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| MELBOURNE, Australia — For the past six months, Virendrasinh Bhosale, a seafarer from India, has been trapped on a hunk of metal floating off China’s eastern coast. | 澳大利亚墨尔本——过去六个月里，来自印度的船员维伦德拉辛·波萨尔(Virendrasinh Bhosale)被困在中国东部沿海漂浮的一大块金属上。 |
| He is desperate to see his 5-year-old son. “Every night I dream about him and I wake up crying in bed,” he says. | 他渴望见到自己五岁的儿子。“我每晚都梦见他，醒来就在床上哭，”他说。 |
| Mr. Bhosale is one of 23 crew members stuck aboard a cargo ship, the Jag Anand, off the port of Jingtang in Hebei Province since June. The ship is carrying about 160,000 tons of Australian coal but has not been granted clearance to unload its cargo. | 波萨尔是被困在货船贾格·阿南德号(Jag Anand)上的23名船员之一，这艘船自6月以来就停在河北省京唐港附近。船上载有大约16万吨澳大利亚煤炭，但一直没获得卸货许可。 |
| Crews on an estimated 70 ships loaded with seven million to 10 million tons of Australian coal have not been allowed to disembark in China, according to commercial tracking data. China has cited various factors like the coronavirus and environmental issues. But Beijing has effectively banned Australian coal as tensions between the two countries intensify. | 商业跟踪数据显示，估计有70艘装载700万至1000万吨澳大利亚煤炭的船只上的船员未被允许在中国上岸。中国给出了新冠病毒和环境问题等各种理由。但随着中澳之间紧张局势的加剧，北京实际上已经禁止澳大利亚煤炭的进口。 |
| Now, the crewmen appear to be caught in the middle of a geopolitical feud with hundreds of millions of dollars of paid-for coal hanging in the balance. | 现在，船员们似乎陷入了地缘政治争端之中，价值数亿美元的已付款煤炭不知何去何从。 |
| Untangling who, or what company, is responsible for giving the vessels the green light to leave is difficult. But in the meantime, an estimated 1,400 seafarers are believed to be stranded, according to Australia’s maritime union, and the crews’ health is apparently deteriorating. | 要弄清是谁或哪个公司负责给这些船只放行是很难的。而与此同时，据澳大利亚海事联合会称，估计约有1400名船员被困，他们的健康状况显然在恶化。 |
| “Most of the guys, they don’t come out from their cabins and they are thinking about the worst case possible,” said Gaurav Singh, the navigating officer of the Anastasia, another ship languishing at a Chinese port, Caofeidian, about 31 miles southwest of the Jag Anand. | “大多数人都在舱室里不出来，他们在考虑最坏的情况，”阿纳斯塔西娅号(Anastasia)的导航员加拉夫·辛格(Gaurav Singh)说，这艘船滞留在中国的曹妃甸港，在贾格·阿南德号西南方约31英里的位置。 |
| Eighteen crew members are on board, said Mr. Singh, who like Mr. Bhosale spoke to The New York Times via WhatsApp, a messaging service. “One of the guys tried to commit suicide,” he said, adding: “It’s terrifying. We all are scared.” | 辛格表示，有18名船员还在船上，他和波萨尔一样通过通讯服务WhatsApp接受了《纽约时报》(The New York Times)的采访。“有个人试图自杀，”他说，并补充道：“真的很可怕。我们都很害怕。” |
| Last year, according to government statistics, Australia exported nearly $10.4 billion worth of coal to China. Though that coal helps fuel China’s voracious economic needs, deteriorating political ties have choked off one conduit. | 据政府统计，去年澳大利亚向中国出口了价值近104亿美元的煤炭。尽管煤炭有助于满足中国巨大的经济需求，但不断恶化的政治关系阻断了一条进口渠道。 |
| In April, Australia called for an investigation into the origins of the coronavirus. A furious China followed over several months with informal bans on a host of Australian goods, including barley, wine and timber. In June, ships hauling Australian coal across the ocean began to be stranded at several Chinese ports, according to analysis from Bloomberg. | 4月，澳大利亚呼吁对新冠病毒的起源进行调查。愤怒的中国在随后几个月时间里非正式地禁止了大量澳大利亚商品的进口，包括大麦、葡萄酒和木材。彭博社(Bloomberg)的分析显示，6月，穿越大洋运送澳大利亚煤炭的船只开始被困于多个中国港口。 |
| When asked at a news conference about the Jag Anand in November, the Chinese Foreign Ministry denied that it was barring the ship from leaving its waters, saying without elaborating that the vessel had not left because of commercial interests. When asked about the delay in processing the rest of the ships, a ministry spokesman, Zhao Lijian, spoke of concerns over “environmental protection standards.” | 11月，当在新闻发布会上被问及贾格·阿南德号的情况时，中国外交部否认禁止该船离开其水域的说法，称该船未能离开的原因是出于商业利益，但没有进行详细说明。当被问及其他货船的处理延迟问题时，外交部发言人赵立坚谈到了对“环保不合格”的担忧。 |
| The Chinese government has also cited coronavirus concerns in banning foreign ships from performing crew changes at the country’s ports since April. So the pleas of the Jag Anand and the Anastasia to be allowed to conduct such changes have gone nowhere. | 自4月以来，中国政府还以担忧新冠病毒为由，禁止外国货船在国内港口更换船员。因此，贾格·阿南德号和阿纳斯塔西娅号对允许进行这种更换的请求没有得到回应。 |
| “Whether that’s a genuine concern or whether it’s something used by China as a pretext for not doing more is another question,” said Tim Stephens, a maritime law expert at the University of Sydney. | “这是真正的担忧，还是中国不采取更多行动的借口，这是另一个问题，”悉尼大学(University of Sydney)的海事法规专家蒂姆·斯蒂芬斯(Tim Stephens)表示。 |
| As for Australia, the country’s resources minister, Keith Pitt, told The Sydney Morning Herald newspaper last month that the dispute was mainly “a matter for the companies involved.” This month, the trade minister at the time, Simon Birmingham, told Sky News that his department was making “representations” to its Chinese counterparts but noted that the Australian exporters had already been paid, meaning the transaction “has predominantly already taken place, from an Australian perspective.” | 至于澳大利亚的态度，该国资源部长凯斯·皮特(Keith Pitt)上个月在接受《悉尼先驱晨报》(Sydney Morning Herald)采访时表示，此争端“主要与参与企业相关”。本月，时任贸易大臣西蒙‧伯明翰(Simon Birmingham)告诉天空新闻台(Sky News)，他的部门向中国同行提出了“交涉”，但指出澳大利亚的出口商已经收到付款，“从澳大利亚的角度看，”这意味着交易“已经基本完成”。 |
| The stranded vessels fly international flags but are caught in a web of multinational companies, contractors and subcontractors — a tangle of competing interests that complicates the situation. | 这些受困货船悬挂着国际旗帜，但被卷入了跨国企业、承包商和分包商所组成的关系网——其中错综复杂的利益冲突使情况变得更加复杂。 |
| The Jag Anand is owned by an Indian company, Great Eastern Shipping. While Great Eastern Shipping employed the crew, it says it cannot unilaterally let the ship leave because the vessel had been chartered out to another company, Cargill, which is based in Minneapolis. It, in turn, had sub-chartered the Jag Anand out to another company. | 贾格·阿南德号由印度的大东方航运公司(Great Eastern Shipping)所有。尽管大东方航运公司雇用了这些船员，但表示不能单方面给这艘船放行，因为它已经租给了位于明尼阿波利斯的嘉吉公司(Cargill)。接着，嘉吉公司又将贾格·阿南德号转租给了另一家公司。 |
| On the other end of the chain are the buyers for the Australian coal on the Jag Anand: the Chinese company Tangshan Baichi Trading. It bought the cargo from an Australian supplier, Anglo American. When contacted, Great Eastern Shipping and Cargill said the buyer was ultimately responsible for deciding if the Jag Anand could move away from the Jingtang port. | 链条的另一端，则是贾格·阿南德号上澳大利亚煤炭的买家：中国的唐山百驰商贸有限公司。它从澳大利亚供应商英美资源集团(Anglo American)购买了这批货物。大东方航运公司和嘉吉公司在被记者联系时表示，应由买方最终决定贾格·阿南德号可否离开京唐港。 |
| “It’s local law that you have to get approval from the port authority to leave, and one of the conditions of that is that you need approval from the receiver,” said Jan Dieleman, president of Cargill’s ocean transport business. He noted that the receiver could have sold the cargo to others, further complicating the approval process. | 嘉吉远洋运输业务总裁扬·迪勒曼(Jan Dieleman)表示：“当地法律规定，你必须获得港口当局的批准才能离开，其中一个条件是需要获得接收方的批准。”他指出，收货人还可以将货物卖给其他人，这使审批过程变得更加复杂。 |
| Phone calls over two days to contact Tangshan Baichi Trading went unanswered. | 唐山百驰商贸的电话连续两天无人接听。 |
| The Anastasia is in a similar situation. It flies the Panamanian flag but is owned by Mediterranean Shipping from Switzerland, which chartered out the ship to Jiangsu Steamship, a Chinese company, officials said. The intended receiver of its coal is E-Commodities Holding, incorporated in the British Virgin Islands and listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. | 阿纳斯塔西娅的情况与此类似。官员说，该船悬挂着巴拿马国旗，但归瑞士地中海航运公司(Mediterranean Shipping)所有，后者将船只出租给中国公司江苏汽船。其煤炭的预定接收方是在英属维尔京群岛注册并在香港证券交易所上市的易大宗控股有限公司(E-Commodities Holding)。 |
| Each company in the chain said it communicated only with one or two other parties it directly dealt with, and they often said they were unclear about the names of others involved. It’s a deliberately convoluted system, according to Dean Summers of the Maritime Union of Australia. | 相关的每家公司都表示，仅与一两个直接打交道的当事方进行了沟通，而且他们经常说他们不清楚其他有关公司的名字。根据澳大利亚海事联合会(Maritime Union of Australia)的迪恩·萨默斯(Dean Summers)的说法，这是一个刻意被弄得如此错综复杂的系统。 |
| “Everyone points to the person next to them, and no one takes responsibility,” he said. | 他说：“每个人都指着旁边的人，没有人承担责任。” |
| A week ago, when China’s state-owned Global Times reported that China’s National Development and Reform Commission had given approval for 10 major power enterprises to import coal “without clearance restrictions, except for Australia,” many in Australia interpreted it as formalizing China’s unofficial ban. (The Global Times article has since been deleted from its website.) | 一周前，中国官方媒体《环球时报》报道中国发改委已批准10家主要电力企业进口煤炭可以“无需通关限制，除澳大利亚外”，澳大利亚的许多人将其看作是中国正式宣布了非正式禁令。（此后，《环球时报》的文章从其网站上被删除。） |
| For the Jag Anand, it was the “biggest positive,” said a spokeswoman from Great Eastern Shipping, because the mystery of whether the coal can be unloaded in China at all had apparently been solved. Now, she said, the receiver is looking for a new buyer in another country. If that happens, the crew will be able to disembark at another port. | 大东方航运公司的一位发言人说，对于贾格·阿南德来说，这是“最大的确定因素”，因为关于煤炭能否在中国卸载的问题显然已经得到了答案。她说，现在，接收方正在另一个国家寻找新的买家。如果找到了，船员就能在另一个港口下船。 |
| But to others, the situation is less clear-cut. | 但是对其他人来说，情况就不那么明了了。 |
| Kevin He, the captain of Jiangsu Steamship, the charterer of the Anastasia, said he had not been aware that China banned Australian coal because he had not received any official notification. Mediterranean Shipping, the owner of the Anastasia, also said it had not been aware of any moves to find new buyers for the coal on the ship. | 阿纳斯塔西娅的承租人江苏汽船的船长凯文·何（Kevin He，音）表示，他没有意识到中国禁止了澳大利亚煤炭，因为他没有收到任何官方通知。阿纳斯塔西娅的船东地中海航运公司也表示，它尚未听说任何为船上煤炭寻找新买家的举动。 |
| The men on the ships say they are losing hope. On the Jag Anand, Mr. Bhosale said, some have chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension and their medications have run out. Others have injuries that have been untreated for months. One crew member’s father recently died, and he was unable to attend the funeral. The man’s mother is sick with cancer, Mr. Bhosale said, adding, “We’re all depressed; our mental health is deteriorating.” | 船上的人说他们正在失去希望。鲍萨尔说，在贾格·阿南德，有些人患有糖尿病和高血压等慢性病，他们的药物已经用完。还有人受伤几个月未能得到治疗。一位船员的父亲最近去世了，他无法参加葬礼。鲍萨尔说，这名男子的母亲也患了癌症，他还说：“我们都很沮丧；我们的心理健康状况越来越糟。” |
| A Twitter account documenting the plight of the Anastasia and the Jag Anand has sprung up. Relatives of the men have started a petition to bring them home. But the days stretch out in front of them with no end in sight, and their ships have become de facto prisons. | 一个记录阿纳斯塔西娅和贾格·阿南德困境的Twitter帐户突然出现了。船员们的亲戚开始请愿，要将他们带回家。但是滞留的时间越来越长，似乎遥遥无期，他们的船只成了事实上的监狱。 |
| “We just want to go home,” said Mr. Singh, the Anastasia’s navigating officer. “We haven’t made any mistakes; we have not committed any crimes. We are getting punishment for things we have not done. Why should we suffer for the diplomatic war between two countries?” | “我们只想回家，”阿纳斯塔西娅的航行员辛格说。“我们没有犯任何错误；我们没有犯罪。我们受到惩罚，但我们是无辜的。我们为什么要为两国之间的外交战争受苦？” |
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