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战争与和平　
War and Peace

英文中文双语对照双语交替

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CHAPTER I

第一章

IN THE HIGHER CIRCLES in Petersburg the intricate conflict between the parties of Rumyantsev, of the French, of Marya Fyodorovna, of the Tsarevitch, and the rest was going on all this time with more heat than ever, drowned, as always, by the buzzing of the court drones. But the easy, luxurious life of Petersburg, troubled only about phantasms, the reflection of life, went on its old way; and the course of that life made it a difficult task to believe in the danger and the difficult position of the Russian people. There were the same levees and balls, the same French theatre, the same court interests, the same interests and intrigues in the government service. It was only in the very highest circles that efforts were made to recollect the difficulty of the real position. There was whispered gossip of how the two Empresses had acted in opposition to one another in these difficult circumstances. The Empress Marya Fyodorovna, anxious for the welfare of the benevolent and educational institutions under her patronage, had arrangements made for the removal of all the institutes to Kazan, and all the belongings of these establishments were already packed. The Empress Elizaveta Alexyevna on being asked what commands she was graciously pleased to give, had been pleased to reply that in regard to state matters she could give no commands, since that was all in the Tsar's hands; as far as she personally was concerned, she had graciously declared, with her characteristic Russian patriotism, that she would be the last to leave Petersburg.

在彼得堡的上层社会各界，鲁缅采夫派、亲法派、玛丽亚·费奥多罗夫娜派、皇太子派与其他各派，正在开展空前激烈的错综复杂的斗争，同平常一样，宫廷帮闲们的鼓噪淹没了各派人士的纷争。但是安定的、奢侈的、只操心现实中的一些幻影的彼得堡生活，还是老样子，透过这种生活方式，要费很大的劲才能意识到俄国老百姓处境的危险和困难。皇帝出朝、跳舞晚会、法国戏院仍旧像从前一样，人们对宫廷的关注、谋求职位和勾心斗角的现象还是和从前一样。惟有上层社会人士才竭力地使百姓记起目前的困难形势。老百姓窃窃私议，时局是这样困难，而两位皇后①各行其是，相互作梗。玛丽亚·费奥多罗夫娜皇后只关心她掌管的慈善教育机关的安全，作出将这些机关全部疏散到喀桑的部署。这些机关的物体都已包扎停当。而伊丽莎白·阿列克谢耶夫娜皇后在人们向她请示命令的时候，她用她所固有的俄罗斯爱国精神回答说，她不能给国家机关发布命令，因为这是陛下的国务，至于由她个人决定的私惠，她表示她将是这最后撤离彼得堡的人。

On the 26th of August, the very day of the battle of Borodino, there was a soirée at Anna Pavlovna's, the chief attraction of which was to be the reading of the Metropolitan's letter, written on the occasion of his sending to the Tsar the holy picture of Saint Sergey. This letter was looked upon as a model of patriotic ecclesiastical eloquence. It was to be read by Prince Vassily himself, who was famed for his fine elocution. (He used even to read aloud in the Empress's drawing-room.) The beauty of his elocution was supposed to lie in the loud, resonant voice, varying between a despairing howl and a tender whine, in which he rolled off the words quite independently of the sense, so that a howl fell on one word and a whine on others quite at random. This reading, as was always the case with Anna Pavlovna's entertainments, had a political significance. She was expecting at this soirée several important personages who were to be made to feel ashamed of patronising the French theatre, and to be roused to patriotic fervour. A good many people had already arrived, but Anna Pavlovna did not yet see those persons whose presence in her drawing-room was necessary, and she was therefore starting general topics of conversation before proceeding to the reading.

①玛丽亚·费奥多罗夫娜是已故沙皇保罗的皇后，而伊丽莎白是在位沙皇亚历山大的皇后。

The news of the day in Petersburg was the illness of Countess Bezuhov. The countess had been taken ill a few days previously; she had missed several entertainments, of which she was usually the ornament, and it was said that she was seeing no one, and that instead of the celebrated Petersburg physicians, who usually attended her, she had put herself into the hands of some Italian doctor, who was treating her on some new and extraordinary method.

八月二十六日，即是波罗底诺战役的当天，安娜·帕夫洛夫娜家举办了一次晚会，其中的重头戏要算是朗读主教向陛下敬献圣谢尔吉依神像所附的信，该信被视为爱国的教会辞令的范本。素以朗诵艺术享有盛誉的瓦西里公爵将要朗读这封信（他常给皇后朗诵）。据说，他的朗诵的要诀在于响亮而且动听，用那绝望的哀鸣和温柔的絮语交替地咬字吐音，完全不顾字句的含义，朗诵者时而在一个字句上发出哀鸣，时而在另一个字句上发出怨声。这次朗读，如同安娜·费奥多罗夫娜家所有的晚会一样，具有政治意义。今天的晚会，将有几位显贵出席，他们竟想去法国剧院看戏，应该使他们感到羞愧，并且要鼓舞他们的爱国精神。相当多的人已经到了，但安娜·帕夫洛夫娜在客厅里看到应到的人还没有到齐，因此，暂不进行朗诵，让大家随便聊聊。

Everybody was very well aware that the charming countess's illness was due to inconveniences arising from marrying two husbands at once, and that the Italian doctor's treatment consisted in the removal of such inconvenience. But in the presence of Anna Pavlovna no one ventured to think about that view of the question, or even, as it were, to know what they did know about it.

彼得堡每日新闻中当天的新闻是别祖霍娃伯爵夫人的病。伯爵夫人几天前意外的生病了，错过了几次因有她出席而生色的聚会，同时听说着，她不接待任何人，并且没有请经常给她诊病的彼得堡的几位知名医生，而是信任某个意大利医生用一种新的不寻常的方法给她诊治。

“They say the poor countess is very ill. The doctor says it is angina pectoris.”

大家都十分清楚，迷人的伯爵夫人的病，起因于不便同时嫁给两个丈夫，而意大利人的治疗方法就在于消除这种不便；但当着安娜·帕夫洛夫娜的面，不仅谁都不敢这样想，而且好像谁都不知道似的。

“Angine? Oh, that's a terrible illness.”

“Onditquelapauvrecomtesseesttrèsmal．Lemédecinditquec'estl'anginepectorale．

“They say the rivals are reconciled, thanks to the angine…” The word angine was repeated with great relish.

“L'angine？Oh，c'estunemaladieterrible！

“I am told the old count is touching. He cried like a child when the doctor told him there was danger.”

“Onditquelesrivauxsesontreconciliésgraceàl'angine…”①大家饶有兴味地重复着angine这个字。

“Oh, it would be a terrible loss. She is a fascinating woman.”

“Levieuxcomteesttouchantàcequ'ondit．Ilapleurécommeunenfantquandlemédecinluiaditquelecasétaitdangereux．”

“You speak of the poor countess,” said Anna Pavlovna, coming up. “I sent to inquire after her. I was told she was getting better. Oh, no doubt of it, she is the most charming woman in the world,” said Anna Pavlovna, with a smile at her own enthusiasm. “We belong to different camps, but that does not prevent me from appreciating her as she deserves. She is very unhappy,” added Anna Pavlovna.

“Oh，ceseraituneperteterrible．C'estunefemmeravissante．”

Supposing that by these last words Anna Pavlovna had slightly lifted the veil of mystery that hung over the countess's illness, one unwary young man permitted himself to express surprise that no well-known doctor had been called in, and that the countess should be treated by a charlatan, who might make use of dangerous remedies.

“Vousparlezdelapauvrecomtesse，”安娜·帕夫洛夫娜走过来说，“J'aienvoyésavoirdesesnouvelles．Onm'aditqu'elleallaitunpeumieux．Oh，sansdoute，c'estlapluscharmantefemmedumonde．”②她对自己的兴奋莞尔一笑地说。“Nousappartenonsàdescampsdifférents，maiscelanem'empêchepasdel'éstimer，commeellelemérite．Elleestbienmalheureuse．”③安娜·帕夫洛夫娜又补了一句。

“Your information may be better than mine,” cried Anna Pavlovna, falling upon the inexperienced youth with sudden viciousness, “but I have it on good authority that this doctor is a very learned and skilful man. He is the private physician of the Queen of Spain.”

①听说，可怜的伯爵夫人病情严重。大夫说，这是心绞病。心绞痛？呵，好可怕的病！听说两个冤家对头和解了，因为心绞痛……

And having thus annihilated the young man, Anna Pavlovna turned to Bilibin, who was talking in another group about the Austrians, and had his forehead puckered up in wrinkles in readiness to utter un mot.

②听说老伯爵很悲痛。当大夫说病情危险时，他像孩子似地哭了。　呵，这将是一大损失。这么迷人的女人。　你们在谈可怜的伯爵夫人吗？我已派人去问候过了。他们说她好点了。呵，　毫无疑问，这是世界上最迷人的女人。

“I think it is charming!” he was saying of the diplomatic note which had been sent to Vienna with the Austrian flags taken by Wittgenstein, “le héros de Pétropol,” as he was called at Petersburg.

③我们属于不同的阵营，但这不妨碍我对她表示应有的的尊敬。她是多么不幸。

“What? what was it?” Anna Pavlovna inquired, creating a silence for the mot to be heard, though she had in fact heard it before.

一个冒失的年轻人，以为安娜·帕夫洛夫娜说这番话，意在揭开罩住伯爵夫人病情的神秘内幕，便不经意地对不请著名的医生，而由一位可能用危险药物医治伯爵夫人的江湖郎中表示惊讶。

And Bilibin repeated the precise words of the diplomatic despatch he had composed.

“Vosinformationspeuventêtremeilleuresqueles

“The Emperor sends back the Austrian flags,” said Bilibin; “drapeaux amis et égarés qu'il a trouvés hors de la route,” Bilibin concluded, letting the wrinkles run off his forehead.

mienues．”①安娜·帕夫洛夫娜突然恶狠狠地攻击那个不懂事的年轻人。“Maisjesaisdebonnesourcequecemédecinestunhommetrèssavantettrèshabile．C'estlemédecininBtimedelareined'Espagne．”②安娜·帕夫洛夫娜就这样击败了年轻人，转身朝比利宾走去。这人正在另一个圈子里谈论奥地利人，他皱起面部的皮肤，显然随时准备把它松开，说出unmot”（一句俏皮话）。

“Charming, charming!” said Prince Vassily.

“Jetrouvequec'estcharmant！”③他在谈一份外交文件，该文件连同被维特根施泰因，lehérosdePétropol④（彼得堡的人们这样称呼他），缴获的奥国旗帜一道送往维也纳。

“The road to Warsaw, perhaps,” Prince Ippolit said loudly, to the general surprise. Everybody looked at him, at a loss to guess what he meant. Prince Ippolit, too, looked about him with light-hearted wonder. He had no more notion than other people what was meant by his words. In the course of his diplomatic career he had more than once noticed that words suddenly uttered in that way were accepted as highly diverting, and on every occasion he uttered in that way the first words that chanced to come to his tongue. “May be, it will come out all right,” he thought, “and if it doesn't, they will know how to give some turn to it.” And the awkward silence that reigned was in fact broken by the entrance of the personage of defective patriotism whom Anna Pavlovna was waiting for to convert to a better mind; and smiling, and shaking her finger at Prince Ippolit, she summoned Prince Vassily to the table, and setting two candles and a manuscript before him, she begged him to begin. There was a general hush.

“怎么，怎么回事？”安娜·帕夫洛夫娜问他好使大家静听她已知道的mot。

“Most high and gracious Emperor and Tsar!” Prince Vassily boomed out sternly, and he looked round at his audience as though to inquire whether any one had anything to say against that. But nobody said anything. “The chief capital city, Moscow, the New Jerusalem, receives her Messiah”—he threw a sudden emphasis on the “her”—“even as a mother in the embraces of her zealous sons, and through the gathering darkness, foreseeing the dazzling glory of thy dominion, sings aloud in triumph: ‘Hosanna! Blessed be He that cometh!”' Prince Vassily uttered these last words in a tearful voice.

于是，比利宾复述了一遍由他起草的那份外交文件的原文：

Bilibin scrutinised his nails attentively, and many of the audience were visibly cowed, as though wondering what they had done wrong. Anna Pavlovna murmured the words over beforehand, as old women whisper the prayer to come at communion: “Let the base and insolent Goliath…” she whispered.

“L'empereurrenovielesdrapeauxAutrichiens，”比利宾说，“drapeauxamisetégarésqu'ilatrouvéhorsdelaroute．”⑤比利宾放松面部的皮肤，把话说完。

Prince Vassily continued: “Let the base and insolent Goliath from the borders of France encompass the realm of Russia with the horrors of death; lowly faith, the sling of the Russian David, shall smite a swift blow at the head of his pride that thirsteth for blood. This holy image of the most venerable Saint Sergey, of old a zealous champion of our country's welfare, is borne to your imperial majesty. I grieve that my failing strength hinders me from the joy of your most gracious presence.

“Charmant，charmant．”⑥瓦西里公爵说。

Fervent prayers I am offering up to Heaven, and the Almighty will exalt the faithful and fulfil in His mercy the hopes of your majesty.”

①您的消息可能比我的准确。

“Quel force! Quel style!” was murmured in applause of the reader and the author. Roused by this appeal, Anna Pavlovna's guests continued for a long while talking of the position of the country, and made various surmises as to the issue of the battle to be fought in a few days.

②但我从可靠来源得知，这位医生博学多才。他是西班牙王后的御医呢。

“You will see,” said Anna Pavlovna, “that to-morrow on the Emperor's birthday we shall get news. I have a presentiment of something good.”

③我发觉这太妙了！

④彼得堡的英雄。

⑤皇帝奉还奥国旗帜，这些友好的误入歧途的旗帜，他是在正路之外发现的。（意在讽刺奥与俄结盟不久，又与拿破仑一道进攻俄国。）

⑥妙极了，妙极了。

“C'estlaroutedeVarsoviepeut－être．”①伊波利特公爵大声地让人感到意外地说。大家都把目光转向他，不明白他这句话的用意。伊波利特公爵也带着开心的惊讶把目光投向四周。他也像其他人一样闹不清楚他说这句话的涵义。在他任职外交界时期，他不止一次注意到，以这种方式突然说出的话显得很机智，他一有机会便把首先涌上舌尖的话说出来。“可能，效果会很好，”他想，“要是没有效果呢，他们会弄不好的。”果然，就在尴尬的沉默气氛弥漫开来的时候，安娜·帕夫洛夫娜等待他来演讲的那个不够爱国的人物进来了，于是，她微笑着伸出指头威胁了伊波利特一下，然后邀请瓦西里公爵走到桌子旁边就座，递给他两支蜡烛和一份手稿，请他开始念。全场肃静。

①这是华沙大道，有可能。

“最仁慈的皇帝陛下！”瓦西里公爵严肃地开了头，环顾一下听众，好像询问有没有人要对此表示反对，但无人说话。

“最早成为国都的莫斯科城，新耶路撒冷，迎接自己的基督，”他突然把重音读在自己的字眼上，“像母亲张开的双臂接纳热忱的儿子，并透过迷雾，预见你邦国的光辉荣耀，他欢唱：‘和撒纳'，后代幸福啊！”瓦西里公爵用哭腔朗诵这段的最后这句话。

比利宾仔细观察自己的指甲，好多人都露出一付担惊受怕的样子，似乎在询问他们有何过错。安娜·帕夫洛夫娜像老太婆念祷词似地预见轻轻地重复：“让那胆大蛮横的歌利亚……”她低声地说完了这些话。

瓦西里公爵继续读下去：

“让那胆大蛮横的歌利亚从法国把死神的恐怖洒向全俄罗斯吧，忠顺的信仰，俄国大卫①的弹弓，即将突然击穿那嗜血狂妄者的脑袋。谨将这尊圣谢尔吉依——古代我国福祉的捍卫者的圣像，献给吾皇陛下。我痛心疾首，衰弱的体力使我不能面觐至为仁爱的圣颜。我向上天热忱祷告，求全能的主降福于正义的民族，仁慈地实现陛下的愿望。”

“Quelleforce！Quelstyle！”②朗读者和撰写者都受到了赞扬。

聆听完毕而受到鼓舞的安娜·帕夫洛夫娜的客人们，又谈了很久祖国的情势，并且对最近几天内战斗将要出现的结果作了各种推测。

“Vousverrez，”③安娜·帕夫洛夫娜说，“明天，在陛下的诞辰，我们会得到消息的。我有吉祥的预感。”

①迦特人歌利亚，非利士人的战士，被大卫用弹弓打死。见《旧约·撒母耳记》第十七章。

②多么有力！多好的文体！

③你们会看到。