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| Vitamin, mineral and multivitamin supplements aren't likely to protect you from cancer, heart disease or overall mortality, the US Preventive Services Task Force said in updated guidelines released Tuesday in the journal JAMA. |
| Since its last recommendation in 2014, the task force reviewed 84 studies testing vitamins in almost 700,000 people, including 52 new studies on the topic. |
| Yet the conclusion remained the same as that of 2014: If you are a healthy, nonpregnant adult, there is "insufficient evidence" of any benefits to extending one's life in taking vitamin E, vitamin D, calcium, vitamin A, beta carotene, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin C and selenium. |
| However, there is enough evidence to recommend against the use of beta carotene supplements to prevent cardiovascular disease or cancer "because of a possible increased risk of mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and lung cancer," the task force said. |
| Nor should people take vitamin E "because it probably has no net benefit in reducing mortality, cardiovascular disease, or cancer," the task force said. |
| "Lifestyle counseling to prevent chronic diseases in patients should continue to focus on evidence-based approaches, including balanced diets that are high in fruits and vegetables and physical activity," said Dr. Jeffrey Linder, chief of general internal medicine at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago, in an accompanying editorial. |
| Take, for example, the Mediterranean diet. Eating the Mediterranean way, which focuses on a plant-based diet, physical activity and social engagement, can reduce the risk for high cholesterol, dementia, memory loss, depression and breast cancer, numerous studies found. |
| Another evidence-based intervention: the DASH diet, which stands for "dietary approaches to stop hypertension." The diet successfully reduces high blood pressure, studies have shown. Both the Mediterranean and DASH diets avoid processed foods and focus on fruits, vegetables, beans, whole grains, nuts and seeds. |
| "Rather than focusing money, time, and attention on supplements, it would be better to emphasize lower-risk, higher-benefit activities ... following a healthful diet, getting exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking," Linder and his colleagues wrote. |
| There are some populations who do need certain vitamins. Some seniors may need additional supplementation of vitamin B12 and B6 as absorption of those vitamins from food fades as we age. Because the elderly often get less sun than younger ages, they may need additional vitamin D, but levels should be checked by a doctor, as too much D can be harmful. |
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