.
        超过9亿中国人生活在某种程度的高温警报之下,约占总人口的65%。气温已经达到或超过了最近折磨欧洲和美国部分地区的最高温度。据官方媒体报道,从6月到7月中旬,全国各地的官员发布了1.5万多次高温预警,其中2000多次预测气温将超过40摄氏度。71个气象站录得有史以来的最高温度。
        China has long suffered from extreme weather in summer, with heat waves accompanied by intense flooding. But the severity of these events has increased in recent years under the effects of global warming. Officials said the heat this year was likely to be more intense and more prolonged. It is expected to persist until at least the end of the month.
        长期以来,中国的夏季都饱受极端天气困扰,热浪伴随着严重的洪水。但近年来,在全球变暖的影响下,这些事件的严重程度增加了。官员们表示,今年的高温可能会更强烈、更持久。预计这种情况将至少持续到本月底。
        “The affected area is large, the length of time it will continue is long, and the extremity is strong,” Xinhua, the state news agency, said.
        “影响范围广、持续时间长、极端性强,”官方新闻机构新华社表示。
        As elsewhere in the world, the toll has fallen on some of the most vulnerable, including the poor and elderly. Several heat-related deaths have been recorded, some of them construction or factory workers. Videos on social media have shown frontline medical workers, in full-body protective equipment as China continues to try to eliminate the coronavirus, being overwhelmed by the high temperatures.
        与世界其他地方一样,受伤害的是包括穷人和老人在内的一些最脆弱的群体。几起与高温有关的死亡事件已经录得,其中一些是建筑工人或工厂工人。社交媒体上的视频显示,随着中国继续努力消除新冠病毒,一线医护人员穿着全身防护装备,在高温下显得不堪重负。
        Heat-related deaths in China rose more than fourfold between 1990 and 2019, to 26,800 in 2019, according to a study published in the medical journal The Lancet. Researchers have predicted that the number could more than double if the global temperature rises by 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, noting that China’s rapidly aging population would be especially at risk.
        根据发表在医学杂志《柳叶刀》上的一项研究,从1990年至2019年期间,中国与高温相关的死亡人数增加了四倍多,2019年达到2.68万人。研究人员预测,如果全球气温上升2摄氏度,该数字可能会增加一倍以上,而且中国迅速老龄化的人口还将面临特别的风险。
        Some of the highest temperatures recently have been recorded in southeastern China, in the coastal province of Zhejiang. On Tuesday, temperatures in one city there, Lishui, reached nearly 108 degrees. One Zhejiang hospital told reporters from state media that it was admitting heat stroke patients on a daily basis. At least one man, a factory worker, died earlier this month after suffering multiple organ failure.
        浙江最近出现了破纪录的高温。周二,该省城市丽水的气温达到了近42摄氏度。浙江一家医院告诉官方媒体记者,每天都在接收中暑患者。本月早些时候,至少有一名工厂工人在多器官衰竭后死亡。
        But most of the country has been roasting. In the far-western Xinjiang region, local officials warned last week that the melting of snow and ice from mountainous areas would increase the risk of dam failure, and that it had already caused flash floods and mudslides. Earlier this month, an official with the National Meteorological Center said the heat could drain moisture from the soil in Gansu and Shaanxi Provinces, hurting harvests of corn and cotton, and damage rice harvests in the Yangtze River basin.
        事实上,这个国家的大部分地区都在经受煎熬。在新疆地区,当地官员上周警告,山区冰雪的融化将增加大坝决堤的风险,而且已经造成了山洪暴发和泥石流。本月早些时候,国家气象中心的一名官员说,高温会造成甘肃和陕西的土壤出现水分流失,影响玉米和棉花的收成,并影响长江流域的水稻收成。
        Shanghai, home to 26 million people, reached nearly 106 degrees this month, tying its hottest day since record keeping began in 1873.
        在拥有2600万人口的上海,本月气温达到了近41摄氏度,追平1873年有记录以来的最高纪录。
        Photos from a zoo in Guangzhou showed a panda lying on a giant slab of ice and several elephants perched atop blocks of their own.
        来自广州一家动物园的照片显示,一只熊猫趴在一块巨大的冰块上,几头大象踩在冰块上。
        Only two provinces, Heilongjiang and Liaoning, both in the far northeast, have not issued heat warnings.
        只有黑龙江和辽宁这两个位于东北的省份还没有发布高温预警。
        A heat wave had already scorched parts of northern China in June, just as heavy flooding displaced millions of people in the central and southwestern parts of the country. The heat receded slightly, only to return with force in the south in recent weeks.
        今年6月,一股热浪已经席卷了中国北方的部分地区,与此同时,中国中部和西南部的特大洪涝灾害导致数百万人流离失所。随后热浪略有减弱,但最近几周又在南方卷土重来。
        
        
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