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| [英文] [中文] [双语对照] [双语交替] [] |
| BEIJING — While sports fans worldwide marvel at the aerial contortions of the skier Eileen Gu, many in China are professing their admiration for one “Frog Princess.” |
| 北京——当世界各地的体育迷惊叹于滑雪选手谷爱凌的空中转体时，许多中国人也在向“青蛙公主”表达钦佩之情。 |
| Americans who watched Nathan Chen spin his way to a gold medal may be confused to see Chinese figure skating aficionados refer knowingly to someone named “Chen No. 3.” |
| 看着陈巍(Nathan Chen)获得金牌的美国人可能会感到困惑，因为他们看到中国花样滑冰爱好者总在讲“陈三”这个名字。 |
| And although the name of the Russian figure skating star Anna Shcherbakova can be a mouthful for some of her Chinese-speaking fans, a sobriquet that translates to “Daughter of a Wealthy Family” rolls far more easily off their tongues. |
| 俄罗斯花样滑冰明星安娜·谢尔巴科娃的名字对一些说中文的粉丝来说可能很拗口，不过“千金”这个绰号就容易多了。 |
| “Nicknames are easy to remember,” said Zhou Yuyao, 22, a figure skating fan from Hebei Province. “Russian names are too long.” |
| “有绰号是方便记忆，”来自河北省的花样滑冰爱好者、22岁的周煜瑶说。“毕竟俄罗斯人名字太长了。” |
| Every culture and country coins nicknames, but few do it these days with the ingenuity and gusto of Chinese sports fans on the internet. This impulse has turned the Beijing Olympics into a weekslong lesson in cross-cultural wordplay. |
| 每种文化和国家都会用昵称，但如今很少有人能以互联网上的中国体育迷那样的热情来起一些独具匠心的外号。这种热忱将北京奥运会变成了长达数周的跨文化文字游戏课程。 |
| The motivation behind this phenomenon, as Zhou noted, is fairly simple. Official phonetic transliterations of international names into Chinese — a language whose written characters convey sounds but also distinct concepts and things — can be long, unwieldy and in producing strings of unrelated characters, basically nonsensical. |
| 正如周煜瑶所说，这种现象背后的动机相当简单。中文里的汉字传达声音的同时也表达不同的概念和事物，官方音译的外国名字可能很长，不方便，而且会出现一连串不相关、基本没有意义的汉字。 |
| But that same linguistic complexity makes the process of creating nicknames, for both domestic and international public figures, fruitful and fun for Chinese fans. |
| 但也是因为这种语言的复杂性，对中国粉丝来说，给国内和国际公众人物创建昵称的过程富有成效又有乐趣。 |
| Methodologies for making them vary, from the simple to the puzzlingly referential: people zero in on physical characteristics or personality traits; play around with phonetic and visual puns; or toy with references to public utterances, news events or some bit of obscure history. |
| 起绰号的方法各种各样，从简单易懂到令人费解的指代：人们对身体特征或人格特征的放大关注；玩谐音梗和视觉双关语；或将公开言论、新闻事件或一些鲜为人知的历史作为恶搞材料。 |
| Eteri Tutberidze, who coaches several Russian figure skating stars, has an oddball nickname — “Instant Noodle Sister” (方便面姐) — that makes a lot more sense once you have seen her dense, blond curls. |
| 埃特里·图特贝里泽是几位俄罗斯花样滑冰明星的教练，她有一个古怪的绰号——“方便面姐”——一旦你看到她浓密的金色卷发就会明白。 |
| This sort of evocative nicknaming has deep cultural roots in China, according to Shaohua Guo, a professor of Chinese language at Carleton College. Children receive nicknames to offset the earnestness built into the meanings of their given names. Even for adults, the relatively low number of common surnames in China, as well as given names that are typically only one or two characters long, provide more incentives for differentiating aliases. |
| 卡尔顿学院中文教授郭少华（音）表示，这种引发共鸣的取小名做法在中国有着深厚的文化根源。人们给孩子起小名来抵消正名的严肃性。由于中国的常见姓氏相对较少，而姓后面的名字通常只有一两个字，即使成年人也有用绰号将名字区分开来的动力。 |
| “Chinese people almost compete over who can be most creative with these,” Guo said. |
| “中国人几乎就像在比赛，看看谁在这方面最有创意，”郭少华说。 |
| Gu’s “Frog Princess” (青蛙公主) nickname, which she uses on her Chinese social media accounts, stems from a green helmet she once wore in competition. While that origin seems simple enough, Chinese fans online have also been using other nicknames this month that might require more explanation for outsiders. |
| 谷爱凌在中国社交媒体账户上使用的“青蛙公主”绰号源于她曾经在比赛中戴的绿色头盔。虽然这个起源似乎很简单，但本月，网络上的中国粉丝也在使用其他昵称，对外人来说可能需要一点解释工作。 |
| Take “Guai Ling” (拐凌): Here, fans created a phonetic smoothing of the first two syllables of Gu’s Chinese name, Gu Ailing, to make a well-meaning joke about the fact that the she speaks Chinese with a Beijing accent. (The accent is often the subject of gentle ribbing in China for its contractions and jammed-up syllables.) |
| 以“拐凌”为例：这一次，粉丝们把谷爱凌的中文名字的前两个音节快速连读，善意地调侃她的中文带有北京口音。（在中国，北京口音里音节的省略和混合常常成为笑话的素材。） |
| “It is a way for fans to express their affection for athletes,” said Yao Jiahui, 23, a figure skating fan from Hunan Province. |
| “我觉得是粉丝对运动员表达喜爱的一种形式，”来自湖南省的花样滑冰爱好者、23岁的姚嘉慧说。 |
| Yao, referring to Chen by his Chinese name, Chen Wei, noted that some fans called him “Tigger” (跳跳虎), using the Chinese translation for the Winnie the Pooh character. |
| 姚嘉慧讲到陈巍时说，看到一些粉丝称他为“跳跳虎”，这是《小熊维尼》角色的中文译名。 |
| “This comes from the popular recognition of his superior physical fitness and excellent jumping ability,” Yao said of Chen (who has been called some nastier names online this month by detractors). |
| “这是大家对他优越的体能和出色的跳跃能力的认可，”姚嘉辉说道（陈巍本月在网上被诋毁者起了一些更难听的名字）。 |
| One of Chen’s other nicknames, “Chen No. 3” (陈三), requires some understanding of international figure skating history. In the eyes of Chinese skating fans, he is the third prominent skater from North America with the Chinese surname Chen, which, in English, can also be spelled Chin, Chan or Tan, depending on the original dialect. Before him came Tiffany Chin, who was the U.S. national champion in 1985, and Patrick Chan, the 2018 Olympic gold medalist from Canada. |
| 理解陈巍的另一个绰号“陈三”需要对国际花样滑冰历史有所了解。在中国花滑爱好者眼中，他是北美第三位陈姓杰出花滑运动员（在英文中，根据祖上方言的不同，也可以拼写为Chin、Chan或Tan）。在他之前的是1985年全美冠军陈婷婷和来自加拿大的2018年奥运会金牌得主陈伟群。 |
| Following this logic, the nickname “Chen No. 4 Little Sister” (陈四妹), has been given to another current American skater, Karen Chen. |
| 按照这个逻辑，人们给另一位现役美国花滑选手陈楷雯起了“陈四妹”的外号。 |
| “My mom told me about it because she sometimes likes to read the Chinese forums,” Karen Chen said. “It’s cute that they give us skaters nicknames. I like nicknames. My Instagram handle is @karebearsk8. It’s not professional — it’s literally from a nickname a friend would call me.” |
| “我妈妈告诉我这件事，因为她有时喜欢看中文论坛，”陈楷雯说。“他们给我们滑冰选手起绰号，这很可爱。我喜欢绰号。我的Instagram账号是@karebearsk8。并非官方账号——用户名来自一个朋友给我起的绰号。” |
| In America, the obituaries for sports nicknames were written long ago. |
| 在美国，体育圈里的绰号很久以前就已经变得很无趣了。 |
| Consider the sad bynames that litter the otherwise colorful landscape of the N.B.A. What remains is a collection of hollowed-out alphanumeric codes (KD, LBJ, CP3), uninspiring nods to body hair (The Beard, The Brow) and vague abbreviations (Melo, D-Rose). |
| NBA原本应该多姿多彩的赛场上现在全是很烂的绰号，只有一堆空洞的字母和数字代号(KD、LBJ、CP3)，对体毛的无聊暗示（“胡子”、“眉毛”），以及模糊的缩写(Melo、D-Rose)。 |
| Contrast that to the high-level wordplay powering the names N.B.A. stars receive from Chinese fans. For instance, Nick Kapur, a professor of East Asian history at Rutgers, pointed out that Klay Thompson was known to some Chinese fans as “Soup God” (汤神). Chinese fans often use “God” to refer to anyone highly skilled in some field. The Chinese character for soup is also the first character of the official transliteration of Thompson’s name. |
| 相比之下，中国球迷给NBA球星起的名字都是高级的文字游戏。例如，罗格斯大学的东亚历史教授尼克·卡普尔指出，克雷·汤普森被一些中国球迷称为“汤神”。中国粉丝经常用“神”来指代某个领域的高手。“汤”字也是汤普森姓氏官方音译的第一个字。 |
| “Some are more straightforward,” added Kapur, who wrote a viral Twitter thread on basketball nicknames a few years ago. “Charles Barkley was called ‘Flying Pig.’ He was kind of chunky, but he could also jump high. So they’re giving props, but also: ‘You’re fat.’” |
| “有些绰号更直接，”卡普尔还说。几年前，他在Twitter上写了一个关于篮球昵称的帖子，被广为传播。“查尔斯·巴克利被称为‘飞猪’。他有点矮胖，但也能跳得很高。所以他们在给予赞赏的同时，也会说：‘你太胖了。’” |
| Kapur said the nicknames could be ironic, affectionate and teasing all at once. |
| 卡普尔说，这些昵称可以同时具有讽刺、亲昵和调侃的意味。 |
| Take, for instance, “Bucket of Scallion” (葱桶), a nickname given to the Chinese Olympic figure skating duo of Sui Wenjing and Han Cong. Sui once made fun of her own physique, saying her waistline looked like a bucket. And in Chinese, the word for scallion is similar to the name Cong. So fans, naturally, put them together. |
| 比如，“葱桶”是中国奥运花样滑冰双人组隋文静和韩聪的绰号。隋文静曾经取笑自己的体格，说她的腰围看起来像水桶。而在中文里，“葱”和“聪”谐音，所以粉丝们自然会把它们放在一起。 |
| The logic behind “Daughter of a Wealthy Family” (千金) for Shcherbakova is both poetic and literal. |
| 谢尔巴科娃的昵称“千金”既有这个词本来的意思，也有诗意的引申。 |
| “Her overall performance is elegant,” Peng Minjian, 27, a figure skating fan from Jiangxi Province, said of Shcherbakova. “And she came from a rather wealthy family.” Peng runs a verified figure skating news account on WeChat and has several nicknames to his credit. |
| “她的整体的表演都是比较优雅一点，”27岁的彭敏健是来自江西的一名花样滑冰迷，他这样评价谢尔巴科娃。“然后可能她家境也比较优越吧。”彭敏健在微信上有一个经认证的花样滑冰新闻账号，好几个运动员的绰号都是出自他之口。 |
| And then there is “K Baby” (K宝), the widely used nickname of Kamila Valieva, a 15-year-old Russian figure skating phenom, that nods to her youthful virtuosity. The name was echoing across social media this week after the revelation that Valieva had tested positive for a banned substance in the run-up to the Games. |
| “K宝”是15岁的俄罗斯花样滑冰天才卡米拉·瓦利耶娃广泛使用的昵称，意思是她年纪轻轻就有着精湛的技艺。本周，瓦利耶娃被披露在奥运会前对一种违禁物质的检测呈阳性，这个绰号也在社交媒体上广为出现。 |
| The names, fans and scholars said, tended to be created and tossed around by die-hard fans on social media platforms and message boards — as part of what Xin Yang, a language professor at Macalester College, described as China’s “carnivalesque online youth culture” — before crystallizing for wider use. |
| 粉丝和学者们说，这些名字往往是社交媒体平台和留言板上的铁杆粉丝们创造和折腾出来的——玛卡莱斯特学院语言教授杨欣（音）将其描述为中国“网络青年文化狂欢”的一部分——然后才被广泛使用。 |
| The Chinese short track speedskater Ren Ziwei, who won a gold medal in the 1,000-meter race, is nicknamed “Elephant” (大象), either for his large frame or his unstoppable presence, depending on the version of lore. |
| 中国短道速滑运动员任子威在1000米比赛中获得了金牌，他的绰号是“大象”，要么是因为他身材高大，要么是因为他势不可挡，这取决于传说的不同版本。 |
| But it is the Russians, with their dominance in figure skating — the most popular Winter Olympic sport in China — and, yes, their sometimes long names, who seem to inspire the most creative naming. |
| 但是最能激发出创意绰号的，还要算在中国最受欢迎的冬奥项目花样滑冰中占主导地位的俄罗斯人——是的，他们的名字有时候真的很长。 |
| Zhou pointed, for instance, to Alexandra Trusova, another Russian skater. Chinese fans on the internet refer to her as “Shasha” (莎莎) because of the basic transliteration of her Russian nickname, Sasha. But they also fondly call her “Czar” (莎皇). |
| 比如，周煜瑶提到另一位俄罗斯滑冰选手亚历山德拉·特鲁索娃。中国球迷在网上称她为“莎莎”，这是她俄语昵称“萨莎”的音译。但他们也亲切地称她为“莎皇”。 |
| “The way she skates is very dominating and bossy,” Zhou said. “Figure skating women are bound by traditional aesthetics — elegance and softness. But Shasha is not like that.” |
| “她滑冰的感觉又很霸气，”周煜瑶说。“花滑的女性总是被传统审美束缚——优雅、柔软，但莎莎不是这样。” |
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