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| In its first report, a team of international scientists assembled by the World Health Organization to advise on the origins of the coronavirus said on Thursday that bats likely carried an ancestor of the coronavirus that may have then spilled over into a mammal sold at a wildlife market. But the team said that more Chinese data was needed to study how the virus spread to people, including the possibility that a lab leak played a role. |
| 世界卫生组织召集的一个国际科学家工作组周四表示，他们在第一份报告中指出，蝙蝠可能携带了新冠病毒的祖先，将其传播到了野生动物市场上出售的哺乳动物身上。但该工作组表示，需要更多的中国数据来研究人类是如何传染上这种病毒的，包括实验室泄漏也是因素之一的可能性。 |
| The team, appointed by the W.H.O. in October as the organization tried to reset its approach to studying the pandemic’s origins, said that Chinese scientists had shared information with them, including from unpublished studies, on two occasions. But gaps in Chinese reports made it difficult to determine when and where the outbreak emerged, the report said. |
| 世卫组织于去年10月任命了该工作组，试图重新研究这一流行病的起源。该工作组说，中国科学家曾两次与他们分享信息，包括未发表的研究报告。但报告称，中国报告中存在的信息空白使其难以确定疫情出现的时间地点。 |
| Independent experts said it was unclear how the team, comprising scientists from the United States, China and two dozen other countries, could help the W.H.O. break through the political barriers in China that have stalled the publication of most information that would place the virus’s emergence within the country’s borders. |
| 独立专家表示，目前尚不清楚，这个由来自美国、中国和其他20几个国家的科学家组成的工作组如何能够帮助世卫组织突破中国阻碍大多数信息公开的政治屏障，这些信息可能指向病毒源于中国境内。 |
| “The lack of political cooperation from China continues to stifle any meaningful progress,” said Lawrence Gostin, who directs the O’Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University. He said that the report offered a road map for investigating future pandemics in less secretive countries. |
| “中国政治的不合作在持续扼杀任何有意义的进展，”乔治城大学奥尼尔国家和全球卫生法研究所所长劳伦斯·戈斯汀说。他表示，该报告提供了一份蓝图，用于调查未来发生在不那么遮遮掩掩的国家的疫情。 |
| The W.H.O. asked the group for advice not only on studying the coronavirus’s origins, but also on examining the emergence of future pathogens. The team, known as the Scientific Advisory Group for the Origins of Novel Pathogens, has no authority to undertake inquiries in China or elsewhere. |
| 世卫组织要求该工作组不仅要在研究新冠病毒的起源方面提供建议，还要探讨未来病原体出现的可能性。该工作组被称为“新型病原体起源国际科学咨询小组”，它无权在中国或其他地方进行调查。 |
| Maria Van Kerkhove, the W.H.O.’s Covid-19 technical lead, said the report was “just the start of their work.” |
| 世卫组织新冠肺炎技术负责人玛丽亚·范克尔克霍夫表示，这份报告“只是他们工作的开始”。 |
| The group was expected to indicate more openness to a lab leak than a previous team that the W.H.O. sent to China in early 2021. That earlier team’s joint report with China said that a lab leak, while possible, was “extremely unlikely.” The W.H.O.’s director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, called that assessment premature. |
| 预计该工作组对实验室泄漏说法的态度将比世卫组织在2021年初派往中国的工作组更开放。上一次的工作组与中国发布联合报告称，虽然存在实验室泄漏的可能性，但“极不可能”。世卫组织总干事谭德塞称该评估为时过早。 |
| The latest report said that no new data pointed to a lab leak. But leaders of the group said that they wanted to evaluate any evidence that emerges in the future. |
| 最新报告称，没有新数据表明存在实验室泄漏。但该工作组的领导人表示，他们希望对未来出现的任何证据进行评估。 |
| “We haven’t received any reports that really indicate that there is a lab leak that we feel is strong to follow up on,” said Marietjie Venter, the team’s chairwoman and a professor of medical virology at the University of Pretoria in South Africa. |
| 南非比勒陀利亚大学医学病毒学教授玛丽埃杰·文特尔是该工作组的主席，她说：“我们还没有收到任何真正表明存在实验室泄漏并且我们认为有必要跟进的报告。” |
| Efforts to study a lab leak met resistance from team members from China, Russia and Brazil, who did not see the need for such investigations, the report said. |
| 报告称，研究实验室泄漏的努力遭到了来自中国、俄罗斯和巴西的工作组成员的抵制，他们认为没有必要进行此类调查。 |
| The report mentioned a number of studies into the potential role of animals in the emergence of the coronavirus that had been published since the previous W.H.O. team’s work. For example, a survey of a live animal market in Wuhan, China, indicated that several species known to be susceptible to the coronavirus were present in the fall of 2019. |
| 该报告提到了世卫组织上次派遣工作组以来发表的多项关于动物对于新冠病毒起源的潜在作用的研究。例如，对中国武汉一个活体动物市场的调查表明，2019年秋季那里已经有几种已知容易感染新冠病毒的物种存在。 |
| Once people linked to that market started becoming sick, the police shut down and disinfected the facility, making it more difficult for scientists to identify potential intermediate animal hosts for the virus. |
| 当与该市场有关的人开始生病，警方马上关闭了该场所并对其进行消毒，这使科学家更难确定该病毒的潜在中间动物宿主。 |
| The latest report said that it was focusing on published, peer-reviewed studies, though it acknowledged a number of unpublished studies posted online as “pre-prints.” Among them were two papers released this year, in which a team of scientists argued that the pandemic arose when a bat infected a wild animal, such as a raccoon dog, which was then sold at the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan. |
| 最新的报告称，它的重点是已发表的、经过同行评议的研究，尽管它也承认网上发布的一些未正式出版的“预印本”。其中包括今年发表的两篇论文，其中一个科学家小组认为，蝙蝠感染了一只野生动物（比如一只貉），随后这只动物在武汉的华南海鲜市场上出售，导致了疫情。 |
| Michael Worobey, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Arizona who helped carry out those studies, said it was unfortunate that the W.H.O. team did not look closely at the unpublished research. |
| 参与开展这些研究的亚利桑那大学进化生物学家迈克尔·沃罗比说，世卫组织的研究小组没有仔细研究这些未发表的研究，这很不幸。 |
| “I think if you read our pre-prints and understand the evidence,” he said, “actually there’s very strong evidence that the pandemic emerged through wildlife at the Huanan market.” |
| “我认为，如果你读过我们的预印本并了解证据，”他说，“就会发现，实际上有非常有力的证据表明，疫情是通过华南市场的野生动物出现的。” |
| Dr. Worobey and other researchers said that a vital opportunity was lost in January 2020 to focus a search for the coronavirus on wildlife farms that supplied markets like Huanan. Instead, millions of animals were reportedly culled. |
| 沃罗比和其他研究人员表示，2020年1月，相关人员失去了一个关键的机会，没有把搜索新冠病毒的重点放在为华南等市场供应的野生动物养殖场上。据报道数以百万计的动物遭到扑杀。 |
| Filippa Lentzos, a biosecurity researcher at King’s College London, praised the latest report for noting the lack of published findings from China’s own origin studies. But she said that its proposals for future pandemic origin studies did not adequately account for investigations into “accidental or deliberate events,” which she said would require expertise outside of public health. |
| 伦敦大学国王学院的生物安全研究员菲利帕·兰佐斯称赞了最新的报告，因为它注意到了中国自己的起源研究中缺失了一些已经发表的发现。但是她说，委员会关于未来疫情起源研究的建议没有充分考虑到对“意外或故意事件”的调查，她说，这需要公共卫生以外的专业知识。 |
| Jesse Bloom, a virologist at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, said that the report made clear that mitigating future pandemic threats required considering both animal and laboratory origins. |
| 弗雷德·哈钦森癌症研究中心的病毒学家杰西·布鲁姆说，该报告明确指出，要减轻未来的流行病威胁，需要同时考虑动物和实验室来源。 |
| “Both of these things are sufficiently serious possibilities that they need to be thought about together,” he said. |
| “这两件事都是非常严重的可能性，需要一起考虑，”他说。 |
| The report recommended studies of blood samples from workers at wildlife farms and live animal markets and of genomic data from early viral samples. But the previous W.H.O. team had proposed some similar studies, to no avail. |
| 该报告建议对野生动物养殖场和活体动物市场工作人员的血液样本以及早期病毒样本的基因组数据进行研究。世卫组织之前的研究小组曾提出过一些类似的研究，然而都没有结果。 |
| The latest report said that Dr. Tedros wrote Chinese officials twice in February requesting information on the status of those studies as well as information on a potential lab leak. But there was no indication that the W.H.O. would be able to persuade China to share the results of any such work. |
| 最新的报告称，谭德塞今年2月曾两次写信给中国官员，要求提供关于这些研究的状况，以及关于潜在的实验室泄漏的信息。但没有迹象表明，世卫组织能够说服中国分享任何此类工作的结果。 |
| Despite the difficulties, however, some information from China has trickled out. |
| 不过，尽管困难重重，来自中国的一些信息还是陆续流出。 |
| Last week, Chinese researchers published a small study on raccoon dogs and bats collected in the Wuhan region in January 2020. In 15 raccoon dogs, the researchers found a new species of coronavirus related to one that infects dogs. In 334 bats, the researchers found coronaviruses that appear to be a mix of viruses, some related to the one that caused Covid, and others related to the one that caused SARS in 2003. |
| 上周，中国研究人员发表了一项关于2020年1月在武汉地区收集的貉与蝙蝠的小型研究。研究人员在15只貉身上发现了一种与感染狗的冠状病毒有关的新型冠状病毒。研究人员在334只蝙蝠身上发现了似乎由多种病毒混合的冠状病毒，一些与导致此次新冠疫情的病毒有关，另一些与导致2003年SARS的病毒有关。 |
| “These sample sizes are not large enough,” said Maciej Boni, a virologist at Penn State University. “We need sampling done on the scale of tens of thousands of bats to get a complete picture.” |
| “这些样本量不够大，”宾夕法尼亚州立大学的病毒学家马切伊·博尼说。“我们需要以数万只蝙蝠为规模进行采样，以获得完整的图景。” |
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