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| The members of the Electoral College will gather in their respective states on Monday to cast their official ballots for president. Ordinarily, the process is little more than a formal duty to rubber-stamp the results of the November election. | 周一，选举人团成员将在各自的州聚集，为选举总统正式投票。通常情况下，这不过是为11月大选结果盖上橡皮图章的正式手续。 |
| Not this year. | 但今年的情况不同。 |
| For weeks, President Trump and his allies have pressured Republican officials to ignore the popular vote in close-fought states won by President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. and appoint their own electors who would favor Mr. Trump. They have also asked courts to hand victory to the president in states he lost. | 数周来，特朗普总统及其盟友都在向共和党官员施压，要他们无视候任总统小约瑟夫·R·拜登(Joseph R. Biden Jr.)拿下的摇摆州的普选结果，并在其州内指派支持特朗普的选举人。在总统失利的州，他们还要求法院将胜利判给他。 |
| But judges and Republican state lawmakers have shown little appetite for subverting the democratic process, and the electors have remained. As they vote on Monday, Mr. Trump is essentially guaranteed to end the day as he began it: a one-term president. | 但法官和共和党州议员们对颠覆这一民主过程并无太大兴趣，选举人团原封不动。在他们周一投票时，基本可以保证，特朗普这一天怎么开始的，就将怎么结束：他还是只有一个任期的总统。 |
| Here’s more on how the voting will work, and on the next steps in the process: | 以下是更多关于投票如何进行，以及流程中下一步的信息。 |
| Can I watch the Electoral College vote? | 我能观看选举人团投票吗？ |
| Yes — most states offer livestreams to watch the proceedings, including crucial battlegrounds won by Mr. Biden. Here are links for four of them: Michigan, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania and Georgia. | 可以——大部分州都会提供选举过程的直播，包括拜登赢下的关键摇摆州。以下是其中四个州的直播链接：密歇根州、威斯康辛州、宾夕法尼亚州和佐治亚州。 |
| The electors don’t meet in one place or at one time; some start at 10 a.m. Eastern, and most vote in the afternoon. California, the crucial state for Mr. Biden to achieve 270 Electoral College votes, meets at 5 p.m. Eastern. | 选举人不会在同一地点或时间碰面；有些人会在东部时间早上10点开始投票，大部分将在下午投票。对拜登拿下270张选举人团票至关重要的加利福尼亚州将在东部时间下午5点召集投票。 |
| Electors for each state and the District of Columbia meet at a location chosen by the state legislature, most often the state’s capitol. The Delaware electors are meeting in a gym. Nevada is the only state holding its meeting virtually this year. | 各州及哥伦比亚特区的选举人将在州议会选定的地点碰头，通常是州议会大厦。特拉华州的选举人正在一处体育馆碰头。内华达州是唯一一个在线上会面的州。 |
| How does the Electoral College voting work? | 选举人团投票是如何进行的？ |
| The electors cast their ballots for president and vice president via paper ballot. Thirty-three states and the District of Columbia legally require their electors to choose whoever won the state’s popular vote, so there should be no surprises there. The other 17 states don’t “bind” their electors, meaning they can vote for whomever they choose. | 选举人将通过纸质选票选举总统和副总统。33个州及哥伦比亚特区在法律上要求选举人选择赢得该州普选的人，所以这些地方应该不会出什么意外结果。另外17个州不约束选举人投票，这意味着他们可以投给自己选择的人。 |
| The electors were chosen by state parties (if Mr. Biden won a state, for example, the Democrats’ slate of electors casts the votes). Typically, electors are political activists, officials, donors and people with close relationships to the candidates — meaning they are very likely to vote for the candidate they pledged to support. In 2016, seven electors lodged protest votes for someone other than their party’s candidate. But the likelihood of “faithless electors” switching sides and handing the election to Mr. Trump is essentially zero. | 选举人是由各州政党选出的（例如拜登如果赢得了某州，就由该州的民主党选举人投票）。选举人通常都是政治活动人士、官员、捐赠者以及与候选人关系密切的人——这意味着他们很可能投票给他们承诺支持的候选人。2016年，有七位选举人给其党派候选人以外的人投出了抗议性选票。但“失信选举人”改变立场，将大选胜利交给特朗普的可能性基本为零。 |
| After the electors cast their ballots, the votes are counted and the electors sign certificates showing the results. These are paired with certificates from the governor’s office showing the state’s vote totals. The certificates are sent to Vice President Mike Pence, in his capacity as president of the Senate; the Office of the Federal Register; the secretary of state of the respective state; and the chief judge of the Federal District Court where the electors meet. | 选举人投票后，将进行点票，选举人要签署证明结果的证书。这些证书将与州长办公室提供的公示该州投票总数的证书相配。这些证书将被寄给担任参议院议长的副总统迈克·彭斯(Mike Pence)、联邦纪事办公室(Office of the Federal Register)、各州州务卿，以及选举人会面地点所在的联邦地方法院的首席法官。 |
| What happens next? | 接下来会发生什么？ |
| Congress officially counts the votes in a joint session held in the House chamber on Jan. 6, with Mr. Pence presiding. Mr. Pence opens the certificates — in alphabetical order by state — and presents them to four “tellers,” two from the House and two from the Senate, who count the votes. When Mr. Biden reaches a majority with 270 votes, Mr. Pence announces the result. | 国会将于1月6日在众议院举行联席会议，正式清点选票，彭斯将主持会议。彭斯将按照州名的字母顺序打开证书，将它们交给四位“唱票人”——两位来自众议院，两位来自参议院——由他们来点票。当拜登拿到270票的多数优势后，彭斯就会宣布结果。 |
| The proceeding is strictly prescribed by federal law, down to where various politicians sit in the chamber. (Mr. Pence gets the speaker’s chair, Speaker Nancy Pelosi sits to his left, and the “tellers” sit at the clerks’ desks.) | 联邦法律对这一程序有严格的规定，甚至包括各路政客的议席座位安排。（彭斯要坐在议长位置，众议院议长南希·佩洛西[Nancy Pelosi]坐在他的左边，“唱票人”则坐在书记员办公桌前。） |
| The session cannot be ended until the count is complete and the result publicly declared. At this point, the election is officially decided. The only remaining task is the inauguration on Jan. 20. | 在计票完成、公开结果之前，会议都不能结束。那是正式确定大选结果的时候。剩下的唯一任务就是1月20日的就职典礼。 |
| Which Congress runs the process? | 哪届国会将负责这一程序？ |
| Since the new members will be sworn in on Jan. 3, the next Congress will conduct this joint session. Democrats will hold control of the House. And Republicans will control the Senate, regardless of the results of the Georgia runoff elections on Jan. 5, because Mr. Pence will still be in office to act as the tiebreaking vote if the chamber is split 50 to 50. | 由于新成员将于1月3日宣誓就职，下届国会将负责举办这场联席会议。民主党将控制众议院。不管1月5日佐治亚州的决选结果如何，共和党人都将控制参议院，因为参议院如果出现50对50的平局，仍然在职的彭斯将拥有决定性投票权。 |
| Can members of Congress block the results? | 国会成员能否决大选结果吗？ |
| There is no debate permitted during the counting of the electoral votes. But after the result is read, members of Congress get one opportunity to lodge their concerns. | 选举人票计票过程不允许进行辩论。但在结果公布后，国会成员可以得到一次提问的机会，表达自己的关切。 |
| Any objection to a state’s results must be made in writing and be signed by at least one senator and one member of the House. The two chambers would then separate to debate the objection. Each member of Congress can speak only once — for five minutes — and after two hours the debate is cut off. Each body then votes on whether to reject the state’s results. | 对州选举结果的任何异议必须以书面形式提出，并由至少一名参议员和一名众议员签署。然后，两院将对异议分别进行辩论。每位国会成员只能进行一次时长五分钟的发言，两小时后辩论就会终止。随后，两院将投票决定是否否决该州的选举结果。 |
| Since the Electoral Count Act was passed in 1887, there have been just two instances of congressional objections, in 1969 and 2005. Neither passed either the House or the Senate. | 自1887年通过《选举人票统计法》以来，国会只在1969年和2005年提出过两次异议。两次都没能在众议院或参议院获得通过。 |
| What’s the likelihood of Congress changing the outcome? | 国会改变结果的可能性有多大？ |
| Stopping Mr. Biden from assuming office remains a long-shot strategy for Republicans. | 对共和党人来说，阻止拜登上台仍是一个不太可能实现的策略。 |
| For an objection to stand, it must pass both houses of Congress by a simple majority. If the vote followed party lines, Republicans could not block Mr. Biden’s victory. | 异议必须在国会两院以简单多数通过才能成立。如果投票与党派倾向一致，共和党人就无法阻止拜登的胜利。 |
| Democrats control the House, so an objection would already be doomed there. In the Senate, Democrats would need to pick off only a couple of Republicans to side with them to vote down the objection. A number of Republican senators have declared Mr. Biden the president-elect. | 民主党控制着众议院，因此异议在那里是注定要失败的。在参议院，民主党人只需找出两名共和党人站在他们一边，就可以否决异议。许多共和党参议员已经宣布拜登是候任总统。 |
| With some Trump allies already planning objections, the congressional session is likely to make for good political theater. But the process has little chance of changing the outcome of the election. | 由于特朗普的一些盟友已经在策划异议，这次国会会议可能会成为一场有意思的政治秀。但这个过程基本不可能改变本次大选的结果。 |
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