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| MELBOURNE, Australia — Protests rocked the capital of the Solomon Islands on Thursday for the second straight day as people clashed with the police and demanded that Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare resign. Some set buildings ablaze and looted stores. |
| 澳大利亚墨尔本——周四，席卷所罗门群岛首都的抗议活动进入第二天，人们与警方发生冲突，并要求总理梅纳西·索加瓦雷辞职。一些人纵火焚烧建筑物，抢劫商店。 |
| Protesters were met by police tear gas and rubber bullets on Wednesday after they stormed the national Parliament in the capital, Honiara, and set a police station and buildings in Chinatown on fire, the authorities said. On Thursday, more buildings went up in flames. Outnumbered, the police set up a heavily guarded barricade to stop demonstrators from entering the city’s main business district. |
| 当局表示，抗议者周三袭击了首都霍尼亚拉的国民议会，并放火焚烧了一个警局以及唐人街的建筑物后，警方发射了催泪瓦斯和橡皮子弹。周四，更多建筑物被点燃。由于寡不敌众，警方设置了戒备森严的路障，阻止示威者进入该市的主要商业区。 |
| On Thursday afternoon, the Australian government announced that, after a request for assistance from Mr. Sogavare, it would send a peacekeeping force to the Solomon Islands. |
| 周四下午，应索加瓦雷的援助请求，澳大利亚政府宣布将向所罗门群岛派遣维和部队。 |
| Here’s what we know about the unrest. |
| 以下是我们对这次骚乱的了解。 |
| Who and what are behind the protests? |
| 抗议活动的推手是谁？事件背景是什么？ |
| Many of the protesters had traveled from the island of Malaita to Guadalcanal Island, which houses the nation’s capital, according to officials and local news reports. |
| 据官员和当地新闻报道，许多抗议者从马莱塔岛前往该国首都所在的瓜达尔卡纳尔岛。 |
| Experts say discontent has simmered for decades between the two islands, mainly over a perceived unequal distribution of resources and a lack of economic support that has left Malaita one of the least-developed provinces in the island nation. |
| 专家表示，这两个岛屿之间的不满情绪已经酝酿了几十年，主要由于人们认为，资源分配不均和缺乏经济支持使马莱塔成为该岛国最不发达的省份之一。 |
| There has also been lingering dissatisfaction in Malaita over the central government’s decision in 2019 to switch diplomatic allegiances to Beijing from Taipei, Taiwan, a self-governing island that China claims as its territory. |
| 马莱塔也对中央政府在2019年与台湾断交并与北京建交的决定始终心怀不满。中国声称自治岛屿台湾是其领土。 |
| Taiwan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs accused Beijing of bribing Solomons politicians to abandon Taipei in the run-up to the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China under the Communist Party. |
| 台湾外交部指责北京贿赂所罗门群岛政客，让他们在共产党领导下的中华人民共和国建国70周年前夕放弃台北。 |
| How did the Solomon Islands become the focus of world powers? |
| 所罗门群岛如何成为世界大国的焦点？ |
| The Solomon Islands is an archipelago made up of nearly a thousand islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 miles northeast of Australia. The island chain has a population of 710,000, primarily farmers and fishers. |
| 所罗门群岛由太平洋上的近千个岛屿组成，位于澳大利亚东北约1600公里处。人口71万，主要是农民和渔民。 |
| Malaita is the most populous of the islands, with residents numbering 160,500 as of last year. Densely forested, mountainous and volcanic, it lies 30 miles northeast of Guadalcanal, the larger island, across Indispensable Strait. |
| 马莱塔是岛上人口最多的岛屿，截至去年，居民人数为16.05万。它位于较大的瓜达尔卡纳尔岛东北48公里处，与必需号海峡隔海相望，这里森林茂密，山峦连绵，多火山。 |
| The island nation found itself in a heightened geopolitical tug of war because of the 2019 decision, which dealt a blow both to Taipei’s global standing and to Washington’s regional diplomacy. |
| 由于2019年的决定，这个岛国陷入了一场激烈的地缘政治拉锯战，对台北的全球地位和华盛顿的地区外交都造成了打击。 |
| The United States sees the Solomon Islands, and other Pacific nations, as crucial in preventing China from asserting influence in the region. |
| 美国认为，所罗门群岛和其他太平洋国家对于阻止中国在该地区建立影响力起着至关重要的作用。 |
| China has been investing heavily in the Pacific, to the alarm of U.S. officials. In 2019, a Chinese company signed an agreement to lease one of the islands, but the agreement was subsequently ruled illegal by the attorney general of the Solomon Islands. |
| 中国一直在太平洋地区进行大量投资，这让美国官员感到警惕。2019年，一家中国公司签署了租赁其中一个岛屿的协议，但该协议随后被所罗门群岛总检察长裁定为非法。 |
| This is not the first time China’s presence on the islands has been a source of contention. In 2006, riots broke out amid rumors that the election of an unpopular prime minister had been influenced by Chinese or Taiwanese money. |
| 这不是中国第一次因在这些岛屿上的影响力而成为争论的焦点。2006年，有传言称，不受欢迎的总理赢得选举是受到中国或台湾资金的影响，当地一度爆发骚乱。 |
| How did the switch in allegiances affect the country? |
| 外交转向如何影响这个国家？ |
| Some experts draw a straight line from the 2019 decision to this week’s unrest. |
| 一些专家将2019年的决定与本周的动乱划上了直接的联系。 |
| Behind the riots was “quite a lot of unhappiness about that switch,” said Sinclair Dinnen, an associate professor at the Australian National University’s Department of Pacific Affairs. |
| 澳大利亚国立大学太平洋事务系副教授辛克莱·迪南表示，骚乱的背后是“对这种转变的极大不满”。 |
| Malaita’s premier, Daniel Suidani, has been a vocal critic of that decision by the prime minister, and Malaita continues to maintain a relationship with and receive support from Taiwan — in contravention to the central government’s position, said Mihai Sora, a research fellow at the Lowy Institute and a former Australian diplomat stationed in the Solomon Islands. |
| 洛伊研究所研究员、前驻所罗门群岛的澳大利亚外交官米哈伊·索拉说，马莱塔的地方领导人丹尼尔·苏达尼一直强烈批评总理的这一决定，马莱塔继续与台湾保持关系并得到台湾的支持——这违背了中央政府的立场。 |
| With the United States providing Malaita with direct foreign aid while China supports the central government, existing fractures in the nation have deepened, he said. |
| 他说，随着美国向马莱塔提供直接外援，而中国则支持中央政府，所罗门群岛现有的裂痕已经加深。 |
| “Geostrategic competition does not by itself trigger rioting,” Mr. Sora said, “but it’s the actions of these large nations as they curry sympathy with local actors — favoring some over others to pursue their own strategic objectives without pausing to consider what are already deep social and political undercurrents in the country — that have a destabilizing effect on social cohesion.” |
| “地缘战略竞争本身并不会引发骚乱，”索拉说，“骚乱是这些大国为了讨好当地各方人士而采取的行动引发的——为了追求自己的战略目标而有所偏向，却没有停下来考虑该国业已存在的、深刻的社会和政治暗流——这对社会凝聚力产生了不稳定的影响。” |
| What has been the fallout from the protests? |
| 抗议活动的后果是什么？ |
| After hundreds of people took to the streets and set fire to a building near Parliament, Mr. Sogavare announced a 36-hour curfew: from 7 p.m. Wednesday to 7 a.m. Friday. |
| 数百人走上街头、放火焚烧议会附近的一栋建筑之后，索加瓦雷宣布实行36小时的宵禁：从周三晚7点到周五早7点。 |
| He accused the protesters of being politically motivated, saying in a video address, “Today our nation witnessed another sad and unfortunate event aimed at bringing a democratically elected government down.” |
| 他指责抗议者有政治动机，在视频讲话中说，“今天我们国家目睹了又一起旨在推翻民选政府的事件，这是可悲而不幸的。” |
| Mr. Sogavare vowed that the authorities would find the protests’ organizers and bring them to justice. |
| 索加瓦雷发誓当局将找到抗议活动的组织者，并将他们绳之以法。 |
| The Chinese Embassy in Honiara said in a statement posted on social media Wednesday that it had “asked the Solomon Islands to take all necessary measures to strengthen the protection of Chinese businesses and people.” It also advised Chinese residents in “high-risk areas” to shut their businesses and hire security guards. |
| 中国驻霍尼亚拉大使馆周三在社交媒体上发表声明称，已经“要求所方采取一切必要措施，加强对中国企业和人员保护”。它还建议“高危地区”的侨胞暂停一切经营活动，雇佣当地安保公司。 |
| On Thursday, it noted that numerous shops, banks and warehouses had been burned. |
| 周四，使馆指出，许多商铺、银行和仓库被烧毁。 |
| How could this end? |
| 怎么才能结束？ |
| Inter-island tensions spurred civil conflict between militias on the two main islands from 1998 to 2003, during a period known as “the tensions.” That led to the deployment of an Australia- and New Zealand-led peacekeeping force from 2003 to 2017. |
| 1998年至2003年，在被称为“紧张局势”的时期，岛屿间的紧张关系引发了两个主要岛屿的民兵之间的内战。这导致2003年至2017年澳大利亚和新西兰领导的维和部队在这里驻扎。 |
| On Thursday afternoon, Prime Minister Scott Morrison of Australia announced that his country would send more than 100 police officers and military forces to the Solomon Islands to “provide stability and security.” Twenty-three police officers would arrive immediately (up to 50 more may make the trip), and 43 military personnel would follow. |
| 周四下午，澳大利亚总理莫里森宣布，澳大利亚将向所罗门群岛派遣100多名警察和军队，“提供稳定和安全”。23名警察将立即抵达（最多可能有50人），随后前往的还将有43名军事人员。 |
| Mr. Sora, the former Australian diplomat, said that although small-scale civil unrest had not been unusual in recent years, and that the local police had been able to control such episodes, the latest protests had evidently escalated beyond what the local authorities could handle. |
| 前澳大利亚外交官索拉说，尽管近年来小规模的民间骚乱并不罕见，而且当地警方也能够控制局面，但最近的抗议活动显然已经升级到地方当局无法处理的程度。 |
| On Tuesday, before the protests started but as Malaitians had started to converge on the capital, a group of federal Malaitan members of Parliament called on Mr. Suidani and protest leaders to “refrain from inciting Malaitans to engage in unlawful activities.” They also urged opposition parliamentarians to “refrain from fanning the flames of violence and incitement.” |
| 周二，在抗议开始之前，也就是在马莱塔人开始聚集在首都的时候，国民议会的一群马莱塔议员呼吁苏达尼和抗议领导人“不要煽动马莱塔人从事非法活动”。他们还敦促反对派议员“不要刺激暴力和煽动的火焰”。 |
| But by Thursday, 15 buildings were on fire or had been burned down in Chinatown, as well as 10 more in a nearby industrial zone, according to Nathan Ruser, a researcher at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute. He cross-referenced on-the-ground videos and photos with maps of the area to estimate the number. |
| 但澳大利亚战略政策研究所研究员内森·鲁瑟说，截至周四，唐人街有15栋建筑着火或被烧毁，附近一个工业区还有10栋。他将现场视频和照片与该地区的地图进行交叉比对，估计出了这一数字。 |
| Videos posted to social media showed large crowds gathering in Chinatown as plumes of smoke billow from buildings. |
| 发布在社交媒体上的视频显示，大量人群聚集在唐人街，浓烟从建筑物中滚滚而出。 |
| Other individuals and groups had latched on to the protests for various reasons, Dr. Dinnen said. Machinations by the political opposition to unseat the government, and opportunistic rioters, had contributed to the size of the crowds, he said. |
| 迪南说，其他个人和团体出于各种原因参与了抗议活动。他说，他说，政治反对派为推翻政府而进行的策划，以及投机取巧的骚乱者，都导致了集会人数的增加。 |
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