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| Scientists in Brazil have downgraded the efficacy of a Chinese coronavirus vaccine that they hailed as a major triumph last week, diminishing hopes for a shot that could be quickly produced and easily distributed to help the developing world. |
| 巴西科学家调低了上周被他们誉为重大胜利的一款中国新冠病毒疫苗的有效率，给人们对获得一款能够迅速生产并易于分发的疫苗，以帮助发展中国家的期盼，泼了一盆冷水。 |
| Officials at the Butantan Institute in São Paulo said on Tuesday that a trial conducted in Brazil showed that the CoronaVac vaccine, manufactured by the Beijing-based company Sinovac, had an efficacy rate just over 50 percent. That rate, slightly above the benchmark that the World Health Organization has said would make a vaccine effective for general use, was far below the 78 percent level announced last week. |
| 圣保罗布坦坦研究所(Instituto Butantan)的官员周二表示，在巴西进行的一项试验显示，北京科兴生物制造生产的CoronaVac疫苗的有效率刚刚超过50%。这略高于世界卫生组织规定的普通疫苗有效率的基准水平，但远低于上周宣布的78%。 |
| The implications could be significant for a vaccine that is crucial to China’s global health diplomacy. At least 10 countries have ordered more than 380 million doses of the Sinovac inoculation, CoronaVac, though regulatory agencies have yet to fully approve it. |
| 疫苗对于中国的全球卫生外交至关重要，这个结果的影响可能会非常大。尽管监管机构尚未完全批准，已经有至少10个国家订购了超过3.8亿剂科兴疫苗CoronaVac。 |
| A senior official in Hong Kong, a special administrative region of China that had already ordered CoronaVac, said on Wednesday that an advisory panel would strictly review the vaccine based on clinical trial data before it was rolled out there. |
| 已经订购了CoronaVac的中国香港特别行政区一位高级官员周三表示，在接种开展前，一个专家小组将根据临床试验数据对其进行严格审查。 |
| “Those countries that have ordered the Chinese-made vaccines are probably going to question the usefulness of these vaccines,” said Yanzhong Huang, a senior fellow for global health at the Council on Foreign Relations and an expert on health care in China. |
| 美国外交关系协会全球卫生高级研究员、中国卫生保健问题专家黄严忠说：“订购了中国生产的疫苗的那些国家可能会质疑这些疫苗的实用性。” |
| “Countries with opposition parties might use this to challenge the decision made by the incumbent government, and that will likely have domestic political implications in these countries,” Mr. Huang said. |
| “有反对党的国家可能会以此来挑战现任政府的决定，这可能会对这些国家的国内政治产生影响，”黄严忠说道。 |
| Sinovac did not respond to multiple requests for comment. |
| 科兴没有回应多次置评请求。 |
| For months, Chinese officials had said that the vaccines made by Sinovac and Sinopharm, a state-owned vaccine maker, would be important tools for fighting the pandemic in poorer countries that do not have extensive health care infrastructures. Unlike the vaccines made by the American drugmakers Pfizer and Moderna, they do not need to be frozen. |
| 几个月来，中国官员曾表示由科兴和国有疫苗生产商国药控股生产的疫苗，将在没有广泛医疗基础设施的较贫穷国家成为抗击疫情的重要工具。与美国制药商辉瑞(Pfizer)和Moderna生产的疫苗不同，它们不需要冷冻。 |
| The Oxford-AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson vaccines, which can be refrigerated and are more effective than their Chinese counterparts, could provide an alternative. But it is now unclear if the governments that have bought CoronaVac can scrap their deals and turn to others. |
| 可冷藏并且比中国同类产品更有效的牛津-阿斯利康(Oxford-AstraZeneca)和强生(Johnson & Johnson)疫苗，也许能提供替代方案。但是现在尚不清楚购买了CoronaVac的政府是否可以取消交易并转为采用其他疫苗。 |
| CoronaVac, unlike some of the other vaccines, relies on older technology that uses chemicals to weaken or kill the virus, which is then put into a vaccine to spark antibodies in the recipient. But the process of killing the virus can weaken a vaccine’s potency, resulting in an immune response that could be shorter or less effective. |
| 与其他疫苗不同的是，CoronaVac采用的是比较旧的技术，该技术使用化学物质来减弱或杀死病毒，然后将其放入疫苗，以在接种者体内激发抗体。但是杀死病毒的过程会削弱疫苗的效力，导致免疫反应的时间缩短或降低。 |
| The lower efficacy announced Tuesday would mean it would take longer for countries that use CoronaVac’s vaccine to reach “herd immunity,” the point at which enough people are resistant to the virus — roughly 70 percent, many scientists have said — that it is vanquished in a population. By contrast, the vaccines made by Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech have been shown to have an efficacy rate of about 95 percent. |
| 周二宣布的较低有效率意味着，使用CoronaVac疫苗的国家需要更长的时间才能达到“群体免疫”，即有足够多的人对该病毒产生抵抗力（许多科学家表示大约需要人口的70%），才能彻底击败病毒。相比之下，由Moderna和辉瑞-BioNTech生产的疫苗被证明有大约95％的有效率。 |
| “This was one of the reasons the Americans and Europeans didn’t go with this older technology,” said John Moore, a vaccine expert at Cornell University. “A well-maintained Ford Model T would probably get you from Wuhan to Beijing, but personally I would prefer a Tesla.” |
| “这是美国人和欧洲人没有采用这种较老技术的原因之一。”康奈尔大学疫苗专家约翰·摩尔(John Moore)说。“一辆维护得不错的福特老爷车也许能从武汉开到北京，但我个人会选择特斯拉。” |
| Brazil’s health regulatory agency, Anvisa, is reviewing data from the trial, which relied on volunteers who are health care professionals. If Anvisa approves emergency use of CoronaVac, officials hope to start giving out shots in Brazil late this month. It has roughly 10.8 million doses of CoronaVac on hand. Last week, Brazil’s health minister, Eduardo Pazuello, said the government intended to purchase 100 million doses of CoronaVac. |
| 巴西的卫生监管机构Anvisa正在审查试验数据，该试验依靠的志愿者是卫生保健专业人员。如果Anvisa批准紧急使用CoronaVac，官员们希望本月底开始在巴西进行接种。它手上大约有1080万剂CoronaVac。巴西卫生部长爱德华多·帕祖洛(Eduardo Pazuello)上周表示，巴西政府打算购买1亿剂CoronaVac。 |
| Natalia Pasternak, a microbiologist and the president of Instituto Questão de Ciência, a Brazilian nongovernmental organization, told reporters on Tuesday that the results of the trial meant it would not be a panacea. |
| 巴西非政府组织科学问题研究所(Instituto Questão de Ciência)所长、微生物学家纳塔利娅·帕斯特纳克(Natalia Pasternak)周二对记者说，试验结果意味着它不会是万灵药。 |
| “It is not the best vaccine in the world,” she said at the news conference during which the efficacy rate was disclosed. But she called it a “perfectly acceptable vaccine” that would lead to fewer patients developing serious cases or dying from the virus. |
| 她在宣布疫苗有效率的新闻发布会上说：“这不是世界上最好的疫苗。”但是她称其为“完全可以接受的疫苗”，它将使更少的患者发展为重症病例或死于病毒。 |
| Dimas Covas, the director of Butantan Institute, called the vaccine an “excellent” tool “waiting to be used in a country where currently 1,000 people are dying per day.” |
| 布坦坦研究所所长迪马斯·科瓦斯(Dimas Covas)称，该疫苗是一个“在一个目前每天死亡1000人的国家整装待发”的“出色”工具。 |
| Many of the countries that have ordered CoronaVac are relatively poor, desperate to halt the pandemic and protect their populations. |
| 许多已订购CoronaVac的都是相对贫穷的国家，它们迫切希望遏制疫情，保护本国民众。 |
| Indonesia, for example, has ordered 125.5 million CoronaVac doses. The country has reported nearly 850,000 coronavirus cases and nearly 25,000 deaths, the highest numbers in Southeast Asia. |
| 例如，印度尼西亚订购了1.255亿剂CoronaVac。该国报告了近85万例新冠病例和近2.5万例死亡，是东南亚最高的数字。 |
| On Wednesday morning, its president, Joko Widodo, was injected with CoronaVac on live television, kicking off a national vaccination program. “Covid vaccination is important for us to break the chain of transmission of this coronavirus and provide health protection for all of us,” Mr. Joko said after getting his shot. |
| 周三上午，该国总统佐科·维多多(Joko Widodo)在电视直播中注射CoronaVac，启动了全国疫苗接种计划。“新冠疫苗对我们来说很重要，可以打破这种冠状病毒的传播链，为我们所有人提供健康保护，”佐科在接受注射后表示。 |
| Sulfikar Amir, an Indonesian associate professor of disaster sociology at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore, said the latest results from Brazil were a cause for concern. |
| 新加坡南洋理工大学(Nanyang Technological University)灾难社会学的印尼裔副教授苏菲卡尔·阿米尔(Sulfikar Amir)说，来自巴西的最新结果令人担忧。 |
| “Why doesn’t Indonesia wait for a better vaccine?” he asked. “My impression is that this is rushed and forced.” |
| “印尼为什么不等待更好的疫苗？”他问道。“我感觉这是仓促和被迫的。” |
| In the short term, some countries may have few viable options. Governments, many of them in richer nations, have already locked in more than half the doses that could come onto the market by the end of next year. |
| 在短期内，一些国家可能没有太多可行的选择。各国政府（其中许多是较富裕的国家）已提前订购了明年年底可进入市场的疫苗数量的一半以上。 |
| To its comparative advantage, Sinovac has immense manufacturing capacity. The company has said it can make 600 million doses this year. |
| 中国科兴拥有巨大的制造能力，这是它的比较优势。该公司表示，今年可以生产6亿剂疫苗。 |
| In China, the weaker efficacy data from Brazil could be a setback for the country’s biotech ambitions. It had pinned its hopes on making a Covid-19 vaccine that would burnish its credentials as a global scientific power. |
| 来自巴西的较弱有效数据，可能会阻碍中国的生物技术雄心。它把希望寄托在研制出一种新冠病毒疫苗上，以便提升中国作为全球科技强国的声誉。 |
| The tepid results could also be problematic for Chinese officials, given that they had touted the efficacy of the vaccines made by Sinovac and Sinopharm. Even though the vaccines had not received regulatory approval, and data from late-stage trials had not been made public, Beijing gave them to thousands of Chinese people under an emergency use policy; it plans to vaccinate 50 million people by the middle of next month. |
| 中国官员曾经吹嘘中国科兴和国药控股所产疫苗的功效，这样不温不火的结果对他们来说可能也会是问题。尽管这些疫苗还没有获得监管部门的批准，后期试验的数据也没有公布，但北京还是根据紧急使用政策，为成千上万的中国人接种了这种疫苗；该国计划在下月中旬之前为5000万人接种疫苗。 |
| State media in China played down the news from Brazil. Global Times, a state-owned nationalist tabloid, ran a headline that said the Sinovac vaccine was “100 percent effective in preventing severe cases, could reduce hospitalizations by 80 percent.” |
| 中国官方媒体淡化了来自巴西的消息。官方民族主义小报《环球时报》的一篇文章称，科兴疫苗“对重症保护效力达100%，可减少近80%感染就医”。 |
| The new data could heighten skepticism among people around the world who are already wary of Chinese-made vaccines, given that the country has a history of vaccine quality scandals. A study from the Chinese University of Hong Kong found that just 37.2 percent of respondents in Hong Kong were willing to be vaccinated. |
| 考虑到中国有过疫苗质量丑闻的历史，这些新数据可能会加剧世界各地本已对中国疫苗持谨慎态度者的怀疑。香港中文大学的一项研究发现，香港只有37.2%的受访者愿意接种疫苗。 |
| Scientists had already raised questions about the piecemeal way in which efficacy data about the Chinese vaccines had been released. Indonesia said on Monday that its interim analysis found CoronaVac to have an efficacy rate of 65.3 percent. Last month, Turkey said it had an efficacy rate of 91.25 percent, but that was based on preliminary results from a small clinical trial. |
| 科学家们已经对中国疫苗功效数据的零散公布方式提出了质疑。印尼于周一表示，中期分析发现CoronaVac的有效率为65.3%。上个月，土耳其称其有效率为91.25%，但这是基于一项小型临床试验的初步结果。 |
| The vaccine had long taken on a political dimension in Brazil. President Jair Bolsonaro had spoken derisively about CoronaVac, fueling an growing anti-vaccination movement in the country, where more than 200,000 people have died from Covid-19. The vaccine had been championed by São Paulo’s governor, João Doria, who is widely expected to run for president in 2022 and is among Mr. Bolsonaro’s most vocal critics. |
| 在巴西，疫苗长期以来一直具有政治意义。总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗(Jair Bolsonaro)曾对CoronaVac发表嘲讽言论，助长了该国日益壮大的反疫苗接种运动，该国已有20多万人死于新冠病毒。然而该疫苗得到了圣保罗州长若昂·多利亚(Joao Doria)的支持。外界普遍预计，多利亚将在2022年竞选总统，他是博尔索纳罗最直言不讳的批评者之一。 |
| In Brazil, officials say the higher efficacy rate previously announced for CoronaVac pertained to the protection it offered against developing Covid-19 symptoms significant enough to require treatment. While officials had asserted last week that the vaccine provided absolute protection against moderate to severe symptoms, they had not disclosed another group who had “very mild” infections despite having been vaccinated. |
| 在巴西，官员们表示，先前宣布的CoronaVac较高的疗效与它对防止需治疗的新冠症状所提供的保护有关。尽管官员们上周宣称，该疫苗对中度至重度症状有绝对的保护作用，但他们没有披露另一组人在接种疫苗后产生了“非常轻微”的感染。 |
| Denise Garrett, a Brazilian-American epidemiologist and vaccine expert, said there was no reason to doubt CoronaVac’s safety, adding that the data presented so far suggested it would provide a satisfactory level of protection. But Dr. Garrett said the vague and sometimes misleading manner in which information about the vaccine had been made public could shake people’s confidence in its reliability and fuel the political battle over the vaccine. |
| 巴西裔美国流行病学家和疫苗专家丹尼斯·加勒特(Denise Garrett)表示，没有理由怀疑CoronaVac的安全性，并称迄今提供的数据表明，它将提供令人满意的保护水平。但加勒特说，将疫苗信息以含糊不清、有时具有误导性的方式公开，可能会动摇人们对其可靠性的信心，并加剧有关疫苗的政治斗争。 |
| “The lack of transparency really damages people’s trust,” she said. “They’ve just reinforced the narrative that this vaccine is not good.” |
| “缺乏透明度真的会损害人们的信任，”她说。“令他们更加确信这种疫苗不好的说法。” |
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