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| China’s push for self-sufficiency in a wide range of industries is dividing foreign companies, with some welcoming it as another chance to invest there while others worry that it will cause risks to the country’s trading partners and its own economy. |
| 中国在多个行业推动自力更生的做法正在外国企业当中带来分歧，一些人表示欢迎，认为这是在中国投资的又一个机会，而另一些人则担心，这会给中国的贸易伙伴和本国经济带来风险。 |
| Two influential groups of foreign businesses in China issued very different reports on Thursday. They revealed a striking divide on whether international companies support China’s push to replace imports with a self-reliant emphasis on domestic production. |
| 周四，两个在中国有影响力的外国企业团体发表了截然不同的报告。在是否支持中国推动以强调自力更生的国内生产取代进口的努力方面，这两份报告揭示了国际企业的明显分歧。 |
| China has been heavily subsidizing its manufacturers of semiconductors, commercial aircraft, electric cars and other products as part of a national effort to achieve greater self reliance. The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China contended in its report on Thursday that these policies were discouraging foreign investment in China. They are also causing China to spend heavily to develop its own versions of products that are more efficiently made elsewhere, the group said. |
| 中国一直在大力补贴半导体、商用飞机、电动汽车和其他产品的制造商，作为加强自力更生努力的一部分。中国欧盟商会(The European Union Chamber of Commerce in China)周四的报告认为，这些政策阻碍了外国在中国的投资。该组织表示，这些政策还导致中国斥巨资自主研发产品，而这些产品在其他地方生产的效率更高。 |
| “There are troubling signs that China is increasingly turning inwards, as can be seen in its 14th five-year plan,” the report said, referring to an economic blueprint the government released this year. “This tendency is casting considerable doubts over the country’s future growth trajectory.” |
| 报告称，“有令人不安的迹象表明，中国越来越向内转，这在‘十四五’规划中可以看出，”该规划指的是政府今年发布的经济蓝图。“这种趋势正在令人对该国未来的增长轨迹产生相当大的怀疑。” |
| The Trump administration was strongly critical of China’s emphasis on replacing imports with domestic production, an outgrowth of the country’s recent “Made in China 2025” manufacturing policy. But American companies with operations in China are, conversely, more supportive of Beijing’s policies. |
| 特朗普政府强烈批评中国强调以国内生产取代进口，这是中国最近的制造业政策“中国制造2025”的产物。但是，在中国开展业务的美国公司反而更支持北京的政策。 |
| A separate survey report issued by the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai found that a third of the chamber’s members thought China’s self-reliance strategy would help their revenue. Almost none thought they would be hurt. The rest saw little effect or said it was too soon to know. |
| 另一份调查报告由上海美国商会(American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai)发布，报告发现，三分之一的商会成员认为，中国的自力更生战略将有助于他们的收入。几乎没有人认为会受到伤害。其余的人认为影响不大，或者说现在还说不好。 |
| American companies that favor the strategy reasoned that the factories and other businesses they own in China would post greater sales to Chinese customers. They were much less worried about harm to their exports from the United States, which are often modest. Not one of the surveyed American companies had any plans to move operations back to the United States, despite efforts by the Trump and Biden administrations to encourage investment at home. |
| 支持这一战略的美国企业认为，他们在中国拥有的工厂和其他企业将从中国客户那里赚到更大的销售额。他们并不太担心此举损害他们从美国的出口，因为这类出口通常较少。尽管特朗普和拜登政府努力鼓励企业在国内投资，但没有一家接受调查的美国企业计划将业务迁回美国。 |
| Ker Gibbs, the president of the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai, said he was surprised by the views of his own chamber’s members. More than European companies, he said, American companies tend to focus mainly on the next quarter’s financial results, which are usually best served by staying in China. |
| 上海美国商会会长季恺文(Ker Gibbs)说，他对商会成员的观点感到惊讶。他说，与欧洲公司相比，美国企业往往更关注下一季度的财务业绩，而留在中国通常是更好的选择。 |
| “This gives them a short-term focus that serves them poorly when looking at a market like China,” Mr. Gibbs said. “They are right to focus on market growth and opportunities, but China’s push for self-reliance could limit opportunities in the long term.” |
| “这让他们在关注中国这样的市场时侧重于短期，这对他们并不有利，”季恺文说。“他们专注于市场增长和机遇是对的，但从长远来看，中国推动自力更生可能会限制机遇。” |
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