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| In Beijing, the vaccinated qualify for buy-one-get-one-free ice cream cones. In northern Gansu Province, a county government published a 20-stanza poem extolling the virtues of the jab. In the southern town of Wancheng, officials warned parents that if they refused to get vaccinated, their children’s schooling and future employment and housing were all at risk. |
| 北京已接种新冠疫苗的人有资格获得一张圆筒冰淇淋“买一赠一”券。北部甘肃省的一个县政府发表了一首长达20节的诗词，颂扬接种的好处。南方小镇万城的官员警告家长，如果拒绝接种疫苗，他们的子女上学、未来的就业和住房都将面临风险。 |
| China is deploying a medley of tactics, some tantalizing and some threatening, to achieve mass vaccination on a staggering scale: a goal of 560 million people, or 40 percent of its population, by the end of June. |
| 中国正在采取多种威迫利诱的策略，以实现规模宏大的新冠疫苗接种目标：让接种人数在6月底达到5.6亿人，即总人口的40%。 |
| China has already proven how effectively it can mobilize against the coronavirus. And other countries have achieved widespread vaccination, albeit in much smaller populations. |
| 中国已证明了自己能有效地动员人们抗击新冠病毒疾病。有些国家已实现了广泛的疫苗接种，尽管它们的人口要少得多。 |
| But China faces a number of challenges. The country’s near-total control over the coronavirus has left many residents feeling little urgency to get vaccinated. Some are wary of China’s history of vaccine-related scandals, a fear that the lack of transparency around Chinese coronavirus vaccines has done little to assuage. Then there is the sheer size of the population to be inoculated. |
| 但中国面临着一系列的挑战。它已几乎完全控制了新冠病毒的传播，这让许多居民缺乏接种疫苗的紧迫感。中国过去的疫苗丑闻让一些人持谨慎态度，而它的新冠病毒疫苗缺乏透明度无助于缓解这种担心。再就是需要接种疫苗的人口数量。 |
| To get it done, the government has turned to a familiar tool kit: a sprawling, quickly mobilized bureaucracy and its sometimes heavy-handed approach. This top-down, all-out response helped tame the virus early on, and now the authorities hope to replicate that success with vaccinations. |
| 为了实现接种目标，政府已转向一种熟悉的做法：一个庞大的、能迅速动员起来的官僚机构，以及这个机构有时采用的高压手段。这种自上而下、全力行动的应对措施曾帮助中国较早就控制了病毒，当局现在希望在接种疫苗上复制这种成功。 |
| Already, uptake has skyrocketed. Over the past week, China has administered an average of about 4.8 million doses a day, up from about one million a day for much of last month. Experts have said they hope to reach 10 million a day to meet the June goal. |
| 接种率已经大幅增长。过去一周里，中国平均每天接种约480万剂次疫苗，比上个月大部分时间里的平均每天约100万剂次高出许多。专家表示，他们希望达到每天1000万剂次，以实现6月的目标。 |
| “They say it’s voluntary, but if you don’t get the vaccine, they’ll just keep calling you,” said Annie Chen, a university student in Beijing who received two such entreaties from a school counselor in about a week. |
| “他们说是自愿的，但如果你不打疫苗，他们就会一直给你打电话，”北京的一名大学生安妮·陈(Annie Chen)说。她在大约一周内就接到了学校辅导员打来的两次电话。 |
| Worried about possible side effects, Ms. Chen had not planned to sign up. But after the counselor warned that she could soon face restrictions on access to public places, she relented — in part because she felt bad for him. “The counselor seemed to think his job was pretty hard, too. He sounded exhausted,” she said. |
| 由于担心可能的副作用，陈女士原来并不打算报名接种。但在辅导员警告说，她可能很快就会面临进入公共场所的限制后，陈女士终于答应了——部分原因是她觉得辅导员挺不容易的。“辅导员似乎也觉得自己的工作很辛苦。他听起来很累，”她说。 |
| Public anxiety about the vaccines emerged early. One survey in February, co-authored by the head of China’s Center for Disease Control and Prevention, found that less than half of medical workers in the eastern province of Zhejiang were willing to be vaccinated, many citing fear of side effects. By mid-March, China had administered only about 65 million doses for a population of 1.4 billion. |
| 公众对疫苗的焦虑很早就出现了。今年2月，中国疾病预防控制中心主任与他人合作进行的一项调查发现，在东部省份浙江，只有不到一半的医务人员愿意接种新冠疫苗，许多人担心它的副作用。到3月中旬时，中国14亿人口只打了约6500万剂次疫苗。 |
| Even with the recent surge in vaccinations, China still lags far behind dozens of other countries. Though China has approved five homegrown vaccines, it has administered 10 shots for every 100 residents. Britain has administered 56 for every 100; the United States, 50. |
| 即使最近接种数量激增，但中国仍远远落在几十个其他国家之后。尽管中国已经批准了五种国产疫苗，但每100名居民中只接种了10剂次疫苗。在英国，每100人中已接种了56剂次；在美国，每100人中已接种50剂次。 |
| Prominent doctors have warned that China’s sluggish pace threatens to undermine the country’s successful containment measures. |
| 一些知名的医生警告，中国的缓慢步伐可能会破坏该国成功的遏制措施。 |
| “China is at a very critical moment,” Zhong Nanshan, a top respiratory disease expert, said in a recent interview with the Chinese news media. “When other countries have been very well vaccinated, and China still lacks immunity, then that will be very dangerous.” |
| “中国处于一个非常关键的时刻，”顶级呼吸道疾病专家钟南山最近接受中国新闻媒体采访时说。“到那个时候，所有国家都接种得很好了，中国反而是无免疫的，那是很危险的。” |
| The warnings have been accompanied by a sweeping propaganda campaign and copious consumerist bait. |
| 伴随这些警告而来的，是大规模的宣传活动和大量的消费主义诱饵。 |
| On Monday, the Wangfujing shopping district in Beijing was teeming with bargains for the vaccinated. A Lego store offered a free kit to assemble a chick emerging from an egg. A street stall touted a 10 percent discount on tea. A state-run photo studio even advertised a discount on wedding photos. |
| 周一，在北京的购物区王府井，到处都能看到向接种了疫苗的人打折的商品。一家乐高门店为接种者免费提供一套用来组装小鸡从蛋中孵出的积木。一个街头摊贩在推销打九折的茶叶。一家国营照相馆甚至打出了婚纱照的打折广告。 |
| The promotion seemed to be working at one vaccination center, where people lined up for two-for-one soft serve at a bright yellow McDonald’s ice cream truck parked outside. |
| 推销活动似乎在一个疫苗接种中心起了作用，人们在一辆停在外面的大黄色麦当劳冰淇淋卡车前排起了队，购买“买一送一”的冰淇淋。 |
| Wang Xuan, an employee inside the truck, described how the advertisement caught the attention of one passer-by. |
| 卡车里一名叫王宣（音）的员工讲述了这个广告是如何引起一名路人注意的。 |
| “He went straight inside to get the vaccine and then came out to us to buy ice cream,” Mr. Wang said. |
| “有个人直接去后面打了疫苗，然后来我们这里买了冰淇淋，”王宣说。 |
| Other localities have opted for more stick than carrot (or ice cream). |
| 有些地方则更多地选择了大棒而不是胡萝卜（或冰淇淋）。 |
| In Chongqing, a company notice ordered workers between 18 and 59 without underlying health conditions to be vaccinated by the end of April, or be “held accountable,” though it did not elaborate. A government bulletin in the city of Haikou, in Hainan, said companies with less than 85 percent vaccination rates would be issued a warning and could be suspended for “rectification.” |
| 在重庆，一家公司通知要求，没有基础病的18至59岁的员工需在4月底前接种疫苗，否则将被“追究责任”，但通知没有详细说明。海南省海口市的一则政府通知称，新冠疫苗接种率低于85%的公司将受到警告，并可能被“停业整顿”。 |
| The city of Ruili, in southwestern China, last week became the first to adopt mandatory vaccination for eligible residents, after a small outbreak there. An official said the city expected to vaccinate the entire population of more than 200,000 people in five days by running vaccination sites 24 hours a day. |
| 西南部城市瑞丽在出现了小规模疫情后，上周成为第一个对符合条件的居民实施强制接种的城市。一名官员说，该市的疫苗接种点每天24小时运作，预计将在5天内为20多万人接种疫苗。 |
| Some social media users have complained that the pressure campaigns restrict their right of choice. But Tao Lina, a vaccination expert and former immunologist at the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said it was justifiable to impose somewhat punitive measures in the name of public health. |
| 一些社交媒体用户抱怨，强迫接种限制了他们的选择权。但疫苗专家、曾在上海疾病预防控制中心工作的免疫学家陶黎纳说，以公共卫生的名义实施一些惩罚性措施是合理的。 |
| “At this time, overly emphasizing freedom of choice is not a good idea,” Dr. Tao said. “Look at America: They wanted to choose not to wear face masks. That seems like a kind of freedom, but then what happened?” |
| “我觉得这个时候，过分强调选择权不是一个好主意，”陶黎纳说。“你看美国，他们要选择不戴口罩，好像是一种自由，你说到最后怎么样？” |
| Governments and companies in other countries have also adopted what some see as coercive measures. The Italian prime minister recently issued a decree requiring vaccinations for health care workers. A waitress in New York City was fired for refusing vaccination. Many countries are considering issuing vaccine passports for entry into public facilities. |
| 其他国家的政府和企业也采取了一些在某些人看来是强制的措施。意大利总理最近颁布了一项法令，要求医护人员接种疫苗。纽约市一名餐馆服务员因拒绝接种疫苗而被解雇。许多国家正在考虑颁发进入公共设施的疫苗护照。 |
| Still, even China’s state-owned media has acknowledged that some local officials have been overzealous in their enforcement. |
| 尽管如此，就连中国的官方媒体也承认，一些地方官员在强行接种疫苗上做过头了。 |
| Xinhua, the state news agency, published an opinion piece last week denouncing “one-size-fits-all, simple and crude methods” that it said could engender even more public opposition. |
| 官方的新华社上周发表了一篇评论员文章，批评“一刀切、简单粗暴的做法”，称这可能会引发更多的公众反对。 |
| “These harmful developments are in reality the product of a small number of regions and companies that are anxious to complete their vaccination responsibilities,” it said. (The Wancheng government later apologized for its warning about children’s futures.) |
| “这些不良苗头，究其实，是由于少数地区和单位急于完成疫苗接种任务，或是考核指挥棒下的攀比心态作祟，”文章说。（万城镇政府后来为其有关子女前途的警告道了歉。） |
| It’s unclear how many of the promised restrictions are being enforced. Wu Kunzhou, a community worker in Haikou, the city where businesses were threatened with suspension, said he had marked a few businesses with red posters. “Company that does not meet vaccination standards,” the posters said. But there were no accompanying fines, and he said he could not force anyone to get vaccinated. |
| 目前还不清楚有多少政府威胁的限制措施得到了执行。在对企业做出“停业整顿”威胁的海口市，一名叫吴坤洲的社区工作者说，他已给几家企业贴上了红色的警告布告。布告上写的是：“接种不达标单位”，但并没有随之而来的罚款，而且他说，他不能强迫任何人接种疫苗。 |
| “The main thing is, there are orders from above,” Mr. Wu said. |
| “主要是上面也有要求，”吴先生说。 |
| Some residents have remained staunchly opposed to vaccination, despite the barrage of messaging. |
| 尽管接种动员接连不断，有些居民仍坚决反对接种新冠疫苗。 |
| Lu Xianyun, a 51-year-old construction industry employee in Guangzhou, cited a number of revelations in recent years of children in China being injected with faulty vaccines. “I don’t trust them,” he said of the vaccine manufacturers. |
| 51岁的陆显云是广州的一名建筑行业员工，他列举了近年来披露的几起儿童接种问题疫苗的事件。“我不信任他们，”他在谈到疫苗制造商时说。 |
| Local officials have also issued conflicting guidance on the safety of vaccination for pregnant women. Some have reassured women trying to conceive that they should sign up, while others have urged those women to delay pregnancy. |
| 当地官员对孕妇接种疫苗是否安全给出了相互矛盾的指导意见。一些官员向想怀孕的女性保证，她们应该报名接种，而另一些官员则敦促这些女性推迟怀孕。 |
| Dr. Tao said officials had not done enough to instill public confidence in the vaccines. He said that he could think of only one prominent official, Dr. Zhang Wenhong — often compared to China’s Dr. Anthony S. Fauci — who had been publicly vaccinated. It doesn’t help that Chinese vaccine companies have been slow to share clinical trial data. |
| 陶黎纳说，官员们在增强公众对新冠疫苗的信心方面做得还不够。他说，他能想到的只有一位知名官员公开接种了新冠疫苗，那就是经常被比作中国的安东尼·S·福奇(Anthony S. Fauci)博士的张文宏博士。中国疫苗制造商在公布临床试验数据方面行动迟缓，这也无助于增强民众的信心。 |
| “If our country wants to improve public enthusiasm,” Dr. Tao said, “it would be best to share videos of leaders, cadres and Communist Party members getting vaccinated.” |
| “我们国家如果想要进一步推进公众打疫苗的积极性，我觉得把领导、干部、党员们打疫苗的这样一个视频能够放出来，我觉得是更好，”陶黎纳说。 |
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