| 双语新闻 Bilingual News | 双语对照阅读 分级系列阅读 智能辅助阅读 在线英语学习 |
|
| 双语新闻 Bilingual News | 双语对照阅读 分级系列阅读 智能辅助阅读 在线英语学习 |
| [英文] [中文] [双语对照] [双语交替] [] |
| TAIPEI, Taiwan — Peng Ming-min, a victim of World War II who endured Japanese imperial rule, brutal Chinese martial law and decades of exile to become a leading fighter for democracy and self-determination for his native Taiwan, died here, the nation’s capital, on April 8. He was 98. | 台湾台北——台湾政治人士彭明敏4月8日在台北逝世，享年98岁。他是第二次世界大战的受害者，经历过日本的帝国主义统治和中华民国的残酷戒严令，并在流亡海外20多年，最终成为一名争取民主和台湾本地人自决权的杰出斗士。 |
| His death, at the Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, was confirmed by Lee Chun-ta, director of the Peng Ming-min Foundation. | 彭明敏文教基金会办公室主任李俊达证实了彭明敏在和信治癌中心医院去世的消息。 |
| Mr. Peng pressed his case for a democratic Taiwan over the years as a lobbyist, author and academic, both in Taiwan and in exile in the United States. | 多年来，在台湾以及流亡美国期间，彭明敏以游说者、作家和学者的身份，一直为建立一个民主的台湾而努力。 |
| As a young Japanese subject in 1945, near the end of the war, he lost his left arm during an American bombing raid on Japan. Days later, while convalescing at his brother’s home near Nagasaki, he witnessed the atomic bombing of that city by the United States. | 1945年，第二次世界大战快结束时，他在一次美国对日本的轰炸中失去了左臂，当时他还年轻，而且是日本臣民。几天后，他在长崎附近哥哥的家中养伤时，目睹了美国对长崎投下的原子弹。 |
| Mr. Peng returned to Taiwan after Tokyo’s surrender ended its 50-year colonial rule of the island, with the Republic of China under Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek taking control. In 1947, he lived through what came to be known as the 228 Massacre, in which Chiang’s government executed as many as 28,000 members of the Taiwanese elite, effectively killing off a generation of leaders. Mr. Peng’s father narrowly escaped the government roundups in the southern port city of Kaohsiung. | 日本在“二战”中投降后，结束了对台湾长达50年的殖民统治，蒋介石领导的中华民国接管台湾，彭明敏从日本回台。1947年，他经历了后来被称为“二二八大屠杀”的事件，蒋介石政府处死了多达2.8万名台湾精英，实际上扼杀了一代领导人。彭明敏的父亲在南部港口城市高雄侥幸躲过了政府的围捕。 |
| Half a century later, in 1996, after the end of four decades of martial law under Chiang’s Chinese Nationalist Party, or Kuomintang, Mr. Peng was a candidate in Taiwan’s first direct presidential election. | 半个世纪后的1996年，国民党解除了对台湾实施了近40年的戒严令后，彭明敏在台湾首次举行的总统直接选举中成为一名候选人。 |
| In a televised debate before the election, Mr. Peng, dispensing with the customary Mandarin, memorably spoke in the Taiwanese language, which had been suppressed under martial law, as he called on the Kuomintang to take responsibility for its harsh treatment of Taiwan. Chiang’s government fled to the island in 1949 after being overthrown by Mao Zedong’s communist revolution in China. | 值得注意的是，在大选前的一次电视辩论中，彭明敏摒弃了政治场合常用的国语，而用起了曾在戒严令下受到压制的台语，呼吁国民党为其对台湾的残酷统治承担负责。蒋介石的政府被毛泽东领导的共产主义革命推翻后，于1949年逃到台湾。 |
| Mr. Peng lost the election to the incumbent president, Lee Teng-hui. But his candidacy, under the banner of the Democratic Progressive Party, once outlawed but now in the majority, was a turning point in Taiwan’s democratic journey, helping to inspire a generation of Taiwanese to enter politics. | 彭明敏在大选中败给了时任总统李登辉。彭明敏当时以民进党候选人的身份参选，那是台湾民主进程的一个转折点，帮助激励了一代台湾人从政。曾经非法的民进党如今是执政的多数派。 |
| “Peng Ming-min showed Taiwanese by example that even though we had been under dictatorship for half a century, democracy was still within our reach,” said Kolas Yotaka, a spokeswoman for President Tsai Ing-wen and a former legislator. Younger generations still look to his words today, she said, as Taiwan struggles to maintain its sovereignty in the face of a growing threat from China, where the ruling Communist Party claims Taiwan as Chinese territory. | “彭明敏用自己的榜样向台湾人展示，尽管我们曾在独裁统治下生活了半个世纪，但民主仍可在我们手中实现，”台湾总统蔡英文的发言人、前立法委员谷辣斯·尤达卡说。她表示，在台湾面临着来自中国的日益增长的威胁、努力维护自己主权的时候，年轻一代如今仍从彭明敏的话中汲取力量。中国执政的共产党称台湾是中国领土。 |
| Peng Ming-min was born on Aug. 15, 1923, with the Taiwanese name Phe Beng-bin. He grew up in a doctor’s family in the central Taiwanese town of Dajia, known as Taiko during Japanese rule. | 彭明敏出生于1923年8月15日，他名字台语发音的英文拼写是Phe Beng-bin。他在台湾中部大甲的一个医生家庭长大，大甲在日据时期曾名为太鼓(Taiko)。 |
| He excelled academically. After studying at Tokyo University and National Taiwan University, he obtained a master’s degree in 1953 at the McGill University Faculty of Law in Montreal. The next year he earned a doctorate in law from the University of Paris. | 他学业优异。在东京帝国大学和国立台湾大学学习后，于1953年在加拿大蒙特利尔的麦吉尔大学法学院获得了法学硕士学位。次年，他获得了巴黎大学法学博士学位。 |
| Information about survivors was not immediately available. | 目前尚无有关其后人的信息。 |
| Mr. Peng’s calls for Taiwanese independence — through the removal of the Republic of China government that had dominated the Taiwanese people’s lives since 1945 — had a major impact on the politics of his country of 23 million, said James Lin, a historian of modern Taiwan at the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies at the University of Washington in Seattle. | 西雅图华盛顿大学杰克逊国际研究学院从事台湾现代历史研究的学者林于翔(James Lin)说，彭明敏想通过推翻自1945年以来一直主导台湾人民生活的中华民国政府，来实现台湾独立，他的这个呼吁曾对有着2300万人口、他土生土长的台湾政治有重大影响。 |
| “Peng’s willingness to call for Taiwanese independence early on, and especially in the 1990s as part of his presidential candidacy, was a noteworthy position in Taiwanese history,” Professor Lin said. “Advocating for independence was then an uncommon position that made him a public target of a large number of Kuomintang supporters and politicians.” | “彭明敏很早就愿意呼吁台湾独立，尤其是在上世纪90年代作为自己竞选总统活动的一部分，这在台湾历史上有值得注意的地位，”林于翔说。“在当时，主张独立是一个不寻常的立场，让他成为大批国民党支持者和政界人士的公开攻击目标。” |
| The Kuomintang was not always Mr. Peng’s enemy. In the early 1960s he was chairman of the political science department at National Taiwan University. And as an early contributor to the new field of international air law, he attracted the notice of Generalissimo Chiang, who appointed him an adviser to the Republic of China’s delegation at the United Nations in New York. | 国民党并不总是彭明敏的敌人。20世纪60年代初，他曾任国立台湾大学政治学系主任。作为国际航空法这个新领域的早期贡献者，他引起了蒋介石的注意，蒋介石任命他为中华民国派驻纽约的联合国代表团的顾问。 |
| The appointment caused Mr. Peng to lead what he called a “double life” — torn between his loyalty to Taiwan and his duties for the Republic of China, which claimed to be the sole legitimate government of both Taiwan and China and imposed a Chinese identity on the Taiwanese people. | 这一任命导致彭明敏过上了一段他称之为“双重人格的生活”，让他在对台湾的忠诚与他对中华民国的责任之间左右为难。中华民国曾自称是台湾和中国的唯一合法政府，并把中国人的身份强加给台湾人民。 |
| In 1971, the U.N. General Assembly voted to expel “the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek” from the China seat on the Security Council. The seat was then given to the People’s Republic of China government in Beijing, setting Taiwan on a path of increasing international isolation. | 1971年，联合国大会投票把“蒋介石的代表”在安理会占据的中国席位上驱逐。这个席位后来被授予北京的中华人民共和国政府，台湾从此走上了在国际上越来越受孤立的道路。 |
| By that time Mr. Peng had been blacklisted from returning to Taiwan, after a military court in 1964 convicted him of sedition over his involvement with two of his students in the printing of a manifesto calling for the overthrow of the Republic of China government and the establishment of a Taiwanese democracy. American pressure on Chiang Kai-shek to release Mr. Peng had led to his transfer from an eight-year prison sentence to house arrest in 1965. With help from Amnesty International, he escaped in 1970, fleeing to Sweden. | 在那时候彭明敏已经被列入黑名单，被禁止返回台湾。1964年，一个军事法庭判处彭明敏犯有煽动罪，因为他参与了他的两名学生印制呼吁推翻中华民国政府、建立一个民主台湾宣言的活动。1965年，美国对蒋介石施压要求释放彭明敏后，国民党政府把彭明敏的八年徒刑改为软禁。1970年，他在国际特赦组织的帮助下逃到了瑞典。 |
| The United States was the next stop for Mr. Peng, who took up a professorship at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. While there, he wrote what would prove to be an influential autobiography, “A Taste of Freedom” (1972). In 1981, he co-founded the Formosan Association for Public Affairs, a lobbying group that remains active today. (Formosa is another name historically used for Taiwan.) | 美国是彭明敏的下一站，他在密歇根大学安娜堡分校获得了教授职位。在那里，他写下了后来产生很大影响的自传《自由的滋味》（1972出版）。1981年，彭明敏与他人一起创立台湾人公共事务会（英文名为Formosan Association for Public Affairs，福尔摩沙[Formosa]是台湾历史上用过的名称 ），这个游说团体活跃至今。 |
| In November 1992, following the end of 38 years of martial law in Taiwan and the death of Chiang’s son and successor, Chiang Ching-kuo, Mr. Peng returned to Taiwan, where he was welcomed at Chiang Kai-shek International Airport by a crowd of about 1,000. He joined the Democratic Progressive Party two years later, before his failed presidential bid. | 蒋介石之子、继任者蒋经国去世后，台湾解除了实施38年的戒严令，彭明敏于1992年11月返回台湾，当时有近千人在中正国际机场接机。两年后，他加入民进党，后来在台湾总统大选中败选。 |
| In the 2000 election, Taiwan chose the Democratic Progressive candidate Chen Shui-bian as president. He was the country’s first president who was not a member of the Kuomintang. Mr. Chen made Mr. Peng an adviser in acknowledgment of his contributions to Taiwan’s democratic struggle. | 在2000年的总统大选中，台湾选民将民进党候选人陈水扁选为总统。他是台湾首位非国民党成员的总统。陈水扁将彭明敏任命为资政，以感谢他为台湾民主斗争做出的贡献。 |
| Decades earlier, as frosty relations between Washington and Beijing began to thaw under the Nixon administration, Mr. Peng had urged the world to pay attention to the concerns of the Taiwanese people. | 早在几十年前，华盛顿与北京的冷淡关系在尼克松政府时期开始解冻时，彭明敏就曾敦促世界关注台湾人民担心的事情。 |
| In a 1971 opinion essay in The New York Times, he refuted China’s claim on Taiwan while arguing for closer ties across the Taiwan Strait between Beijing and Taipei. | 1971年，在《纽约时报》发表的一篇观点文章中，他驳斥了中国对台湾的主权主张，同时也给出了北京与台北加强两岸关系的理由。 |
| “The Chinese,” he wrote, “must learn to distinguish ethnic origin and culture from politics and law, and to discard their archaic obsession to claim anyone of Chinese ancestry as legally Chinese, however far removed from China.” | 他写道，“中国人必须学会将民族起源和文化与政治和法律区分开来，抛弃他们早已过时的痴迷，把任何有中国血统的人宣称为法律上的中国人，不管他们与中国的关系有多远。” |
| He continued: “The real issue is not independence for Formosa but self-determination for the people there. And the Formosan people want to live in the most friendly association with the Chinese people and would spare no effort to establish the closest economic, commercial and even political ties with China.” | 他继续写道：“真正的问题不是福尔摩沙的独立，而是当地人民的自决。福尔摩沙人民想与中国人民生活在最友好的关系之下，并将不遗余力地与中国建立最密切的经济和商业关系，甚至政治关系。” |
OK阅读网 版权所有(C)2017 | 联系我们