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| Four years ago, many young Chinese liked to use the hashtag #Amazing China. |
| 四年前，中国许多年轻人喜欢用的话题标签是#厉害了我的国。 |
| Two years ago, they said that China was the “A” student in pandemic control and urged the rest of the world, especially the United States, to “copy China’s homework.” |
| 两年前，他们说，中国是控制新冠病毒大流行的“学霸”，呼吁世界其他地区尤其是美国，“抄中国作业。” |
| Now many believe that they’re the most unlucky generation since the 1980s as Beijing’s persistent pursuit of the zero Covid policy is wreaking havoc. Jobs are hard to find. Frequent Covid testing dictates their lives. The government is imposing more and more restrictions on their individual liberty while pushing them to get married and have more children. |
| 现在，他们中的许多人认为，他们是自20世纪80年代以来最不幸的一代，因为中国政府对新冠清零政策的执着追求正在给人们的生活造成严重破坏。工作很难找。频繁的核酸检测决定着人们的生活。政府正在对他们的个人自由加以越来越多的限制，同时劝他们结婚、生更多的孩子。 |
| “I can’t stand the thought that I will have to die in this place,” said Cheng Xinyu, a 19-year-old writer in the southwestern Chinese city of Chengdu, who is thinking of migrating to foreign countries before the government’s iron fist falls on her. |
| “我无法接受未来是死在这个地方，”中国西南部城市成都19岁的作家程新宇（音）说，她正考虑在政府的铁拳落到身上之前移民国外。 |
| She can’t imagine having children in China either. |
| 她也无法想象在中国生孩子。 |
| “I like children but I don’t dare to have them here because I won’t be able to protect them,” she said, citing concerns like pandemic control workers breaking into apartments to spray disinfectant, killing pets and requiring residents to leave the keys in their apartment door locks. |
| “我喜欢孩子，但不敢把孩子生在这里，因为我给不了他们力所能及的保护，”她说。她列举了一些担忧，比如抗疫人员闯进住所喷洒消毒剂，杀死宠物，要求居民离开家时把钥匙留在门锁里。 |
| Ms. Cheng is part of a new trend known as the “run philosophy,” or “runxue,” that preaches running away from China to seek a safer and brighter future. She and millions of others also reposted a video in which a young man pushed back against police officers who warned that his family would be punished for three generations if he refused to go to a quarantine camp. “This will be our last generation,” he told the police. |
| 程新宇加入了一个被称为“润学”的新潮流，它宣扬逃离中国，寻找更安全、更光明的未来。她和几百万人还转发了一段一名年轻男子顶撞警察的视频，视频中，警察警告男子，如果拒绝被“转运”，他家三代都将受到惩罚的影响。“这是我们最后一代，”他告诉警察。 |
| His response became an online meme that was later censored. Many young people identified with the sentiment, saying they would be reluctant to have children under the increasingly authoritarian government. |
| 该男子的回应已成为一个网络米姆，后来遭到删除。许多年轻人认同这个情绪，称他们不愿把孩子生在越来越专制的政府之下。 |
| “Not bringing children to this country, to this land, will be the most charitable deed I could manage,” wrote a Weibo user under the hashtag #thelastgeneration before it was censored. “As ordinary people who’re not entitled to individual dignity, our reproductive organs will be our last resort,” wrote another Weibo user. |
| “不把小孩带到这个国籍这片土地是我能做的最大的功德，”一名微博用户在“#最后一代”标签下写道，这个标签已被审查。“没有尊严的普通人最硬的底气仅剩生殖器了，”另一名微博用户写道。 |
| The “run philosophy” and the “last generation” are the rallying cries for many young Chinese in their 20s and 30s who despair about their country and their future. They are entering the labor force, getting married and deciding whether to have children in one of the country’s bleakest moments in decades. Censored and politically suppressed, some are considering voting with their feet while others want to protest by not having children. |
| “润学”和“最后一代”是许多二三十岁的中国年轻人对国家和未来感到绝望的呐喊。处于这个国家几十年来最黯淡的时刻之一，他们正在进入劳动力市场，正在考虑结婚和生育的问题。政府的审查和政治压制让一些人正在考虑用脚投票，另一些人则想用不生孩子来抗议。 |
| This is quite a departure for members of a generation previously known for their nationalistic penchant. |
| 对于此前以民族主义倾向著称的一代人来说，这是相当大的背离。 |
| They grew up as China rose to become the world’s second biggest economy. They trolled critics of Beijing’s human rights records and boycotted many Western brands for perceived slights of their motherland. |
| 这代人是在中国崛起为世界第二大经济体的过程中成长起来的。他们在网上发帖抨击批评中国人权记录的人，抵制许多被他们视为辱华的西方品牌。 |
| Sometimes they complained about their grueling work schedules and lack of upward social mobility. But if they were less sure of their personal future, they were confident that China would be great again — as their top leader promised. |
| 虽然他们有时抱怨工作时间太长，缺乏向上的社会流动性，但就算他们对自己的未来不那么确定，他们仍相信中国的伟大复兴，正如他们的最高领导人所承诺的那样。 |
| This spring it’s become increasingly clear that the government can’t live up to its promises and the state has different expectations for their lives. |
| 不过，今年春天已变得越来越明显的是，政府不能兑现承诺，国家对他们的生活有不同的期望。 |
| A new survey of more than 20,000 people, mostly female between 18 and 31, found that two thirds of them don’t want to have children. The government has a different agenda, pushing people to have three children to rejuvenate one of the fastest aging populations in the world. |
| 一项针对逾2万人（其中绝大多数是年龄在18到31岁之间的女性）的新调查发现，三分之二的受访者不想要孩子。政府则有不同的计划，为使世界上老龄化速度最快的人口之一恢复活力，它推动人们生三个孩子。 |
| Doris Wang, a young professional in Shanghai, said that she had never planned to have children in China. Living through the harsh lockdown in the past two months reaffirmed her decision. Children should be playing in nature and with each other, she said, but they’re locked up in apartments, going through rounds of Covid testing, getting yelled at by pandemic control workers and listening to stern announcements from loudspeakers on the street. |
| 上海的年轻上班族多萝西·王（音）说，她以前就从未打算在中国要孩子。经历了过去两个月的严格封控后，她再次确定了自己的决定。她说，孩子应该在大自然中与别的孩子一起玩耍，但现在他们被封控在家中，接受一轮又一轮的核酸检测，听着疫情防控人员大喊大叫，还有街上大喇叭里的严厉通告。 |
| “Even adults feel very depressed, desperate and unhealthy, not to mention children,” she said. “They’ll definitely have psychological issues to deal with when they grow up.” She said she plans to migrate to a western country so she can have a normal life and dignity. |
| “大人都会如此压抑，如此绝望，如此身心不健康，更不要说小朋友了，”她说。“他们长大后肯定会有心理问题。”她说，她打算移民到一个西方国家去，只有那样，她才能过上正常的生活，才能有尊严。 |
| Compounding the frustrations, headlines are full of bad news about jobs. There will be more than 10 million college graduates in China this year, a record. But many businesses are laying off workers or freezing head counts as they try to survive the lockdowns and regulatory crackdowns. |
| 新闻中充满了关于就业的坏消息，这加剧了人们的沮丧情绪。中国今年将有逾1000万大学生毕业，创下历史新高。但随着许多企业试图在封控和监管打击之下求生存，它们正在裁员或冻结员工人数。 |
| Zhaopin.com, a recruiting site, found that its job prospect index in the first quarter of this year was about half that in the same period last year and even lower than when the coronavirus first struck in 2020. Graduates who have signed offers will be paid 12 percent less per month on average than last year, the company reported. |
| 招聘网站智联招聘发现，今年第一季度的高校毕业生就业前景指数约为去年同期的一半，甚至低于2020年新冠病毒首次暴发时的水平。该公司发布的报告称，求职成功已签约的毕业生的平均月薪将比去年降低12%。 |
| A growing number of college graduates are trying to get into graduate schools or pass the increasingly competitive public servant examinations to land a secure government job. |
| 越来越多的大学毕业生选择考研，或参加竞争日益激烈的公务员考试，以获得一份稳定的政府工作。 |
| Two thirds of 131 new recruits of civil servants in Beijing’s Chaoyang district in April had master’s or doctoral degrees, according to a government document, reflecting an increasing trend. They graduated from top universities in China and around the world, including Peking University, University of Hong Kong, University of Sydney and Imperial College London. Many of them will be doing the most basic government jobs, ones that used to be filled by high school graduates. |
| 据一份政府文件显示，北京朝阳区今年4月新录用的131名公务员中，有三分之二拥有硕士或博士学位，这反映了一种日益增长的趋势。他们毕业于北京大学、香港大学、悉尼大学和伦敦帝国理工学院等国内外顶尖大学。他们中的许多人将从事最基本的政府工作，这些工作过去由高中毕业生来做。 |
| A Ph.D graduate of particle physics from Peking University will become an urban management officer, or chengguan, according to the report. Chengguan are the most reviled officials, known for brutalizing beggars, chasing down street vendors and assisting in tearing down people’s homes. The contrast is too rich. |
| 据报道，北京大学的一名核物理专业博士毕业生将去当城管。以残酷对待乞丐、追赶街头小贩、协助拆除民房而闻名的城管是最遭唾弃的政府工作人员。这样的反差太大了。 |
| One bright spot in the job market is in Covid testing. As Beijing sticks to the zero Covid policy, local governments need a lot of people to staff their numerous testing stations. Henan Province in central China said in January that it would train 50,000 people this year in Covid testing, disinfecting and public sanitation management. But even a government-run news site asked what kind of career prospects these jobs offered after the pandemic. |
| 就业市场的一个亮点是核酸检测行业。由于北京坚持清零政策，地方政府需要为数不清的核酸检测点配备大量工作人员。河南省已在今年1月宣布，今年将培训5万防疫人员，包括核酸检测员、消毒人员，以及公共场所卫生管理员。但就连一家政府运营的新闻网站也在问，这种职业“疫情之后的职业前景在哪里？”。 |
| For the young Chinese, the increasingly stringent social controls are equally depressing. |
| 对于许多中国年轻人来说，越来越严格的社会控制同样令人沮丧。 |
| Some students in Changchun in northeastern Jilin Province complained on social media that they couldn’t shower for more than 40 days when the city was locked down and they couldn’t access public bath houses. |
| 吉林省长春市的一些学生在社交媒体上抱怨，长春封城期间，他们有40多天不能洗淋浴，也不能去公共浴室洗澡。 |
| Tongji University in Shanghai, known for its engineering and architecture programs, issued detailed instructions on how to use a mobile phone-based queuing system for the toilets and washrooms, according to a document on the system reviewed by The New York Times. |
| 以工程和建筑专业闻名的上海同济大学曾对如何使用基于手机的厕所和盥洗室排队系统发布了详细说明，《纽约时报》看到了有关该系统的文件。 |
| Each student would need to press “start” when they left the dorm for the toilet, and press “stop” when they returned to avoid two people in the hallway at the same time, said the instructions. Each toilet run would be allowed a maximum 10 minutes. After eight minutes, the others in the queue could digitally poke the student in the toilet. After 10 minutes, the student would need to explain to the queuing group why it took so long. |
| 根据这份说明，为了避免两个人同时出现在走廊里，每个学生离开宿舍去卫生间时需要在手机应用上按“开始”，回到宿舍后再按“结束”。每次上厕所的时间最多10分钟。八分钟过后，如果厕所里的学生还没出来，等着上厕所的学生可以在手机应用中“拍一拍”他。10分钟还没出来的话，该学生需要向排队的人解释为什么要花这么长时间。 |
| Some of the social control mechanisms were never lifted. |
| 有些社会控制措施一经采取就再也没有解除过。 |
| In 2020, the prestigious Fudan University in Shanghai developed a tracking system that requires its students to register their health conditions and real-time locations everyday. It’s similar to systems that some countries, including South Korea, developed to monitor travelers for short-term home and hotel quarantines. Fudan students have had to register in the system daily, doing so even during the year and half when there were very few infections in China. If they fail to do so, they’re not allowed onto the campus, according to a step-by-step registering process reviewed by The New York Times. |
| 2020年，上海著名的复旦大学开发了一套跟踪系统，要求学生每天登录报告自己的健康状况和实时位置。这个系统类似于包括韩国在内的一些国家开发的系统，用于监测旅行者的短期居家或酒店隔离。即使在中国感染病例很少的一年半时间里，复旦大学的学生也必须每天登录该系统。据《纽约时报》看到的该系统登录步骤，学生不登录系统，就不能进入校园。 |
| Universities have very little tolerance for any act of disobedience. |
| 大学基本上不容忍任何不服从行为。 |
| Sun Jian, a graduate student at Ludong University in eastern Shandong Province, was expelled in late March after he walked around the campus holding a sign saying, “Unlock Ludong.” He was also admonished by the police for disturbing the public order. |
| 孙健是山东省鲁东大学的一名研究生，今年3月底，他举着“鲁东解封”的牌子在校园里走动后，被学校开除。他还因扰乱公共秩序而受到警方训诫。 |
| A college student in Shanghai told me that her adviser was able to track her down for a critical Weibo comment she made about the lockdowns — even though she had used a pseudonym. She was told to delete the post. |
| 上海的一名大学生告诉我，她在微博上发了一个批评封控的帖子后，尽管她用的是假名，她的导师仍找到了她，并叫她把该帖子删掉。 |
| It’s impossible to measure how many young Chinese have become disillusioned by the government’s iron fist in the latest lockdowns, which have affected hundreds of millions of people. Beijing has complete control over the propaganda outlets, the internet, the text books, the schools and nearly every aspect that could touch the brain waves of the Chinese public. |
| 无法估计有多少中国年轻人在最近的封控中因为政府的铁拳感到幻灭，已经有几亿人受到这些封控的影响。中国政府全面控制着宣传渠道、互联网、教科书、学校，以及能触及中国公众思维的几乎每个方面。 |
| But the growing online disenchantment is unmistakable. And people will always find ways to escape suppression. In “1984,” Winston wrote a diary. In “The Unbearable Lightness of Being,” Tomáš and Tereza moved to the countryside. |
| 但明确无疑的是，网上越来越多的人感到失望。人民总要找到逃避压制的方法。《1984》中的温斯顿是写日记。《生命中不能承受之轻》中的托马斯和特蕾莎是搬到乡下去。 |
| “When you find that as an individual you have zero ability to fight back the state apparatus, your only way out is to run,” said Ms. Wang, the young professional in Shanghai. |
| “在国家机器下面你作为个体完全没有反抗能力的时候，你唯一的出口是逃离，”上海的年轻上班族王女士说。 |
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