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| BEIJING — American companies are increasingly worried about coronavirus restrictions, regulatory issues and trade tensions with China, but have been cautious so far about moving production elsewhere, new figures show. |
| 北京——新数据显示，虽然美国企业越来越担心新冠限制措施、监管问题和与美中贸易紧张关系，但迄今为止，它们对于将生产转移到其他地方持谨慎态度。 |
| American companies in China are as worried now about bilateral relations between the United States and China as they were when President Donald J. Trump’s trade war peaked in 2019, according to an annual survey released on Tuesday by the American Chamber of Commerce in China. A brief “Biden bump” in sentiment, when relations seemed like they might improve right after President Biden’s inauguration a year ago, has disappeared, the chamber found. |
| 中国美国商会周二发布的年度调查显示，在华美国公司现在对美中双边关系的担忧程度与它们在2019年特朗普总统的贸易战达到顶峰时不相上下。一年前，拜登总统就职后两国关系似乎会出现改善，但商会发现，这种短暂的“拜登鼓舞”情绪已经消失。 |
| China’s stringent measures to prevent the coronavirus from spreading have caused three-quarters of American companies to have trouble getting expatriates into China to run their operations, according to the survey. China has halted almost all international flights, cut back sharply on business visas, nearly halted dependent visas and mandated three-week quarantines for overseas arrivals in sometimes grimy facilities with very few amenities. |
| 调查显示，中国为防止新冠病毒传播而采取的严格措施导致四分之三的美国公司难以将员工派驻到中国。中国停止了几乎所有国际航班，大幅削减商务签证，几乎停发家属签证，并强制要求海外入境者进行三周隔离，有的隔离设施非常简陋。 |
| But those difficulties have not translated into any rush for the exits. Exactly the same share of the chamber’s members, 83 percent, has said in each of the past three annual surveys that they have no plans to relocate operations to other countries. |
| 但这些困难并没有让企业急于退出。表示没有计划将业务转移到其他国家的商会会员比例为83%，过去三年的年度调查结果完全一致。 |
| The one exception seems to be the tech sector, which is very heavily reliant on China as the world’s dominant manufacturer of electronics. Some companies have been giving more contracts to factories elsewhere, and sometimes building new factories, even as they continue to rely mainly on China. |
| 科技行业似乎是一个例外，该行业严重依赖主导世界电子设备生产的中国。虽然它们继续主要依赖中国，但一些公司已经将更多合同给了其他地方，有时还会在那里建新厂。 |
| “They’re making duplicative investments in other parts of the world in order to manage the risk and uncertainty,” said Alan Beebe, the president of the American Chamber. The group’s survey was conducted late last autumn, long before the Russian invasion of Ukraine. |
| “它们在世界其他地区进行重复性投资，以管理风险和不确定性，”美国商会主席毕艾伦(Alan Beebe)说。该调查于去年秋末进行，远在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰之前。 |
| Instrumental, an American company that provides remote monitoring of assembly lines to a wide range of electronics companies, has found a sharp decline in the past two years in the share of new electronics manufacturing contracts awarded by multinationals to Chinese factories. These factories obtained 46 percent of new contracts last year, compared to 66 percent in 2019, before the pandemic began, said Anna-Katrina Shedletsky, Instrumental’s founder and chief executive. |
| 为各种电子设备公司提供生产线远程监控的美国公司Instrumental发现，跨国企业与中国工厂新签的电子设备制造合同数量在过去两年大幅下滑。Instrumental的创始人和首席执行官安娜–卡特里娜·谢德莱茨基表示，这些工厂去年获得了46%的新合同，而这一比例在疫情开始前的2019年则是66%。 |
| The main winners have been Taiwan and Southeast Asian nations, as companies have become increasingly concerned that coronavirus travel restrictions are preventing them from seeing first-hand what is happening on factory floors in China, she said. Factories in North America, particularly Mexico, have gained a handful of contracts, but not enough for the change to be statistically significant, she added. |
| 她说，主要赢家是台湾和东南亚国家，因为企业越来越担心新冠病毒旅行限制措施让他们无法亲眼看到中国工厂车间的情况。她还说，北美的工厂——尤其是墨西哥——获得了其中一些合同，但这一变化不足以具有统计学意义。 |
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