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| ZHANGJIAKOU, China — The Uyghur athlete had been a relative unknown — a first-time Olympic Games competitor and a cross-country skier in a country not renowned for its skiing tradition. Then she was thrust into the limelight, beaming as she clutched the Olympic torch at the opening of the Games, becoming not just a symbol of China’s snow sports ambitions but also its strident defiance of Western criticism. |
| 中国张家口——这名维吾尔运动员相对而言不为人知，在一个不以滑雪传统闻名的国家，作为一名越野滑雪运动员，这是她第一次参加奥运会。随后，她被推到聚光灯下，在奥运会开幕式上满面春风地手持奥运火炬，不仅成为中国雪上运动雄心的象征，也成为中国对西方批评坚决抵制的象征。 |
| The lighting of the Olympic cauldron is traditionally an honor given to people who symbolize the host nation, or its sporting history, or its vision of itself. China’s selection of the Uyghur athlete, Dinigeer Yilamujiang, 20, for that role, along with a teammate of the Han Chinese ethnic majority, was immediately divisive. |
| 传统上，点燃奥运主火炬是一种荣誉，被授予给那些代表着主办国，或其体育历史，或其愿景的人。中国选择20岁的维吾尔运动员迪妮格尔·衣拉木江和一名汉族队友担任这一角色，立刻引发了争议。 |
| To many Chinese, it was a feel-good message of ethnic unity. But to human rights activists and Western critics, it looked like Beijing was using an athlete in a calculated, provocative fashion to whitewash its suppression of Uyghurs in the far western region of Xinjiang, where Yilamujiang is from. |
| 对许多中国人来说，这是一个象征着民族团结的正能量信息。但在人权活动人士和西方批评人士看来，感觉像是北京以一种精心策划的挑衅性方式，利用一名运动员来粉饰其在遥远的西部地区新疆对维吾尔人的镇压。衣拉木江正是来自那里。 |
| Chinese state media declared after the ceremony that Yilamujiang had “showed the world a beautiful and progressive Xinjiang” with her “smiling face and youthful figure.” The propaganda effort was offensive to many overseas Uyghurs, who have long sought to raise awareness about China’s mass detention and re-education campaign targeting Uyghur Muslims that the United States has declared as genocidal. |
| 中国官方媒体在开幕式结束后宣布，衣拉木江用她“笑靥如花的面孔和青春朝气的身姿”，“向全世界展示了一个美好、奋进的新疆”。这种宣传手法令许多海外维吾尔人反感，他们长期以来一直寻求提高人们对于中国针对维吾尔穆斯林大规模拘禁和再教育活动的认识，美国已宣布这些活动为种族灭绝。 |
| “When my country is completely turned into an open-air prison, they show this kind of happy Uyghur lighting the Olympic torch,” said Rahima Mahmut, the United Kingdom director for World Uyghur Congress and executive director of Stop Uyghur Genocide, a charity. “It is disgusting, absolutely disgusting.” |
| “当我的国家完全变成露天监狱的时候，他们却在展示这种欢快的维吾尔人点燃奥运火炬的场面，”世界维吾尔代表大会英国负责人、慈善机构“停止维吾尔种族灭绝”的执行董事拉希玛·马赫穆特说。“太恶心了，太恶心了。” |
| China, which denies accusations of repression in Xinjiang, has defended its choice of Yilamujiang, saying that she is “the pride and excellent representative of the Chinese people.” It has insisted that the Olympics are not political, and a spokesman for Beijing’s Olympics organizing committee explained that the idea behind the final torch relay was to have Chinese winter sports athletes born in each decade starting in the 1950s pass the flame on as a symbol of inheritance. |
| 中国否认对新疆镇压的指控，并为其选择衣拉木江进行辩护，称她是“中国各族人民的骄傲和优秀代表”。中国坚称奥运会不是政治性的，北京奥组委的一位发言人解释说，火炬传递的最终目的是让从1950年代开始每十年出生的中国冬季运动的运动员传递火炬，作为传承的象征。 |
| Mark Adams, a spokesman for the International Olympic Committee, said that as an Olympian competing in the Games, Yilamujiang was “perfectly entitled” to be a torchbearer. Human rights activists have criticized the committee for its refusal to engage with concerns about China’s rights abuses in Xinjiang. |
| 国际奥委会发言人马克·亚当斯表示，作为一名奥运选手，衣拉木江“完全有资格”担任火炬手。人权活动人士批评该委员会拒绝回应外界对中国在新疆侵犯人权的关切。 |
| What does the athlete herself make of the debate? So far, it has been impossible to know. Since her star turn in the Bird’s Nest stadium in Friday’s opening ceremony, Yilamujiang has kept a low profile. On a frigid and sunny Tuesday, she was in Zhangjiakou, a city northwest of Beijing where the cross-country ski events are being held, competing in her second event, the women’s individual sprint. She failed to advance out of the first round, finishing 56th in a field of 90. |
| 这位运动员本人对这场辩论有何看法？到目前为止还不可能知道。自从周五在鸟巢体育场的开幕式上成为明星以来，衣拉木江一直保持低调。在天气寒冷、阳光明媚的周二，她来到张家口，参加她的第二个项目女子短距离越野滑雪。张家口位于北京西北部，越野滑雪赛事正在那里举行。她在第一轮比赛中以90分的成绩排在第56位，未能晋级。 |
| Wearing a periwinkle neck gaiter with a flower print and the black-and-red Team China uniform, she doubled over to catch her breath after crossing the finish line. Her friend and teammate from Xinjiang, Jialin Bayani, rushed over to help her loosen her bindings. The two then linked arms and walked with their teammates out of the venue, clutching their skis. |
| 她穿着印有花朵图案的脖套和黑红相间的中国队队服，在冲过终点线后弯下腰来喘口气。她来自新疆的朋友兼队友巴亚尼·加林过来帮她解开装备。然后两人手挽着手，和队友一起走出场地，手里紧握着滑雪板。 |
| Yilamujiang hurried through the press area after Tuesday’s event but did not stop to talk. At another competition on Saturday, she had failed to walk through a mixed zone with reporters after her race, in apparent contravention of I.O.C. guidelines. She has appeared only in Chinese state media reports since the Games started, describing her joy about her role opening the Games. |
| 周二的比赛结束后，衣拉木江匆匆穿过媒体区，但没有停下来交谈。在周六的另一场比赛中，她在比赛结束后没有走过记者所在的混合采访区，这显然违反了国际奥委会的规定。自奥运会开始以来，她只出现在中国的官方媒体上，讲述自己在奥运会开幕式上所扮演的角色带来的喜悦之情。 |
| “That moment will encourage me every day for the rest of my life,” Yilamujiang told China’s official news agency, Xinhua, on Sunday. “I was so excited when I found out we were going to place the torch. It’s a huge honor for me!” |
| “鸟巢的瞬间激励着我以后的每一天，我会铭记一辈子！”衣拉木江周日对中国官方通讯社新华社说。“当我得知这个消息，非常惊讶和激动。心里无比自豪和骄傲。” |
| Yilamujiang grew up in Altay, a mountainous region in northern Xinjiang that China has described as the birthplace of skiing. Chinese archaeologists have discovered cave paintings in Altay more than 10,000 years old that appear to depict hunters on skis. In recent years, the Chinese government has sought to promote the Altay area as an international ski destination. |
| 衣拉木江在新疆北部的山区阿勒泰长大，中国称那里是滑雪的发源地。中国考古学家在阿勒泰发现了一万多年前的洞穴壁画，描绘的似乎是滑雪的猎人。近年来，中国政府一直在努力推动阿勒泰地区成为一个国际滑雪胜地。 |
| Yilamujiang began skiing at age 12 with her father, Yilamujiang Mulaji, who came from a mining family and was himself a national cross-country ski champion. According to state media, in 2009, Mulaji was working as an official for the local sports bureau when the authorities began a campaign to revive the skiing tradition. Mulaji started coaching a team of teenagers, including his daughter, according to a report from Xinhua in 2020. |
| 衣拉木江从12岁开始和她的父亲衣拉木江·木拉吉一起滑雪。木拉吉来自一个采矿家庭，他自己也是全国越野滑雪冠军。据官方媒体报道，2009年，木拉吉在当地体育局担任官员时，当局开始恢复滑雪传统。据新华社2020年的一篇报道，木拉吉开始指导一支青少年队伍，其中包括他的女儿。 |
| But even training was a challenge, as Xinjiang lacked the infrastructure needed to coach world-class cross-country skiers. |
| 但就连训练都是一项挑战，因为新疆缺乏训练世界级越野滑雪运动员所需的基础设施。 |
| Just to create trails they could use for practice, Yilamujiang and her teammates would line up in their skis and move, step by step, along the powder snow, the report said. It sometimes took them as long as eight hours to create a practice trail that was three kilometers, or less than two miles, long. |
| 报道称，为了打造练习用的雪道，衣拉木江和队友们会穿着滑雪板排成一排，沿着松软的细雪一步一步地移动。有时，她们要花上八个小时才能建立起一条三公里长的练习道。 |
| In 2017, Yilamujiang was selected to join China’s national cross-country ski team, and in 2018, she moved to Norway for training. Since then, she has won a number of national competitions but has yet to excel competing against the world’s best skiers on the World Cup tour. |
| 2017年，衣拉木江进入国家越野滑雪队，2018年，她到挪威训练。从那以后，她赢得了许多全国性的比赛，但还没有在世界杯巡回赛上战胜世界上最好的滑雪者。 |
| On her Instagram account, Yilamujiang has posted photos and videos from her training and competition in countries like Norway, Italy and New Zealand. In her emoji-laden posts, she is often smiling, making peace signs and striking playful poses with teammates. Last August, she posted a photo series from Italy featuring some of the country’s greatest culinary hits: spaghetti, pizza and gelato. In a photo taken in what appears to be Sognefjellshytta, in Norway, the highest mountain pass in Northern Europe, she is shown posing alongside other athletes. |
| 衣拉木江在她的Instagram帐户上发布了她在挪威、意大利和新西兰等国家训练和比赛的照片和视频。在充满表情符的帖子中，她经常面带微笑，做出和平的手势，并与队友摆出俏皮的姿势。去年8月，她发布了一系列在意大利拍的照片，展示了该国一些最热门的美食：意大利面、比萨饼和冰淇淋。一张与其他运动员的合影似乎拍摄于挪威松恩山口，这是北欧最高的山口。 |
| “Great weather, great mood!” she wrote in Chinese in the caption. |
| “好天气配好心情！”她在配文中用中文写道。 |
| Such a globe-trotting existence is hard to imagine for many Uyghurs, some of whom have been locked up in detention camps merely for obtaining a passport. |
| 对于许多维吾尔人来说，这样的环球旅行是难以想像的，其中一些人仅仅因为取得护照就被关押在拘禁营中。 |
| And despite what is arguably the most exhilarating moment of her career, she has posted no updates to her Instagram account, or her Chinese social media account, in recent days. |
| 尽管这可以说是她职业生涯中最令人振奋的时刻，但最近几天，她没有在自己的Instagram帐户或中国社交媒体帐户上发布任何更新。 |
| China’s state-backed sports system is known for being controlling of athletes and what they say. But ethnic minority athletes like Yilamujiang are most likely subject to an even higher degree of monitoring by the government, according to Maya Wang, a senior China researcher for Human Rights Watch. |
| 中国举国体制下的体育系统以控制运动员及其言论而闻名。但人权观察中国高级研究员王松莲表示，像衣拉木江这样的少数民族运动员最有可能受到政府更高程度的监控。 |
| “They would have very little ability to contest how they are being used by the authorities,” Wang said. “Or they would have very likely been indoctrinated to consider themselves as being part of the official narrative of the great Chinese nation.” |
| “他们几乎没有能力质疑当局对他们的利用，”王松莲说。“或者他们很可能被灌输，认为自己是伟大中华民族官方叙事的一部分。” |
| In China’s narrative, ethnic minorities in Xinjiang live a “peaceful, harmonious and happy life.” The day after the opening ceremony, CCTV, China’s state broadcaster, released a video of Yilamujiang’s family gathered in a well-appointed living room adorned with framed medals and photos of the young skier, cheering her on as she lit the cauldron. State media said that the footage had been filmed at Yilamujiang’s home in Altay. |
| 在中国的叙述中，新疆的少数民族过着“和平、和谐、幸福的生活”。开幕式后的第二天，中国国家电视台中央电视台发布了一段视频，视频显示衣拉木江一家人聚集在一间精心布置的客厅里，客厅里装饰着镶框的奖牌和这位年轻滑雪运动员的照片，在她点燃火炬的时候为她欢呼。官方媒体称，这段视频是在衣拉木江位于阿勒泰的家中拍摄的。 |
| “I was so excited, so proud, so overjoyed,” her mother, Ruxian Hatibaji, told state media reporters. “Thank you to the country for entrusting my daughter with such an important task.” |
| “我特别激动，特别骄傲，特别自豪，”她的母亲茹仙·哈提巴吉告诉官方媒体记者。“谢谢国家把这么重要的任务交给我女儿。” |
| In another video released by state media after the ceremony, Yilamujiang recalled the rush of emotions when she left Xinjiang for the Games. She looked out of the window to see a group of herdsmen on horses galloping alongside to send her off. The red and-yellow Chinese flags they hoisted flapped in the air against the white snowy backdrop. |
| 官方媒体在仪式结束后发布的另一段视频中，衣拉木江回忆了离开新疆参加奥运会时的激动心情。她望向窗外，看到一群骑马的牧民在两旁疾驰着为她送行。白雪皑皑，他们高举的红底黄星的中国国旗在空中飘扬。 |
| “The tears were welling up and I was extremely proud,” she recalled. “I couldn’t help thinking that my home country had such great expectations for us, and that I would do my best in the competition, to perform to the best of my ability, so that I can live up to the expectations of the country and the people.” |
| “眼泪已经在眼睛里打转，心里是无比的自豪和骄傲，”她回忆道。“看到这一幕心里不禁在想，祖国对我们的期望那么大，我就要在这次比赛做好自己最大努力，展现自己最好水平，不负国家和人民对我们的期望。” |
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