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China: 7 out of the Top 10 are STEM majors, showing absolute dominance |
中国:最受欢迎的10个专业中有7个是理工科专业 |
According to China University Alumni Association, among those who score well enough in China’s highly competitive exam system to get into university, 19.39% choose to study Economics and 19.06% select Business Management, which means business & management related majors account for almost half of the popular majors. |
根据中华校友会的信息,通过中国竞争激烈的考试体系被大学录取的学生当中,19.39%的人选择经济学专业,19.06%的人选择商务管理专业,这意味着经管类专业几乎占据了热门专业的半壁江山。 |
The third most popular major in China is Informatics Engineering (6.87%) followed tightly by Law (6.53%). From No. 5 to No. 10, the most popular majors are almost all STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) majors such as Biological Sciences (5.93%), IT and Computer Sciences (5.72%), Architecture (3.84%), Physics (3.37%) and Automation Engineering (3.23%). |
在中国热度排行第三的专业是信息工程学专业(6.87%),紧随其后的是法学专业(6.53%)。排名第五到第十的热门专业几乎都是理工科(STEM代表科学、技术、工程学和数学),包括生物科学(5.93%)、信息技术和计算机科学(5.72%)、建筑学(3.84%)、物理学(3.37%)和自动化工程学(3.23%)。 |
It’s not until No. 11 that some social science majors such as Chinese language and literature, foreign language studies and journalism appear. |
直到第11名才开始出现一些社会科学类专业,比如汉语言文学、外国语和新闻学专业。 |
Chinese higher education emphasizes STEM education due to historical reasons. |
中国高等教育重视理工科是有其历史原因的。 |
When the Chinese started their reform and opening-up policy in the 1980s, the country urgently needed scientific professionals for industrial development, and the Chinese preference for STEM is rooted in that period. |
上世纪80年代中国开始实施改革开放政策时,国家急需科技人才来发展工业,中国人对于理工科的偏好就是从那时候开始的。 |
"Master mathematics, physics and chemistry, you can find a position all over the country” was one of the most famous national slogans. |
当时全国有一句非常有名的口号叫:“学好数理化,走遍天下都不怕。” |
US: Health, Psychology, Biology, American students like to explore human beings |
美国:健康、心理学和生物学这些探索人体奥秘的专业很受欢迎 |
Business and Management are the most popular subjects in the US (289,384 degrees). |
商务管理是美国最热门的专业(28万9384个学位)。 |
Health-related programs such as Nursing are next in line (141,632 degrees). Psychology and Biological and Biomedical Sciences run almost neck and neck (127,066 degrees and 120,375 degrees, respectively). |
其次是护理等健康相关专业(14万1632个学位)。心理学和生物及生物医学专业难分伯仲(分别是12万7066个学位和12万375个学位)。 |
The 5th place belongs to Engineering, with 117,553 degrees awarded. |
排行第五的热门专业是工程学,每年授出11万7553个学位。 |
Social science majors such as Education (102,219) follow up, and the difference between Communications (98,949) and Finance and Accounting (98,663) is rather small. |
接下来是教育学(10万2219个学位)等社会科学专业,传播学专业(9万8949个学位)和财会专业(9万8663个学位)二者的热度没什么差别。 |
A little bit surprisingly, Anthropology and Sociology (57,630) beat Computer Science (55,843) and have moved into the top 10. |
有点意外的是,人类学与社会学(5万7630个学位)打败了计算机科学(5万5843个学位),跻身前十。 |
The trends in prevailing college majors in the US connect directly to the average starting salary. |
美国热门专业的潮流和平均起薪直接相关。 |
Graduates with a degree in Business Administration receive $41,245 as a starting salary with an average mid-career salary of $70,694.00, higher than the average level of compensation of graduates in any other major, which is the biggest motivation that drives not only American students but most youngsters around the world. |
拥有商务管理学位的毕业生平均起薪为4万1245美元(约合人民币26万元),职业生涯中期的平均年薪为7万694美元,高于其他任何专业毕业生的平均薪酬水平。这是激励美国学生和全球多数学生攻读商务管理专业的最大动力。 |
The traditional high demand for medical services has helped to spur the popularity of medical and health-related programs. |
对于医疗服务的传统高需求提升了医学和健康相关专业的热度。 |
According to market research, doctors and nurses almost never face the unemployment issue: even when economic crises take place, medical workers usually are able to keep their jobs. |
市场调查显示,医生和护士几乎不用担心失业问题:即使发生经济危机,医疗工作者通常也能保住自己的工作。 |
Notably, in the US, a general psychology degree will open doors for students to find jobs in social work, marketing and human resources, similar to Education and Communications. |
值得注意的是,在美国,一个普通心理学学位和教育学、传播学学位一样,能让学生找到社会工作、市场营销和人力资源方面的工作。 |
The UK: Social science receives a relatively warm response |
英国:社会科学类专业比较吃香 |
Respecting the UK, data from the British Higher Education Statistics Agency illustrate that Business & Administrative studies are the most popular subjects (342,970). |
英国高等教育统计局的数据表明,商务和行政管理是英国最热门的专业(34万2970个学位)。 |
Subjects allied to Medicine and Biological Sciences are the second and third (288,065 and 233,970 respectively). |
医药和生物科学类专业的热度排行第二和第三,分别授出28万8065个学位和23万3970个学位。 |
Social Studies receive a warm welcome among young people as well (229,360). The 5th, 6th and 7th are respectively Creative Arts & Design (178,415), Engineering & Technology (164,975) and Education (145,445), and the differences among them are similar. |
社会学专业也受到了年轻人的青睐(22万9360个学位)。第五、第六和第七名分别是创意艺术与设计(17万8415个学位)、工程与技术(16万4975个学位)和教育学(14万5445个学位),这三者的热度差别不大。 |
The other two subjects that have over 100,000 students are Computer Science (107,250) and Languages (103,545). Physical Science (95,720) is also close to this number. |
攻读学生数量破10万的另外两个专业是计算机科学(10万7250个学位)和语言类(10万3545个学位)。物理学专业(9万5720个学位)的学生数量也接近10万。 |
Social Studies are more popular in the UK than in America. |
社会科学在英国比在美国更受欢迎。 |
For example, UK universities are among the oldest universities that offer law courses. |
举例来说,英国的大学是最早提供法学课程的大学。 |
Therefore, reflecting this long and rich tradition, UK law degrees have become very popular (and indeed highly competitive) for its students. |
因此,考虑到如此悠久而丰富的传统,英国法学学位非常受学生欢迎,确实也很有竞争力。 |
Another large absolute increase can be found in Creative Arts & Design degrees. |
另一个人气大涨的专业是创意艺术与设计。 |
The Higher Education Statistics Agency attributes this popularity to the increase in part-time students, among which there was a 19% increase in students studying Creative Arts & Design between 2015/16 and 2016/17. |
英国高等教育统计局将其归功于非全日制学生数量的增多,2015-2016学年和2016-2017学年攻读创意艺术与设计专业的学生增加了19%。 |
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