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| LVIV, Ukraine — Marina Levinchuk said she received an alarming text message from the local authorities in the besieged city of Mariupol several days ago, before she decided to flee. “If somebody dies in your family,” she said, recalling the message in her own words, “just put the body outside, cover it, tie up the hands and the legs and leave it outside.” |
| 乌克兰利沃夫——玛丽娜·莱文丘克说，在她决定逃离的几天前，她收到了被围困的马里乌波尔市地方当局发来的一条令人震惊的短信。“如果你家里有人死了，”她用自己的话回忆道，“把尸体放在外面，盖住，把手和腿绑起来，留在外面即可。” |
| “That’s what’s going on in Mariupol now,” she said of the city, currently ringed by Russian forces pounding it with bombs, missiles and artillery, and hitting a maternity hospital on Wednesday. “There are just bodies lying in the streets. |
| “这就是马里乌波尔现在的情况，”她谈到这座城市时说，俄罗斯军队目前在用炸弹、导弹和大炮对这里发动攻击，并于周三袭击了一家妇产医院。“街上只有尸体。” |
| “There is no water, no heating, no gas,” she continued in a video call on WhatsApp on Wednesday. “And they are collecting snow, melting the snow, and boiling the snow.” |
| “没有水，没有暖气，没有燃气，”她周三在WhatsApp上的视频通话中继续说道。“他们正在收集雪，把它融化、煮开。” |
| It has been seven days since Russian forces encircled the city, an important port on Ukraine’s southern coast, and began to lay siege to the roughly half a million people living there. Most communications with the outside world were severed, leaving primarily those with access to satellite phones to alert Ukraine and the rest of the world to the increasingly dire state of affairs. |
| 自俄罗斯军队包围这座位于乌克兰南部海岸的重要港口城市，并开始围困居住在那里的大约50万人以来，已经过去了七天。与外界的大部分通讯被切断，能够让乌克兰和世界其他地区注意到日益严峻的事态大多只有那些可以使用卫星电话的人。 |
| Having failed to defeat the Ukrainian army in the war’s first weeks, and encountering stiff resistance in major cities like Mariupol, Kharkiv and Kyiv, Russian commanders appear to be resorting to tactics used in previous wars in Chechnya and Syria: flattening cities with overwhelming and indiscriminate firepower. |
| 由于俄罗斯在战争的最初几个周未能击败乌克兰军队，并在马里乌波尔、哈尔科夫和基辅等主要城市遭遇顽强抵抗，俄罗斯指挥官似乎正在借助之前在车臣和叙利亚战争中使用的战术：以压倒性和无区别袭击的方式将城市夷为平地。 |
| A video uploaded to Facebook on Wednesday evening showed the center of Mariupol after an aerial bombardment. It looked like a wasteland, with tree branches singed, windows blasted out of entire apartment blocks and the destroyed maternity hospital. |
| 周三晚上上传到Facebook的一段视频显示，马里乌波尔市中心在一次空袭轰炸后的景象。它看起来像一片荒地，树枝被烧焦，整个公寓楼的窗户被炸飞，妇产医院被毁。 |
| Ukraine’s president, Volodymyr Zelensky, condemned the strike on the hospital, berating world powers for failing to stop the killing and echoing his calls for NATO to impose a no-fly zone over Ukraine. |
| 乌克兰总统泽连斯基谴责对医院的袭击，斥责世界大国未能制止杀戮，并重申要求北约在乌克兰设立禁飞区的呼吁。 |
| “Mariupol. Direct Strike of Russian troops at the maternity hospital,” he wrote in a Twitter post Wednesday afternoon. “People, children are under the wreckage. Atrocity! How much longer will the world be an accomplice ignoring terror? Close the sky right now! Stop the killings! You have power but you seem to be losing humanity.” |
| “马里乌波尔。俄罗斯军队直接袭击妇产医院，”他周三下午在Twitter发帖。“人们，孩子们在废墟下面。这是暴行！世界什么时候才能不再做无视恐怖的帮凶？立即关闭空域！停止杀戮！你拥有权力，但似乎正在失去人性。” |
| In all, 17 people were injured in the hospital attack, including staff members and maternity ward patients, Pavlo Kyrylenko, the regional governor, told a Ukrainian television station. |
| 州长帕夫洛·基里连科告诉乌克兰一家电视台，总共有17人在医院袭击中受伤，其中包括工作人员和产科病房患者。 |
| Efforts to negotiate a cease-fire to give civilians a chance to escape have failed repeatedly. For three days, the prospect of relief reaching the city though a “humanitarian corridor” fell apart in a hail of mortar and artillery fire. |
| 为了让平民有机会逃脱而进行停火谈判的努力一再失败。三天来，通过“人道主义走廊”到达城市的救援可能性在密集的炮火中破灭了。 |
| The fighting around the city has been some of the most intense of the war, residents who managed to escape the conflict say. |
| 成功逃离冲突的居民说，城市周围的战斗尤为激烈。 |
| “There was shelling all the time. There was bombing,” said Juliia Diderko, a 33-year-old journalist from Mariupol who slipped out of the city just after it was encircled by Russian soldiers. “If anyone can help, please do this,” she said. “Please do this right now. Because people are dying.” |
| “炮击没有停止过。发生了轰炸，”来自马里乌波尔的33岁记者朱莉娅·迪德科说，她在城市被俄罗斯士兵包围后逃脱。“如果有人能帮忙，请这样做，”她说。“请马上这样做。因为人们正在死去。” |
| Residents are doing what they can to survive, for themselves and others in need, Ms. Levinchuk said. Trees are being cut down and food is being prepared outside, because there is no electricity or gas. |
| 莱文丘克说，居民们正在尽其所能地活下去，也帮助其他有需要的人。由于没有电和煤气，人们砍倒树木，在户外烹饪食物。 |
| “All the neighbors, they are helping each other, sharing the food and the water if they have it,” added Ms. Levinchuk, 28, “and people are trying to survive like this.” |
| “所有的邻居都在互相帮助，一有食物和水就分享，”28岁的莱文丘克还说，“人们正努力这样生存。” |
| Mariupol has long been seen as a potential flash point, commanding a strategic land corridor between the Kremlin-backed breakaway enclaves in Ukraine’s east and Crimea, the territory annexed by Moscow in 2014. Control of Mariupol would not only enable Russia to send supplies and reinforcements to forces farther west, but would also cut Ukrainian shipping off from the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea beyond. |
| 马里乌波尔长期以来一直被视为潜在的引爆点，它占据一条战略陆地走廊的重要位置，位于克里姆林宫支持的乌克兰东部分离飞地与2014年被莫斯科吞并的克里米亚之间。控制马里乌波尔不仅能让俄罗斯向更远的西部地区输送补给和增援部队，还能切断乌克兰与亚速海和更远的黑海之间的航运。 |
| The city’s mayor, Vadym Boichenko, has refused to surrender. He has also complained that it is difficult to count the dead because the bombardment never stops. |
| 该市市长瓦迪姆·博伊琴科拒绝投降。他还抱怨说，由于轰炸从未停止，很难统计死亡人数。 |
| The local authorities are planning to dig mass graves to accommodate all the bodies, including that of a 6-year-old-girl named Tanya who they say died of dehydration on Tuesday after her mother was killed. It was, said President Volodymyr Zelensky, “the first time in decades, apparently, since the Nazi invasion,” that a child died of dehydration in Mariupol. |
| 当地政府计划挖掘大坑来埋葬所有的尸体，死者当中包括一名六岁的女孩坦尼娅，他们称她在母亲遇难后于周二死于脱水。总统泽连斯基说，在马里乌波尔有儿童死于脱水是“几十年来，显然是自纳粹入侵以来的第一次”。 |
| Ms. Levinchuk, who left behind her husband of seven months and a newly renovated house, made it safely to a city in western Ukraine after 30 hours of driving. But her husband, Alexander, and her parents, who are in their late 60s, stayed behind, and she fears constantly for their lives and their health. |
| 莱文丘克抛下了结婚七个月的丈夫和新装修的房子，开车30个小时后安全抵达了乌克兰西部的一座城市。但她的丈夫亚历山大和她年近60岁的父母留在了家乡，她一直担心他们的安全和健康。 |
| The windows in her parents’ house were blown out when their neighborhood was heavily bombed, she said, but “thank God my parents have a roof.” |
| 她说，她父母家的窗户在街区遭到严重轰炸时被毁，但“感谢上帝，我的父母还有瓦遮头”。 |
| Alexander’s parents’ house on the left bank of the Kalmius River, where much of the initial bombing was concentrated, was completely destroyed, so they left along with Ms. Levinchuk. She worries about her parents, left there shivering in their windowless house with temperatures dropping below freezing most nights. |
| 亚历山大的父母位于卡尔缪斯河左岸的房子被完全摧毁，那里是最初轰炸集中的地方，所以他们和莱文丘克一起离开了。莱文丘克担心她的父母，他们待在没有窗户的房子里瑟瑟发抖，大多数晚上气温都会降到零度以下。 |
| Explosions continue to rock the city, making a “very, very bad situation” for the older residents and those with disabilities, a member of Doctors Without Borders in Mariupol said in an audio message made available to The New York Times. “They cannot find even food, and they cannot create a fire for themselves to cook their food.” |
| 马里乌波尔无国界医生组织的一名成员在提供给《纽约时报》的音频信息中说，爆炸仍在继续，老年居民和残疾人的处境“非常、非常糟糕”。“他们甚至找不到食物，也不能生火做饭。” |
| Conditions are also deteriorating for parents and their children, he said, “because they need much, much, more and different supplies and hygiene, and they do not find it anywhere now.” |
| 他说，父母和孩子们的情况也在恶化，“因为他们需要更多、更多不同的用品和卫生条件，现在他们在任何地方都找不到这些。” |
| Maj. Denis Prokopenko, with the Azov battalion defending the city, appealed to the international community for more help. |
| 与亚速营一起守卫该市的丹尼斯·普罗科佩科少校呼吁国际社会提供更多帮助。 |
| “Innocent people in Mariupol city are almost starving, this is happening now, it is happening in modern Europe,” he said in a video uploaded to Facebook. Explosions could be heard nearby. |
| 他在上传到Facebook的一段视频中说：“马里乌波尔市无辜的人们几乎吃不上饭，这种情况现在正在发生，正在现代欧洲发生。”视频中可以听到附近的爆炸声。 |
| “Attempts to organize a safe corridor for the evacuation of Mariupol failed because of several actions of the enemy,” he said, saying the Russian forces had shelled locations where civilians were assembling to board buses to leave the city. |
| “由于敌人的几次行动，为马里乌波尔的撤离组织一条安全通道的尝试失败了，”他说。他还说，俄罗斯军队炮击了一些平民聚集在一起准备乘巴士离开马里乌波尔的地点。 |
| “If a no-fly zone over Ukraine is not provided soon we will not be able to manage the supply of water and food, medicine, as well as to evacuate people safely,” he said. |
| “如果不尽快在乌克兰上空设立禁飞区，我们将无法管理水、食品和药品的供应，也无法安全疏散民众，”他说。 |
| Mariupol is only 35 miles from the Russian border, and its residents once regularly traveled there. Back in 2014, people in Mariupol watched the Maidan protests that ousted the country’s pro-Moscow president and felt uncomfortable, Ms. Levinchuk said. |
| 马里乌波尔距离俄罗斯边境只有约55公里，那里的居民以前经常前往俄罗斯。莱文丘克说，2014年，马里乌波尔的人们看到推翻该国亲莫斯科总统的独立广场抗议活动时，还觉得很不舒服。 |
| “We didn’t want to go to Europe because we felt like we were a part of Russia, we were really close,” she said, “like brother and sister.” |
| “我们不想去欧洲，因为我们觉得自己是俄罗斯的一部分，我们真的很亲密，”她说，“就像兄弟姐妹一样。” |
| But that began to change when war broke out in 2014 between Russian-backed separatists and Kyiv. The separatist forces held Mariupol for a month during that conflict, before the Ukrainian government took it back. That experience and seeing what happened in the nearby separatist enclaves and in Russia in the intervening years turned the city’s residents against Moscow, Ms. Levinchuk said. |
| 但当2014年俄罗斯支持的分离分子和基辅之间爆发战争时，情况开始变化。在那次冲突中，分离主义力量控制了马里乌波尔一个月，之后乌克兰政府将其夺回。莱文丘克说，这段经历，以及看到附近分离主义飞地和俄罗斯在这期间发生的事情，让这座城市的居民转而反对莫斯科。 |
| “In these eight years, everything has changed because no, nobody wants to go to Russia,” she said. “We feel like we are Ukrainian.” |
| “在这八年里，一切都变了，因为没有人想去俄罗斯了，”她说。“我们觉得自己是乌克兰人。” |
| As the relationship between Mariupol and Russia has soured, so, too, has Ms. Levinchuk’s relationship with her brother Misha, 47, who moved to Russia in 2014 to get away from the war. Now, because of an information blackout in Russia, he has no idea what is happening to the city of their birth — making Ms. Levinchuk one of many Ukrainians whose Russian relatives have responded to news of the brutality of the invasion with denial. |
| 随着马里乌波尔与俄罗斯的关系恶化，莱文丘克与她47岁的弟弟米沙的关系也在恶化。米沙为逃离战争，于2014年移居俄罗斯。现在，由于俄罗斯的信息封锁，他不知道他们出生的城市发生了什么事——这使得莱文丘克加入了许多乌克兰人的行列，他们的俄罗斯亲戚对有关残忍的入侵行动的报道予以否认。 |
| “He’s calling to me and I’m quite surprised because he’s telling me that Russia tried to make people free,” she said. |
| 她说：“他打电话给我，我很惊讶，因为他告诉我俄罗斯想让人们获得自由。” |
| “Misha, our Mom is dying without water, without heat, she has nothing,” she said she responded. “And you were telling me that Russia is trying to make Ukraine free? |
| “米沙，我们的妈妈快死了，没有水，没有供暖，她什么都没有，”她说自己这样回答他。“而你却告诉我，俄罗斯想让乌克兰自由？” |
| “They made our mother free from electricity, from heating, from food, from water,” she said, choking back tears. “And probably they will make us free of her life as well.” |
| “他们让我们的妈妈失去了电、暖气、食物和水，”她哽咽着说。“也许他们也会让我们失去她。” |
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