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| BEIJING — When the figure skater Nathan Chen won an Olympic gold medal for the United States, the state media in China, his parents’ birthplace, practically ignored his victory. |
| 北京——当花样滑冰运动员陈巍为美国赢得奥运会金牌时，中国的官方媒体基本无视他的胜利。中国是他父母出生的地方。 |
| When the Californian-born skater Beverly Zhu stumbled on the ice in her first appearance for China, Chinese social media users told her to “go back to America.” |
| 出生于加州的滑冰运动员朱易第一次代表中国出场，当她在冰上摔倒时，中国社交媒体用户告诉她“滚回美国”。 |
| When Eileen Gu won gold skiing for China, people in China celebrated her as the nation’s pride. But in the United States, where she was born and trained, some conservative political pundits called her ungrateful. |
| 当谷爱凌为中国赢得滑雪金牌时，中国人民将她视为民族的骄傲。但在她出生和受训的美国，一些保守的政治评论人士称她忘恩负义。 |
| To be an American-born athlete of Chinese descent on sport’s most prominent global stage is to be a lightning rod for patriotic, some say nationalistic, sentiment. Once held up as bridges linking the two countries, the Chinese American Olympians — and their successes and failures — are increasingly being seen as proxies in the superpowers’ broader geopolitical tussle. |
| 一名出生在美国的华裔运动员登上体育界的全球最高舞台，就成为爱国主义情绪——有人说是民族主义情绪——批评的对象。华裔美国奥运选手曾是连接两国的桥梁，他们——以及他们的成功和失败——如今越来越被视为超级大国间更广泛地缘政治角力的代理人。 |
| In China, a resurgent nationalism has meant that even among citizens, anyone airing even the mildest of criticisms can be accused of disloyalty. But the scrutiny of Chinese Americans is often harsh in other ways. |
| 在中国，复兴的民族主义意味着即使在公民之间，任何人即使表达最温和的批评也可能被斥之为不爱国。但对华裔美国人的审视在其他方面往往也十分严厉。 |
| They are expected to show loyalty as part of a perceived extended Chinese family, yet are also distrusted as outsiders. Depending on the moment and mood, they can be shunned as traitors to the motherland or embraced as heroes who bring glory to the nation. |
| 他们被认为是中国大家庭的一部分，被期望表现出忠诚，但也是不被信任的局外人。在不同的时刻和情绪中，他们可以被视为祖国的叛徒，也可以被看作为民族争光的英雄。 |
| For the athletes, choosing which country to compete for is often a personal or practical decision. Having ties to both the United States and China is also natural for Chinese Americans, many of whom grow up straddling two cultures, geographies and languages. |
| 对于运动员来说，选择为哪个国家参赛往往出于个人因素或实际因素。与美国和中国都有联系对于华裔美国人来说也是理所当然，他们中的许多人在跨越两种文化、地域和语言的环境下长大。 |
| “When I’m in China, I’m Chinese and when I go to America, I’m American,” Ms. Gu, 18, has often said in response to questions about her decision to compete for China. Ms. Gu, whose father is white and mother is Chinese, was born and raised in California by her mother. She speaks Chinese fluently and visited Beijing frequently as a child. |
| “当我在中国时，我是中国人，当我去美国时，我是美国人，”18岁的谷爱凌经常这样回答关于她决定为中国参赛的问题。谷爱凌的父亲是白人，母亲是中国人。出生在加州的谷爱凌由母亲在那里抚养长大。她说一口流利的中文，小时候经常去北京。 |
| But worsening geopolitical tensions between Beijing and Washington have made maintaining the balancing act difficult for such athletes. |
| 但北京和华盛顿之间日益恶化的地缘政治紧张局势使这些运动员难以保持平衡状态。 |
| “We can see the heightened expectations and demands for these young athletes to pick a side, to prove their loyalty in one way or another,” said Ellen Wu, an associate professor of history at Indiana University who researches Asian American history. |
| “我们可以看到，人们对于这些年轻运动员选择一方，以某种方式证明他们忠诚度的期望和要求越来越高，”研究亚裔美国人历史的印第安纳大学历史学副教授吴迪安说。 |
| Many countries have for decades recruited foreign-born athletes to boost their chances of winning medals at the Olympics. Now China, too, is looking abroad for talent as well. |
| 几十年来，许多国家都在招募外国出生的运动员，以提高在奥运会上获得奖牌的机会。现在中国也在海外寻找人才。 |
| Around 30 athletes competing for China in this year’s Games are naturalized Chinese citizens, with most playing for the men’s and women’s ice hockey teams. None, though, have attracted as much scrutiny in the United States as Ms. Gu, who has already won two medals at these Games. |
| 在今年的奥运会上，大约有30名代表中国参赛的运动员是归化的中国公民，大多数是为男子和女子冰球队效力。不过，在美国，没有人像谷爱凌那样受到如此严格的审视。她已经在本届奥运会上获得了两枚奖牌。 |
| Ms. Gu has said her decision to compete for China was driven by a desire to grow the sport in the country. She has thanked both the United States and China for grooming her. But some commentators on both sides are treating the Olympics like a battlefield and using rhetoric about “betrayal” and “loyalty” to describe the athletes. |
| 谷爱凌表示，她决定代表中国参赛是出于在中国发展这项运动的愿望。她感谢美国和中国对她的培养。但双方的一些评论人士却把奥运会当成战场，用“背叛”和“忠诚”这样的辞藻来形容运动员。 |
| Will Cain, a Fox News Host, said it was “ungrateful” of Ms. Gu to “betray the country that not just raised her, but turned her into a world-class skier.” |
| 福克斯新闻主持人威尔·凯恩说，谷爱凌“背叛了这个不仅抚养她长大，而且把她变成世界级滑雪运动员的国家”，这是“忘恩负义”。 |
| In China, however, Ms. Gu has quickly become a superstar. Many Chinese obsess over her strong Beijing accent, her success as a model and reports about her near-perfect SAT scores. She has a bevy of lucrative endorsements from top Chinese brands, like JD.com, Bank of China and Anta. |
| 然而，在中国，谷爱凌迅速成为了超级明星。许多中国人痴迷于她浓重的北京口音、她成功的模特事业以及有关她近乎满分的SAT成绩的报道。她获得了许多中国顶级品牌的高价代言，包括京东、中国银行和安踏等。 |
| Despite the outpouring of adulation in China, Ms. Gu is also walking a fine line. She has so far declined to answer repeated questions about whether she surrendered her United States passport. (China does not allow dual nationality.) |
| 尽管在中国受到了热烈的追捧，但谷爱凌也如在走钢丝一般。到目前为止，她一直拒绝回答人们反复提出的她是否放弃了美国护照的问题。（中国不允许双重国籍。） |
| Hu Xijin, a recently retired editor of Global Times, a brashly nationalist Chinese newspaper, warned Chinese propaganda organs on Sunday to moderate their praise of Ms. Gu, suggesting it was unclear which nation she would identify with as she got older. |
| 最近退休的中国民族主义报纸《环球时报》的主编胡锡进周日警告，中国的宣传机构对谷爱凌的宣传不宜拔高，暗示尚不清楚她再过几年会认同哪个国家。 |
| “China’s national honor and credibility cannot be put at stake in the case of Gu Ailing,” he wrote, referring to Ms. Gu by her Chinese name. |
| 他写道：“在谷爱凌的问题上，中国的国家荣誉和信誉不能有风险。” |
| The implication is that heritage alone is no longer enough for Chinese American athletes to be embraced by China. Rather, it now hinges on their ability to hew to China’s increasingly demanding, some say unrealistic, expectations. |
| 言下之意是，仅靠血缘已经不足以让华裔美国运动员受到中国的欢迎。相反，现在这取决于他们是否有能力遵守中国日益苛刻（有些人认为根本不切实际）的期望。 |
| Not being able to speak Chinese fluently was the first strike against Beverly Zhu, the California-born figure skater who competes for China under the name Zhu Yi. Then, she fell several times during competition, prompting Chinese social media users to unleash a wave of attacks against her, many of them ugly. |
| 出生于加州的花样滑冰运动员贝弗莉·朱以朱易的名字为中国队参赛，不能流利地讲中文是对她的第一个打击。然后，她在比赛中摔倒了几次，令中国社交媒体用户对她发起了一波攻击，其中许多都很难听。 |
| Many online users called her a “disgrace” and suggested — without evidence — that Ms. Zhu had been given a spot on the Chinese Olympics team over a Chinese-born skater because of the prominence of her father, a computer scientist who relocated to Peking University from the United States. The attacks were so intense that Chinese internet censors stepped in to tamp down the vitriol. |
| 许多网友说她“丢人”，并在没有证据的情况下暗示，朱易之所以取代中国出生的滑冰选手，在中国奥运代表队中获得一席之地，只因为她的父亲是一位从美国到北京大学工作的计算机科学家，拥有杰出的地位。这样的攻击实在太激烈，以至于中国的互联网审查机构介入压制这些尖酸刻薄的言论。 |
| The negativity partly stems from a disillusionment with the United States and a perception in China that Washington is unfairly fanning hostility toward Beijing to try to block the country’s rise. |
| 这种负面情绪部分源于对美国的幻灭，以及中国人认为华盛顿不公平地煽动对北京的敌意，试图阻止中国崛起。 |
| “There was a time when people felt it was awesome to be American,” said Hung Huang, a Chinese-born American writer based in Beijing. “But as politics between the two countries have spiraled down the rabbit hole, Chinese feel that they should not — or cannot — admire a country that point fingers at them all the time.” |
| “曾经有一段时间，人们觉得身为美国人很了不起，”在中国出生、现居北京的华裔美国作家洪晃说。“但是随着两国之间的政治掉进了无底洞，中国人觉得他们不应该——或者不能——赞美一个一直指责他们的国家。” |
| The Chinese response to some of the athletes has been indifferent at best, derisive at worst. Last week, Chinese state media was noticeably silent on the gold medal win by Mr. Chen, the American figure skater, in the men’s individual event, focusing instead on Japan’s Yuzuru Hanyu, who finished fourth, and on the Chinese figure skater Jin Boyang, who placed ninth. Chinese social media users posted comments dismissing the American athlete’s achievement as unworthy of attention because, in their view, he had insulted China. |
| 中国对一些运动员的反应说好听点是无动于衷，说难听点是冷嘲热讽。上周，中国官方媒体对美国花样滑冰选手陈巍在男子个人项目上获得金牌一事明显保持沉默，而是更关注获得第四名的日本选手羽生结弦，以及获得第九名的中国花样滑冰选手金博洋。中国社交媒体用户发表评论称，这位美国运动员的成就不值得关注，因为在他们看来，他有辱华行为。 |
| Mr. Chen had initially rankled the Chinese public at the 2018 Games, when he skated to the music of “Mao’s Last Dancer,” a 2009 film about a Chinese ballet dancer who had defected. (Mr. Chen said last week that he was not aware of the broader context of the music when he chose it.) |
| 陈巍最初是在2018年的冬奥会上惹恼了中国公众，当时他伴着2009年的电影《毛泽东时代的最后舞者》(Mao 's Last Dancer)滑冰，这部电影讲述了一名叛逃的中国芭蕾舞演员的故事。（陈巍上周表示，他选曲时并不了解这首曲子的整体背景。） |
| Then, in October, Mr. Chen drew more criticism in China when he supported his teammate, Evan Bates, in expressing concern about China’s human rights record. |
| 然后，去年10月，陈巍支持他的队友埃文·贝茨表达对中国人权记录的担忧，这在中国引发了更多批评。 |
| “I agree with what Evan was saying,” Mr. Chen said at the time. “I think for a greater change to occur, there must be power that is beyond the Olympics. It has to be change at a remarkable scale.” |
| “我同意埃文说的，”陈巍当时说。“我认为要发生更大的变化，必须有超越奥运会的力量。必须是大规模的改变。” |
| Two decades ago, China held up athletes like the figure skater Michelle Kwan and the tennis player Michael Chang as cultural ambassadors. |
| 20年前，中国把花样滑冰运动员关颖珊和网球运动员张德培等人视为文化大使。 |
| David Zhuang, a Chinese-born table tennis player competing for the United States, recalled receiving a raucous welcome when he returned to Beijing in 2008 for the Summer Olympics. Mr. Zhuang, who had moved to the United States in 1990, said in a phone interview that during one match he played, a group of Chinese fans gathered around and shouted encouraging words. |
| 代表美国参赛的华裔乒乓球运动员庄永祥回忆说，2008年他回到北京参加夏季奥运会时，受到了热烈的欢迎。庄永祥于1990年移居美国，他在接受电话采访时说，在他参加的一场比赛中，有一群中国球迷聚在一起，向他喊出鼓励的话。 |
| “Can you imagine, I had left the country 18 years before and here they were cheering me on,” recalled Mr. Zhuang. “I couldn’t play after that, I was so emotional.” |
| “你能想像吗，我18年前离开这个国家，他们却在这里为我加油，”庄永祥回忆说。“然后我简直不能打球了，我太激动了。” |
| Watching the Games this time around, he said, the atmosphere felt completely different. |
| 他说，这次观看奥运会，感觉气氛完全不同。 |
| “When I look at the relationship today, and the politics and the competition between the two countries, it kind of hurts,” Mr. Zhuang said. “What a pity.” |
| “看看今天的两国关系，以及两国之间的政治和竞争时，有点让人伤心，”庄永祥说。“真让人遗憾。” |
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