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| HONG KONG — The director of “Far From Home,” a short, intimate film about a family caught in the tumult of the 2019 antigovernment protests in Hong Kong, had hoped to show off her work at a local film festival in June. |
| 香港——围绕一户卷入2019年香港反政府抗议活动的人家，短片《执屋》讲述了一个温馨的故事，导演曾希望影片能在今年6月的香港电影节上展映。 |
| Then the censors stepped in. |
| 后来审查人员介入了。 |
| They told the director, Mok Kwan-ling, that her film’s title — which in Cantonese could carry a suggestion of cleaning up after a crime — must go. Dialogue expressing sympathy for an arrested protester had to be excised. Scenes of removing items from a room also had to be cut, apparently because they might be construed as concealing evidence. |
| 他们告诉导演莫坤菱，必须改片名，它在粤语里可能带有犯罪后清理现场的暗示。需要删掉片中对被捕抗议者表示同情的对话。还必须剪掉一段从房间里拿走物品的画面，显然是因为这些画面可以理解为隐藏证据。 |
| In total, Ms. Mok was ordered to make 14 cuts from the 25-minute film. But she said that doing so would have destroyed the balance she had attempted to forge between the views of protesters and those who opposed them. So she refused, and her film has thus far gone unseen by the public. |
| 他们总共要求莫坤菱对这部全长25分钟的短片做14处修剪。但莫坤菱说，那样做会破坏她试图在抗议者与反对抗议者的视角之间找到平衡的努力。她拒绝了，她的片子因此到目前为止还没有公映机会。 |
| “It was quite contradictory to a good narrative and a good plot,” she said. “If a person is completely good or completely bad, it’s very boring.” |
| “这与讲一个好故事、编一个好情节相当有矛盾，”莫坤菱说。“如果一个人要么全好、要么全坏，那会非常无聊。” |
| Hong Kong’s world-famous film scene, which nurtured groundbreaking directors like John Woo and Wong Kar-wai, has become the latest form of expression to be censored since Beijing imposed a tough new national security law on the former British colony last year. |
| 香港电影享有世界声誉，成就了吴宇森和王家卫等开创性的导演。自北京去年对这个英国前殖民地实行严厉的国家安全法以来，它已成为了最新一个受到审查的表达方式。 |
| In March, a local theater pulled the prizewinning protest documentary “Inside the Red Brick Wall,” after a state-run newspaper said it incited hatred of China. At least two Hong Kong directors have decided to not release new films locally. When an earlier film by one of those directors was shown to a private gathering last month, the gathering was raided by the police. |
| 今年3月，当地一家影院取消了获奖抗议纪录片《理大围城》的放映，因为一家官方报纸称该片煽动仇华。至少有两名香港导演已决定不在当地发行新电影。上个月，这两名导演中的一人在一次私人聚会上放映一部以前的电影时，遭到了警方的突袭。 |
| Directors say they fear the government will force them to cut their films — and, potentially, put them in prison — if they dismiss demands and show their work. |
| 导演们说，他们担心政府会强迫他们剪辑自己的作品，甚至如果他们拒绝审查要求，放映作品的话，可能把他们关进监狱。 |
| “Under the national security law, Hong Kong is no longer Hong Kong,” said Jevons Au, a director who moved to Canada shortly after the sweeping law was imposed. “Hong Kong is a part of China, and its film industry will finally turn into a part of China’s film industry.” |
| “国家安全法之下的香港不再是香港，”导演欧文杰(Jevons Au)说，在涉及范围广泛的港区国安法实施后不久，他已经移居加拿大。“香港是中国的一部分，其电影产业最终将成为中国电影产业的一部分。” |
| Beyond the national security law, the government plans to toughen its censorship policies to allow it to ban or force cuts to films deemed “contrary to the interests of national security.” Such powers would also be retroactive, meaning the authorities could bar films that were previously approved. People that show such films could face up to three years in prison. |
| 除了港区国安法，政府还打算加强审查制度，让政府有权禁止它认为“违反国家安全利益”的电影，或对这类影片进行强制删减。这种权力还将具追溯效力，意味着当局可禁止以前批准上映的电影。播放被禁影片的人最高可能面临三年有期徒刑。 |
| “Part of the underlying goal of this law is to intimidate Hong Kong filmmakers, investors, producers, distributors and theaters into internalizing self-censorship,” said Shelly Kraicer, a film researcher specializing in Chinese-language cinema. “There will be a lot of ideas that just aren’t going to become projects and projects that aren’t going to be developed into films.” |
| “国安法的根本目标之一，是恐吓香港的电影人、投资者、制片人、发行商和影院以自我审查的方式将法律内化，”专门研究华语电影的研究员谢枫(Shelly Kraicer)说。“将会有很多想法不会变成项目，也会有很多项目不会拍成电影。” |
| The new restrictions are unlikely to trouble bigger-budget Hong Kong films, which are increasingly made in collaboration with mainland companies and aimed at the Chinese market. Producers already work to ensure those films comply with mainland censorship. Likewise, distributors and streaming services like Netflix, which is available in Hong Kong but not mainland China, are wary of crossing red lines. |
| 新限制不太可能影响制作成本更高的香港大片，因为这类影片对准的是中国市场，内地公司越来越多地参与制作。制片人已经在努力确保这些电影符合内地的审查要求。同样，发行商和网飞(Netflix)等流媒体服务平台也担心越过红线（网飞在香港可用，在内地不可用）。 |
| “Netflix is a business first,” said Kenny Ng, an expert on film censorship at Hong Kong Baptist University’s Academy of Film. “They show unconventional films, including politically controversial films, but only from a safe distance. I think Netflix has bigger concerns about access to commercial markets, even in mainland China.” |
| “网飞首先是做生意，”香港浸会大学电影学院研究电影审查制度的专家吴国坤说。“他们播放非常规电影，包括政治上有争议的电影，但只从一个安全距离之外。我认为网飞更关心的是商业市场准入，即便是中国内地市场。” |
| Netflix representatives did not reply to requests for comment. |
| 网飞的代表没有回复记者的置评请求。 |
| The most likely targets of the new rules, which are expected to be approved this fall by Hong Kong’s legislature, are independent documentaries and fictional films that touch on protests and opposition politics. |
| 预计香港立法会将于今年秋天批准审查新规，这些新规最有可能是针对涉及抗议，以及反对派政治的独立纪录片和故事片而来的。 |
| “For those independent filmmakers who really want to do Hong Kong stories in Hong Kong, it will be very challenging,” said Mr. Au, the director who moved to Canada. “They will have a lot of obstacles. It might even be dangerous.” |
| “对于那些真想在香港拍香港故事的独立电影人来说，这将非常具有挑战性，”已移居加拿大的导演欧文杰说。“他们将面临很多障碍。甚至可能会很危险。” |
| The documentary “Inside the Red Brick Wall” was shot by anonymous filmmakers who followed protesters at Hong Kong Polytechnic University when they were besieged by police for two weeks in 2019. In addition to the film being pulled from the local theater, the Arts Development Council of Hong Kong withdrew a $90,000 grant to Ying E Chi, the independent film collective that released it. |
| 纪录片《理大围城》是匿名拍摄者制作的，他们在2019年香港理工大学抗议者被警方包围的两周里，跟着抗议者拍了该片。除了当地影院取消该片的放映之外，香港艺术发展局还收回了给发行该片的独立电影团体“影意志”的76万港币拨款。 |
| The censorship office had initially approved the documentary for audiences over 18, but now some in the film industry believe it could face a retroactive ban. |
| 电影审查部门最初曾批准18岁以上的观众看这部纪录片，但电影业一些人士现在认为，该片可能面临追溯性禁令。 |
| Creators of the fictional film “Ten Years,” which examined the fears of vanishing culture and freedoms that invigorated the resistance to China’s tightening grip on Hong Kong, say it could also be targeted under the new rules. The filmmakers had difficulties finding venues when the movie was released in 2015, but now it might be banned completely, said Mr. Au, who directed one vignette in the five-part film. |
| 故事片《十年》的创作者们说，该片也可能成为新规的目标。这部电影审视了对文化和自由消失的恐惧，这种恐惧激发了人们对中国收紧对香港控制的抵制。该片在2015年上映时，制片人曾在寻找放映地点上遇到困难，但现在该片可能会被彻底禁映，欧文杰说道，他是这部五个故事构成的电影其中一位导演。 |
| Kiwi Chow, who also directed part of “Ten Years,” knew that his protest documentary “Revolution of Our Times” had no chance of being approved in Hong Kong. Even its overseas premiere at the Cannes Film Festival in July required special precautions. It was shown on short notice near the end of the festival so Beijing couldn’t pressure the organizers to block it. |
| 执导了《十年》另一个故事的周冠威知道，他拍的抗议纪录片《时代革命》不可能在香港通过审查。甚至该片今年7月在戛纳电影节的海外首映也需要采取特别的预防措施。《时代革命》是在电影节快结束时临时通知放映，这样北京就无法向组织者施压，阻止放映。 |
| Mr. Chow sold the film rights to a European distributor and, before he returned to Hong Kong, deleted footage of the film from his own computers out of fear he might be arrested. |
| 周冠威在返回香港之前已把《时代革命》的版权卖给了一个欧洲发行商，因为担心可能会被逮捕，他已从自己的计算机上删除了这部电影。 |
| Some of the subjects of the 152-minute film, including pro-democracy activists such as Benny Tai and Gwyneth Ho, are now in jail. Mr. Chow feared he, too, might be arrested. Friends and family warned him to leave the city, release the film anonymously or change its title. The title is drawn from the slogan “Liberate Hong Kong, Revolution of Our Times,” which the government has described as an illegal call for Hong Kong independence. |
| 《时代革命》全长152分钟，其中人物包括现已入狱的戴耀廷和何桂蓝等亲民主活动人士。周冠威担心自己也会被逮捕。朋友和家人劝他离开香港，匿名发行这部电影，或更改片名。现在的片名取自“光复香港，时代革命”的口号，政府已将这个口号定为非法，称其呼吁香港独立。 |
| But Mr. Chow said he ultimately went ahead with the film as he had envisioned it out of a sense of responsibility to the project, its subject and crew. |
| 但周冠威说，出于对影片、主题和工作人员的责任感，他最终还是按照自己的设想推出了这部电影。 |
| “I need to do what’s right and not let fear shake my beliefs,” he said. |
| “我需要做我认为对的事情，不能让恐惧动摇我的信念，”他说。 |
| While he has yet to face direct retaliation, he said there were signs it could be coming. |
| 虽然他尚未受到直接报复，但他说，有迹象表明报复可能即将到来。 |
| When he attended a small, private showing of “Beyond the Dream,” a nonpolitical romance that he directed, the police raided the event. Mr. Chow and about 40 people who attended the screening at the office of a pro-democracy district representative were each fined about $645 for violating social distancing rules. |
| 他参加自己导演的一部非政治浪漫片《幻爱》的小型私人放映会时，警方对现场进行了突袭。放映会是在一个亲民主的区议会议员办公室举行的，周冠威和在场的约40名观众每人被警方以违反保持社交距离的规定为由罚款5000港币。 |
| “It seems like a warning sign from the regime,” he said. “It’s not very direct. It’s still a question whether the regime has begun its work: Has a case on me been opened?” |
| “这似乎是当局发出的警告信号，”周冠威说。“不是很直接。但仍让人想问一下，当局是否已开始工作，是不是已经对我立案了？” |
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